• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.15-16
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• 2010

• 한국패류학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국패류학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.38-38
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• 2003

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 해수담수화 과정 중 황산이온과 염소이온은 제거하고 유용미네랄인 마그네슘, 칼슘은 잔존 시키는 미네랄 수질 조정 기술로 먹는물 수질기준에 맞는 고경수 제조 공정 개발에 있다. 역삼투막(RO)에 통과시켜 농축수(Concentrated deep seawater)와 탈염수(desalted deep seawater)를 제조하고, 나노여과막(NF)를 사용하여 염화나트륨이 제거되지 않은 1차 미네랄 농축수(Mineral enriched deep seawater)를 제조하여, 전기투석 이온교환막(ED)을 가동하여 염화나트륨을 제거한 탈염 미네랄농축수(Mineral enriched desalted water)를 제조하여 이를 RO 탈염수와 희석하여 고경도 먹는해양심층수를 제조하였다. 역삼투막은 해수(해양심층수) 원수에서 용존물질과 담수를 분리할 수 있으며, 2차에 걸쳐 역삼투막을 사용하면, 용존성분 중 99.9% 이상 제거되고, 경도 1이하, 염소이온의 농도 2.3 mg/L인 용존물질이 완전히 제거된 탈염수(순수)를 제조할 수 있었다. 나노여과막 (NF 막)의 간극은 $10^{-9}$ m으로 마그네슘과 칼슘은 50%정도 통과시키며, 염소이온과 나트륨 같은 일가이온은 95%이상 통과한다. 나노여과막은 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도 성분과 나트륨과 염소이온과 같은 염분성분을 분리 농축할 수 있지만, 완벽하게 분리하지는 못한다. 전기투석막(ED)은 전기전도도에 따라 경도성분의 이가이온과 염분성분인 일가이온이 분리된다. 전기전도도 20 mS/cm 이상에서 경도성분(마그네슘이온, 칼슘 이온 등)은 제거되지 않는 반면, 염분성분 (나트륨이온, 염소이온 등)은 지속적으로 제거되었다. 따라서, 나노여과막을 이용하여 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도 성분을 농축하고, 전기투석막을 이용하여 경도농축수에서 염분성분을 분리하여 경도농도 12,600 mg/L, 염소이온 농도 2,446 mg/L의 염분성분이 배제된 고경도 농축수를 제조할 수 있었다. 이러한 고경도수를 역삼투막을 이용하여 용존물질이 모두 제거된 2차 RO 생산수로 10배 희석하면 염소이온 농도 244 mg/L 로 먹는물 수질기준에 적합하면서 경도농도 1,260 mg/L 인 고경도 수 제조도 가능하였다. RO/NF/ED 또는 NF/ED 연계공정은 해수의 증발 없이 역삼투막, 나노여과막과 전기투석막만을 이용하여 염소이온과 나트륨, 칼륨, 황산이온과 같은 염분성분을 제거하면서 마그네슘과 칼슘과 같은 경도성분은 농축할 수 있어서 먹는물 수질기준에 적합한 고경도수 제조가 가능하였으며, 이 과정 중 소모되는 에너지를 줄일 수 있었다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.415-440
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 빠르게 도입되고 있는 디스커버리에 대한 이해를 돕고, 통합탐색도구로서 우리 도서관목록의 유용성을 증대하는데 기여할 수 있는지 그 가능성과 한계를 가늠해 보고자 한다. 구체적으로, 이 연구는 관련 문헌에 대한 조사와 분석에 근거하여, (1) 디스커버리가 등장하게 된 배경과 개념 및 유형 등 디스커버리의 실체를 살펴보고, (2) 디스커버리 통합색인의 품질평가를 위한 기준과 지표를 개발하고, (3) 도출된 기준과 지표에 따라 디스커버리에서 제공하는 통합색인의 질적 수준을 평가한 뒤, (4) 디스커버리의 도입에 앞서 우리 학계와 도서관계가 고민해야 할 과제와 취해야 할 전략에 대해서 논의하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 이 연구에서는 EDS를 사용하는 P대학도서관을 사례로 하여 371건의 표본 레코드를 추출한 뒤, 이를 대상으로 디스커버리 통합색인의 품질평가를 수행하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to examine the clinical characteristics and mortality risk factors of geriatric hospital patients who visited one region-wide emergency department (ED). It's basically meant to develop criteria for the patient management of geriatric hospitals and to provide related information. Methods: A retrospective research study was implemented using electronic medical records. The subjects in this study included 484 geriatric hospital patients who were selected from among 15,994 patients that visited one region-wide ED between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015. Results: There were significant differences in death, a change for the better and no change for the better, which were results of treatment, according to the length of stay in hospital, hospitalization in a general ward, not having an operation or surgery, the presence or absence of malignant neoplasm, the insertion of foley catheter, intubation, ventilator and the insertion of central venous catheter. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a patient management system is necessary in geriatric hospitals and that competent healthcare workers who can properly respond to emergencies are required as well.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.396-401
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• 1995

As a part of trials to develop the antitumor agent from tannins isolated from plants, the antitumor activity of peduculagin, an ellagitannin, isolated from Alnus hirsuta var. microphylla was examined in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the cytotoxicity was determined by 0.4% typanblue dye exclusion method. peduculagin showed the dose-dependent cytotoxicity against human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K-562), human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), mouse lymphoid neoplasm (P388), mouse lymphocytic leukemia (L1210) and mouse sarcoma 180(S180) cell lines. $ED_{50}\; values\; (ED_{50})$ of each cell line were 5.30, 0.92, 2.78, 9.35 and $1.38 \mug/ml$ respectively. The most sensitive cell line was HL-60. In vivo, pedunculagin was administered to ICR mouse with the doses of 50 and $100{\;}{\mu}g/ml$intraperitoneally once at 20 days before S180 inoculation. peduculagin showed the antitumor activity and its T/C ratio (%) was 120.82% in the group of both concentrations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.423-426
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• 1995

SM-101 is a mixture of metampicillin and sulbactam(2:1). The antibacterial activities of SM-101 were compared with those of metampicillin, piperacillin and Augmentin. It showed powerful antibacterial activities against major strains. Except P. anruginosa and S. marcescens, the in vitro antibacterial activity of SM-101 was higher than those of metampicillin, piperacillin and Augmentin against Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Moganella morganii, E. Coil, and Proteus spp. The $ED_{50}$ values of SM-101 were two-fold or greater than those of metampicillin, piperacillin and Augmentin against $\beta-lactamase$ producing strains, p. mirabilis GN79 and M. morganiii MB4-11. The in vivo efficacy of SM-101 was more active than metampicillin and pipeeracillin and similar to Augmentin against S. aureus Smith, E coli MB4-01 and K. pneumoniae MB4-02.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.304-308
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• 2012

In vitro antibacterial activity of DW286 was tested against recently collected clinical isolates of Gram-positive strains by the two fold agar dilution method. In vivo activity of DW286 was also determined against systemic infections in mice caused by Staphylococcus aureus. DW286 showed 16~64-fold more potent in vitro activities than ciprofloxacin against Gram-positive bacteria. Against systemic infection model caused by two S. aureus strains, one being methicillin-susceptible and the other methicillin-resistant, DW286 ($ED_{50}s$, 0.16 mg/kg and 4.36 mg/kg, respectively) was more potent than gemifloxacin (1.37 mg/kg, 26.58 mg/kg, respectively).

• 약학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.345-352
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• 1998

Praecoxin A, an ellagitannin, purified from Alnus hirsuta var.microphlla was evaluated on the antitumor activity. Praecoxin A had the significant cytotoxicity to s ix tumor cell lines: human chronic myelogenous leukemia K-562, human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, mouse leukemia P388, mouse lymphocytic leukemia L-1210, sarcoma-l8O, mouse lymphoma L5178Y except L-1210. And the most sensitive cell line was K-562 ($ED_{50}=2.43{\mu}g/ml$). The $ED_{50} of praecoxin A against HL-60, P388, L-1210, sarcoma7l8O and L5178Y were 6.28, 8.66, 10.00, 7.01, $9.32{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Praecoxin A showed the increasing effect in life span by 36.8% on the 1st day after treatment of 10mg/kg in mice bearing sarcoma-180 tumor cells (ascitic form) via NCI (National Cancer Institute, U.S.A.) protocol in vivo assay. As a result, praecoxin A is considered to show the antitumor activity.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2005

1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) is known as chloride chemicals and causes severe hepatotoxic agent. The Ito cells and Kupffer's cells of the liver in the 5 old F344 Rats were exposed to 1,3-DCP gas chamber for 6 hours/ a day, 5 days/ a week, and 13 weeks, in the 0, 5, 20, 80 ppm, respectively. After then the body weights, liver weights, and relative liver weight to body weight were measured, and the hepatic tissues were prepared by the routine and Immunostain method, and observed by the LM, and EM. In the results, there were severe body weight decrease (p<0.05) in the 80 ppm of the male and female rats. The relative liver weights to the body weight were increased relate with exposed 1,3-DCP concentration (P<0.001). Inflammatory cells, infiltration was observed at the perivascular area in the 20 ppm exposed group, and bilirubin pigment infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, inflammation hepatocytic necrosis, fibrosis were observed in the 80 ppm exposure group. In the 80 ppm exposure group, disarrangement of the endothelial cells, erythrocytes and hepatic cell fragment in the Disse space and numerous migration macrophages were observed in the necrotic area by EM observation. In the immunostained hepatic tissues positive stained ED1 cells were extremely increased (P<0.05) in central vein area, but ED2 was weakly positive immunostained in the 80 ppm exposed group. Immunostained desmin was observed in the Ito cell. It was no difference in the low and medium exposed group but it was typical increase in the necrotic area. In conclusion, These results suggest that NOAEL of 1,3-DCP may be 5 ppm in rats and the Immunostained of desmin, ED1 and ED2 positive cells activated in the inflammatory liver were related to the exposure volume and density. The increase of the Ito cells were related to the severe phagocytosis of the Kupffer's cells.