• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the free radical scavenging effect and antioxidant effect of Cham-Dang-Gui (Angelica gigas) on cyclophosphamide (CYP) injected rats. Rats were divided into five groups： CON (normal group), ANS (CYP-injected and normal diet group), AND (CYP-injected and normal diet and Cham-Dang-Gui-treated group), ALS (CYP-injected and low iron diet group), and ALD (CYP-injected and low iron diet and Cham-Dang-Gui-treated group). CYP (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to rats for early 3 days. Saline or Cham-Dang-Gui was administrated orally for entire experimental period. DPPH radical scavenger activity was measured by DPPH method, it was shown higher in methanol extract (81.5％) than in water extract (66.3％) of Cham-Dang-Gui. We observed the preventive effects of Cham-Dang-Gui on lipid oxidation of liver and protein oxidation of plasma. Hepatic SOD and catalase activities were significantly higher in CYP-injected group (ANS) than CON group, but SOD activity was slightly lowered in Cham-Dang-Gui treated group than CYP-injected group (ANS). These results suggest that extract of Cham-Dang-Gui could be useful for functional materials to reduce the oxidation of lipids and protein induced by free radicals.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to examine the radical scavenging activity of perilla and sesame oil that Koreans traditionally consume. For DPPH radical scavenging activity, oil and its hexane/70% methanol extracts (ME) are used and for superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, ME are used. Unrefined perilla oil, sesame oil, and refined sunflower oil are used. The yields for ME of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil are 0.57, 0.61, and 0.30%, respectively, and the amounts of phenolic compounds in ME of corresponding oil are 18.77, 88.64 and $0.05\;{\mu}g$ tannic acid/mg, respectively. $IC_{50}$ for DPPH scavenging activity of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil are 2.12, 1.91, and 3.35 mg/mL, respectively and those for ME of corresponding oils are 0.42, 0.07, and 43.11 mg/mL, respectively. In DPPH assay, the solvent used for oil sample is iso-octane and that for ME is methanol. Superoxide anion scavenging activity of ME of perilla, sesame and sunflower oil tested at 1 mg/mL concentration are 21.10, 13.25, and 3.14%, respectively. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of those samples tested at 1 mg/mL concentration are 86.08, 93.30, and 93.17%, respectively. In summary, the refining process seems to remove the phenolic compound during oil processing. Antiradical substances in perilla and sesame oils responsible for scavenging DPPH radicals are present in the methanol fraction, while the antiradical substances in the sunflower oil are in the lipid fraction. DPPH scavenging activity of ME of sesame oil is significantly higher than that of perilla oil (p<0.05). However, superoxide anion scavenging capacity of ME of perilla oils was found to be greater than that of both sesame and sunflower oils (p<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.3 s.150
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• pp.263-269
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• 2007

Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaeaceae) has been widely used in a traditional oriental medicine to treat bleeding, fever, diarrhea, hemorrhoid, sunstroke, dysentery and dizziness. The leaves of this plant were refluxed with methanol, and then fractionated with organic solvents to screen the antioxidant activity using DPPH radical. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed good DPPH radical scavenging effects and were carried out column chromatographies to isolate nine compounds. Their chemical structures were characterized as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), uracil (2), luteolin (3), quercetin $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (4), $rhamnetin 3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (5), $isorhamnetin 3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (6), $quercetin 3-O-{\beta}-D-glucuropyranoside$ (7), $quercetin 3-O-{\beta}β-D-xylofuranosyl(1{\rightarrow}2)-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$ (8), and adenine (9) by comparison NMR spectral data and with those in references. Compounds 1, 2, 5 and 9 were firstly isolated from this plant. Compounds 1, 3 and 4 showed potent DPPH radical scavenging activity. Especially, compound 3, luteolin showed the higher effect than ascorbic acid used as a positive control.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant effect of Cynomorium songaricum. The extract of Cynomorii Herba was studied for diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, HepG2 cell viability and $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity by a modified MTT assay. DPPH radical scavenging activity was measured after 30 minutes. The extract was tested by 1. 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentrations. HepG2 cell viability by a modified MTT assay was measured in the concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 ug/ml for 24 h. The results showed that the extract scavenged DPPH radical up to 52.2% with 50 ug/ml concentration. The extract did not reduced the cell viability and $H_2O_2-induced$ cytotoxicity (69.4%) was blocked by the extract in the concentrations of 50, 100, 250 and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$. In conclusion, the extract of Cynomorii Herba has potent antioxidant activity.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.565-570
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• 2018

In this study, the antioxidant was extracted from Broussonetia kazinokii using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and optimized by using a response surface methodology. The response value of the central composite design model establishes the extraction yield and the DPPH radical scavenging activity. The extraction time and temperature and volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water were selected as quantitative factors. When considering both the main and interaction effects, the factor having the greatest influence on the extraction yield and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was the volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water. The results of optimal extraction conditions were the extraction time (19.92 min), volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water (54.23%), and ultrasonic irradiation power (557.65 W). We could also obtained expected results of the yield = 38.93 wt% and DPPH radical scavenging activity = 55.33% under these conditions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.230-234
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• 2013

In the course of screening for antioxidant compounds by measuring the DPPH radical scavenging activity, a total extract of the aerial part of Trigonotis peduncularis (Boraginaceae) was found to show potent DPPH radical scavenging activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of T. peduncularis led to the isolation of seven compounds, kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), trigonotin A (3), astragalin (4), trigonotin C (5), kaempferol-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (6), and rutin (7) from the active ethyl acetate soluble fraction. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies. Among seven compounds, compounds 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7 were isolated for the first time from this plant, and compounds 2 and 7 showed the significant DPPH free radical scavenging activities.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.296-303
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• 2021

In this study, the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of Lindera obtusiloba flower fermentation extracts were identified. To evulate antioxidant activity and antioxidant concentration, polyphenol concentration measurements, flavonoid concentrations measurements, DPPH experiments, and ABTS experiments were conducted. In Flavonoids, DPPH and ABTS assay, antioxidant activity were increased after fermentation. At this time, the flavonoid concentration was 5.0%, the DPPH experiment showed 33.27% and the ABTS experiment showed 29.82% antioxidant increase. In the anti-inflammatory experiment, we conducted a cytotoxicity experiment and an anti-inflammatory experiment for LPS-induced inflammation. Cytotoxicity showed low cytotoxicity in both control and fermentation groups, but lower cytotoxicity in fermentation groups. In the case of NO production inhibition, fermented Lindera obtusiloba flowers showed an increase in anti-inflammatory activity by more than 50% compared to the control group, showing that they can be used as a cosmetic ingredient with anti-inflammatory function.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.335-349
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• 2022

To optimize the hydrolysis conditions in the production of antioxidant hydrolysates from tuna cooking juice concentrate (TC) to maximize the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, TC containing 48.91% protein was hydrolyzed with Alcalase 2.4 L, and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied. The optimum hydrolysis conditions included a 2.2% (w/v) Alcalase concentration and 281 min hydrolysis time, resulting in the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity of 66.49% (0.98 µmol Trolox/mg protein). The analysis of variance for RSM showed that hydrolysis time was an important factor that significantly affected the process (p < 0.05). The effects of different drying methods (freeze drying, hot air drying, and vacuum drying) on the DPPH radical scavenging activity and amino acid (AA) profiles of TC hydrolysate (TCH) were evaluated. Vacuum-dried TCH (VD) exhibited an increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity of 81.28% (1.20 µmol Trolox/mg protein). The VD samples were further fractionated by ultrafiltration. The AA profiles and antioxidant activities in terms of the DPPH radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and ferrous ion chelating activity were investigated. Glutamic acid, glycine, arginine, and cysteine were the major AAs found in the TCH fractions. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in the VD-1 fraction (< 5 kDa). The VD-3 fraction (> 10 kDa) exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The ferrous ion chelating activity was the highest in VD-1 and VD-2 (5 to 10 kDa). In conclusion, this study provided the optimal conditions to obtain high antioxidant activities through TCH production, and these conditions could provide a basis for the future application of TCH as a functional food ingredient.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.715-725
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• 2022

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are among the representative probiotics that have been used for a long time in fermented food. Although there are many studies on detecting the radical scavenging activity of LAB, few studies have been conducted on the environmental factors that improve scavenging activity. This study investigated the environmental factors affecting the DPPH radical scavenging and various antioxidant activities of Kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum K-21 with antihypertensive and radical scavenging activities. The optimal conditions for scavenging DPPH radicals were glucose 2%, bactopeptone 0.5%, Tween 80 0.05%, L-cysteine 0.05%, and an initial pH 6.5 at 35℃. Under optimal conditions, the DPPH radical scavenging activity was 94.8±2.2%, which was 1.5 times higher than that of the basic medium. In addition, L. plantarum K-21 had other antioxidant activities; ABTS radical scavenging (93.6±1.5%), hydroxyl radical scavenging (8.5±0.9%), metal chelating (65.9±0.5%), NO scavenging (53.1±19%), SOD-like (25.1±1.5%), and reducing power (11.7±1.4%) activities were detected. Therefore, L. plantarum K-21 may act not only as a starter for lactic acid-fermented foods with improved functionality but also as a drug for various diseases caused by oxidative stress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.289-294
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• 2012

Chrysanthemum morifolium (C. morifolium) is a perennial plant herb widely distributed in Korea and has been used in a traditional herbal remedy for various diseases. This study was conducted to determine antioxidant activities and antigenotoxic effect in water, acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts from white and yellow C. morifolium flowers (WC and YC). The antioxidants properties were evaluated on the basis of total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH radical-scavenging activity (RSA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. The highest TPC (5.09 g/100 g GAE) showed in YC methanol extract. The DPPH RSA activity of WC and YC water extracts increased as its concentration increase from 50 to 1000 mg/mL, respectively, and the lowest $IC_{50}$ of DPPH RAS showed in YC of $25^{\circ}C$. Also, WC solvent extracts showed significantly higher DPPH RSA than YC solvent extracts. The SOD-like activity of YC water extracts were higher than WC water extracts. And, YC acetone extract and WC methanol extract showed significantly higher SOD-like activity than WC acetone extract and YC methanol extract, respectively. The antigenotoxicity of WC and YC extracts were determined by measuring inhibitory effects of $H_2O_2$ induced DNA damage in human leukocytes using the comet assay, resulting that the ethanol extracts of WC and YC showed a significant antigenotoxic effect against oxidative stress. These results suggest that C. morifolium has significant antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.