• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 1985

부산수산대학 실습선 부산403호의 내부개조 및 중량물의 철거로 인한 복원성의 변화를 측정하기 위하여 경사시험을 실시하고, 개조전과 시험시의 GM, K, GA의 값을 비교하였으며, 또한 어선 설비 등에 관한 규칙 및 IMO 규정에 비추어 복원성능을 검토하였다. 1. 경하 및 만재출항상태에서의 GZ값은 각각 0.307m 및 0.325 m 여서 복원성에는 이상이 없는 것으로 판단된다. 2. 경하상태에서는 개조전보다 GM이 0.046m 작고, KG 0.141 m 크나, 복원성에는 지장이 없는것으로 보아진다. 3. 만재출항상태에서 탱크 내 액체의 자유표면의 유동을 고려하지 않을 때는 개조전보다 GM이 0.163 m 작고 KG가 0.173 m 크나 복원성에는 지장이 없는 것으로 간주된다. 그러나 탱크 내 액체의 자유표면의 유동을 고려하면 GM 0.275m는, 어선 설비 등에 관한 규칙에서 산정한 GM의 기준치인 0.353m에 미치지 못하므로 이에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 본다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.82-93
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• 1998

Monthly changes of the gonad follicle index (GFI), reproductive cycle, egg-diameter composition, first sexual maturity of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, were studied based on the samples which have been collected from the intertidal zone of Poryong west coast of Korea, from January to December, 1996. C. gigas, is dioecious, while a few individuals are alternatively hermaphroditic. Monthly variation of gonad follicle index (GFI) used for determination of spawning period, coincided with the reproductive cycle. GFI increased from April when seawater temperatures gradually increased and reached the maximum in May. And then, GFI sharply decreased from June to September due to spawning. Reproductive cycle of this species can be divided into five successive stages: in females, early active stage (March to April), late active stage (April to May), ripe stage (May to August), partially spawned stage (June to September) and spent/inactive stage (September to February); in males, early active stage (February to March), late active stage (April to May), ripe stage (May to September), partially spawned stage (June to September) and spent/ inactive stage (September to February). The diameter of fully mature eggs are approximately 50um. Spawning occurred from June to September, and two spawning peaks were observed in June and August when the seawater temperature was above $20^{\circ}C$. Percentages of the first sexual maturity of males of 20.1-25.0 mm in shell height were over $50\%$, while those of females of 25.1-30.0 mm in shell height were over $50\%$. All the males of > 30.1 mm and all the females of ^gt; 35.1 mm completed their first sexual maturity. The results suggest that C. gigas has a protandry phenomenon. Sex ratios of 919 oysters observed were 453 females $(49.29\%)$, 429 males $(46.68\%)$, 16 hermaphrodites $(1.74\%)$, and 21 indeterminate individuals $(2.29\%)$. In age class I, sex ratio of males were $64.00\%$, thus, a higher percentage than that of females. It was noted that $64.00\%$ of the young males (age class I) were more functional than females in age class I, but 2-3 year-old oysters showed higher percentage of females. Percentages of hemaphrodites in 2-3 year classes were relatively higher than those in other year classes. Histological pattern of hermaphrodites can be divided into two types: Type I (hermaphrodite having a number of newly formed developing oocytes on the oogenic tissues within a degenerating spermatogenic follicle after discharge of numerous spermatozoa) and Type II (hermaphrodite having two separate follicles in the same gonad).

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

항만 진입항로 설계 시에는 선박 입출항에 따른 통항 안전성이 우선적으로 확보될 수 있도록 적정한 항로 폭이 고려되어야 한다. 통항 안전성에 요구되는 최소 항로 폭 산출은 선종별 선박의 크기와 운항 속력 등에 따라 상이하게 나타나는 조종성능을 포함한 선박 요소, 바람, 조류 및 파랑에 따른 환경적 요소, 그리고 운항자 개인별 경험과 판단력 등에 따른 인적 요소 및 해상교통량, 항해지원 시설 등의 기타 요소를 종합적으로 검토하여 결정해야 한다. 그러나, 우리나라 항로 폭 설계 기준이 국제수상교통시설협회나 미국, 일본 등의 기준과 비교할 때 단순히 선박 길이 요소만으로 산정하고 있어, 이에 대한 개선이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 배속 선박조종시뮬레이션을 활용하여 다양한 형태의 선박 및 환경적 요소를 고려하여, 직선항로에서 일방통항에 요구되는 적정 항로 폭에 대한 평가를 실시하였다. 대표적인 연구 결과로 일반적인 운항 선속 10노트 기준 풍속 25노트의 바람과 유속 2노트의 조류, 파고 약 3 m의 파랑이 작용할 경우, 15만 GT급 크루즈선은 선박 길이(L) 대비 0.67~0.91, 1만 2천 TEU급 컨테이너선은 0.79~1.17, 30만 DWT급 원유운반선은 1.02~1.59에 해당되는 최소 항로 폭이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 해당 결과는 우리나라 항로 설계기준의 개선 필요성 및 선박 대형화에 따른 통항 안전성 확보에 요구되는 최소 항로 폭 결정 등에 직접적으로 활용이 가능할 것이라 판단된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1996

We experienced a case of nephropathy in chronic lead poisoning. The patient was 43-year-old male who has been working in secondary lead smelting plant for 14 years. On admission, blood pressure was 160/90 mmHg and the others were non-specific. In past history, he received chelating agent administration for lead poisoning irregularly and medicated for gout, and the blood lead concentration was $180.0{\mu}g/dl$ on 2 months before admission. Smoking habit has been 1 pack per day for 15 years and drinking habit has been 1 bottle of Soju per day but less flow. In liver function test, AST/ALT were 27/28 IU/l and $\gamma-GT$ was 456 IU/l. In blood test, Hb : 11.5 g/dl, Hct : 34.0% and basophilic stipplings were found in peripheral blood smear. Chest PA was normal and abdominal ultrasonographic finding was non-specific except fatty liver. In the test of lead exposure indices, $PbB:83.0{\mu}g/dl,\;PbU:28.3{\mu}g/l$, and blood ZPP was $300.0{\mu}g/dl$. And in renal function test, BUN : 31.4 mg/dl, blood creatinine : 2.7mg/dl, blood uric acid. 9.1 mg/dl, urinary albumin : 100.0 mg/g creatinine, urinary $\alpha_1-microglobulin$ : 120.5 mg/g creatinine, urinary $\beta_2-microglobulin$ : $183.8{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, and 24 hours urinary creatinine clearance was 31.9 ml/min. The ultrasonoguided renal biopsy showed the global sclerosis of glomerulus, moderate atrophy and loss of tubule, and interstitial fibrosis in light microscopy. There were diffuse losses of brush border of proximal tubule in electronmicroscopy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the preparation of oval canals using hand and engine-driven instruments with SEM observation. Thirty single-rooted teeth with oval canal were used in this study. The teeth were divided into 3 groups. In group A the teeth were instrumented up to a size 35 K-file using RC-prep and irrigated with 5% NaOCl between each file size. In group B. the teeth were instrumented with Profile according to the manufacture's instructions using RC-Prep and irrigated with 5% NaOCl between each file size. In group C. the teeth were instrumented with GT file according to the manufacture's instructions using RC-prep and irrigated with 5% NaOCl between each file size. Then. in all teeth. a final flush of 5ml of distilled water delivered for 30s. Canals were dried with sterile standardized paper points. After preparing the canals, the teeth were sectioned along their mesial and diatal surfaces by using low-speed diamond disc. chisel and mallet. Each root section was then dehydrated in graded concentration of alcohol (70, 80, 90, 100%). mounted on an aluminum stub. sputter-coated with gold-palladium and observed with scanning electron microscope (HITACHI S-4200) in middle and apical area. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In the middle area. group B and group C showed less smear layer than group A and it was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 2. In the middle area. group B showed greater smear layer than group C. but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). 3. In the apical area, group C showed less smear layer than group A. and it was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 4. In the apical area. group A showed greater smear layer than group B. but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). 5. In the apical area. group B showed greater smear layer than group C. but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). 6. In all groups. the middle area was less smear layer than the apical area. and it was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was undertaken to verify the effect of Gangjihwan(Di-fatty, DF) composed with Pakistani Ephedra Herba on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) using high fat diet-fed male mice. Method : Eight-week old C57BL/6N mice were used for all experiments. Standard chow diet-fed mice were used as normal group and high fat diet-fed NAFLD mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, atorvastatin, DF(1), DF(2) and DF(3). After 8 weeks, mice were treated with water, atorvastatin(10mg/kg) and DF(40, 80, 160mg/kg) for 8 weeks. And we investigated body weight gain, plasma lipid and glucose metabolism, histological analysis for liver on the mice. Results : Compared with controls, DF-treated mice had very significantly lower body weight gain and lower visceral adipose tissue weight, the magnitudes of which were prominent in DF(3). Consistent with their effects on body weight gain, DF-treated mice had lower blood total cholesterol and triglyceride level compared with controls. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain and blood plasma lipid level, DF-treated mice had lower liver weight and hepatic lipid accumulation of DF-treated groups was significantly decreased than control group. Also Blood plasma AST, ALT and ${\gamma}$-GT concentration were not changed by DF, and these results may indicate DF do not show any toxic effects. Conclusions : These results suggest that DF effectively improves NAFLD. DF reduces liver weight and prevents lipid accumulation of hepatocyte by reducing body weight gain and modulating blood plasma lipid metabolism levels.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2007

Objectives : Effects of Fructus Foeniculi extract on liver function were investigated in carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) intoxicated rats. Methods : Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats with mean weight of $227.28{\pm}7.92g$ were used in these experiments and housed with food and water ad libitum. Fructus Foeniculi extract was administerd at dose 100mg/kg/day and 200mg/kg/day p.o. for 2 weeks after that CCl4 was treated 3 times at dose of 2.5ml/kg, p.o. in alternate day basis. Then serum AFP(${\alpha}$-Fetoprotein), Total protein, Albumin, Triglyceride, Total cholesterol concentrations and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), AST(Aspartate Aminotransferase), ALT(Alanine Aminotransferase), ${\gamma}$-GT( ${\gamma}$-Glutamyl transferase), LDH(Lactate Dehydrogenase) activities were determined with commercial kit by autoanalyzer. Results : Plasma ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein and total protein concentration showed a tendency to decrease in Fructus Foeniculi extract-treated groups. However, plasma albumin concentration showed no significant differences in all treatment groups. Activity of plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in Fructus Foeniculi extract-treated groups showed a lower value than that of control group. Alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities showed a tendency to decrease in Fructus Foeniculi treated groups. However, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase activity showed no significant difference in all treated groups. Concentration of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol showed a high level in CCl4 intoxicated rats but not in Fructus Foeniculi treated groups. Conclusion : Reviewing these experimental results, it appears that Fructus Foeniculi extract have recovering effect against liver injury.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.77-80
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• 1982

총톤수 240 톤급 가다랑어 채낚기 어선의 조종성능을 연구하기 위하여, 실선에 의한 Z실험을 행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. $10^{\circ}$Z실험에서의 선회성지수 K'는 0.611, 추종성지수 T'는 1.094, 20$^{\circ}$Z시험에서의 K'는 0.622, T'는, 1.695, 30$^{\circ}$Z시험에서 K'는 1.367로서 추종성은 $10^{\circ}$타각, 선회성은 20$^{\circ}$타각을 사용할 때 가장 좋으며, 전체적으로는 $10^{\circ}$의 소타각을 사용할 때의 조종성능이 20$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$의 대타각을 사용할 때 보다 더 양호하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 2. 조종성지수 K' 및 T'가 다른 종류의 선박들의 그것과 비교하여 작으므로, 추종성은 양호하나 선회성은 나쁘다는 것을 알 수 있다. 3. $10^{\circ}$Z시험에서의 1조작간 항주거리인 5~11배 이내이므로 종합적으로는 조종성능이 양호하다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

압착 및 혼합 올리브유의 총토코페롤 및 총페놀 함량을 비교 분석하고, 아울러 빛의 존재 유무에 따른 자동산화 및 가열산화에 대한 산화안정성을 대두유와 비교 검토하였다. 압착 올리브유, 혼합 올리브유 및 대두유의 총토코페롤 함량은 각각 15.7, 11.2 및 80.7 mg/100 g이었다. 이들의 총페놀 함량은 각각 10.4, 1.6 및 0.5 mg/100g이었다. 암소하에서 자동산화에 의한 산화안정성은 압착 올리브유>혼합 올리브유^gt;대두유 순이었다. 압착 올리브유, 혼합 올리브유 및 대두유의 평균 온도계수는 45∼$65^{\circ}C$의 온도범위 에서 각각 1.73, 1.83 및 1.64이었으며, 활성화에너지는 각각 26.86,29.49 및 24.07 KJ/moi이었다. 빛의 존재 하에서 자동산화에 대한 산화안정성은 대두유>혼합 올리브유>압착 올리브유의 순이었으며, 이 들의 유도기간은 각각 15.3일, 16.4일 및 18.0일이었다. 가열산화에 대한 산화안정성은 혼합 올리브유>압착 올리브유>대두유의 순이었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2000

Differential display-PCR 방법을 이용하여, hCG 처리에 의한 참돔, Pagrus major의 난성숙 능력의 획득 경과시간에 따라 새롭게 발현하는 cDNA를 해석하였다. Differential display-PCR과 5'RACE 방법을 이용하여, 2,662 염기와 434개의 아미노산을 코드하고 있는 cDNA의 전염기배열을 결정하였다. DNA의 데 이터베이스인 GenBank 및 EMBL을 이용하여 상동성을 검색한 결과, 본 cDNA와 높은 상동성을 나타낸 유전자는 검색되지 않았다. 따라서 본 cDNA는 참돔의 난성숙 능력 유도와 함께 그 발현량이 증가하는 난성숙 관련 유전자로 판단되었다. 또한 본 cDNA에서는 protein kinase C 인산화 및 casein kinaseII 인산화 consensus 배열의 존재가 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 cloning된 난성숙 관련 유전자는 난여포에 hCG 처리 9～24시간 후에 그 발현량이 증가하였으며, GH-II (300 ng/ml)로 배양한 난여포에서 특이적으로 증가하였다. 또한 in vivo 실험에서 난성숙 관련 유전자는 난성숙 능력 획득 이전의 난소에서는 거의 발현하지 않았으나, 난성숙 능력을 획득한 난소에서 강하게 발현된 점으로 보아, hCG에 의한 난성숙 능력 유도에 성숙기간 중 새롭게 합성되는 난성숙 관련 유전자가 관여할 가능성이 높다.