• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.806-822
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• 2023

In the current study we assessed a new crystallized compound, 5-(1-hydroxybutyl)-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (C-HMMP), from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum acutatum residing in the medicinal plant Angelica sinensis for its in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antimalarial, and anti-proliferative properties. The promising compound was identified as C-HMMP through antimicrobial-guided fraction. The structure of C-HMMP was unambiguously confirmed by 2D NMR and HIRS spectroscopic analysis. Antimicrobial property testing of C-HMMP showed it to be effective against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi with MICs ranging from 3.9 to 31.25 ㎍/ml. The compound displayed excellent antibiofilm activity against C. albicans, S. aureus, and K. pneumonia. Furthermore, the antimalarial and radical scavenging activities of C-HMMP were clearly dosedependent, with IC50 values of 0.15 and 131.2 ㎍/ml. The anti-proliferative activity of C-HMMP against the HepG-2, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro was investigated by MTT assay, revealing notable anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 114.1, 90, and 133.6 ㎍/ml, respectively. Moreover, CHMMP successfully targets topoisomerase I and demonstrated beneficial anti-mutagenicity in the Ames test against the reactive carcinogenic mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF). Finally, the compound inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 144.7 and 118.6 ㎍/ml, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the identified compound C-HMMP was obtained for the first time from C. acutatum of A. sinensis, and this study demonstrated that C-HMMP has relevant biological significance and could provide better therapeutic targets against disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2012

The present study was performed to evaluate the relationship between the neurotoxicity of acrylamide and the differential gene expression pattern in mice. Both locomotor test and rota-rod test showed that the group treated with higher than 30 mg/kg/day of acrylamide caused impaired motor activity in mice. Based on cDNA microarray analysis of mouse brain, myelin basic protein gene, kinesin family member 5B gene, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 1 and its receptor genes were down-regulated by acrylamide. The genes are known to be essential for neurofilament synthesis, axonal transport, and neuroprotection, respectively. Interestingly, both FGF 1 and its receptor genes were down-regulated. Genes involved in nucleic acid binding such as AU RNA binding protein/enoyl-coA hydratase, translation initiation factor (TIF) 2 alpha kinase 4, activating transcription factor 2, and U2AF 1 related sequence 1 genes were down-regulated. More interesting finding was that genes of both catalytic and regulatory subunit of protein phosphatases which are important for signal transduction pathways were down-regulated. Here, we propose that acrylamide induces neurotoxicity by regulation of genes associated with neurofilament synthesis, axonal transport, neuro-protection, and signal transduction pathways.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.110-115
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• 1998

인삼 PD saponin(GPD)으로 배양한 고양이 말초혈액 단핵구세포(afNC) 배양상충 액에서 말초혈액 다형핵백혈구(PMNC)에 대한 interleukin(IL) 8 양 유주활성에 잔하여 검토 하였다. PMNC의 유주활성은 Hoyden chamber 변법으로 측정하였다. GPD를 첨가하여 배양 한 MNC배양상층액중에는 rMNC에 대한유주활성이 인정되었다. PMNC에 대하여 GPD 로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액중에 존재하는 유주활성이 IL 8 양 물질인지를 알아보기 위해 human recombinant IL 8을 이용하여 고양이 PMNC에 대해 유주팔성을 측정한 결과, GPD 로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액의 경우와 동등한 활성이 나타났다. Human IL 8 mAb를 사용하 여 GPD로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액중의 유주활성에 대한 중화반응을 살펴본 결과, GPD로 배양잔 MNC 배양상충액 및 human IL 8에 의해 증가되었던 PMNC의 유주활성은 IL 8 cAb의 첨가농토가 증가함에 따라 활성이 완전히 억제되었다. 또한 GPD로 배양한 고양이 MNC 배양상충액중의 유주활성은 열처리(4, 30, 37, 60 및 $100{\circ}C$) 및 산(pH 3.0)과 알카리 (pH 9.0)처리에도 안정성을 보여 human IL 8의 물리화학적 성상과 매우 유사하였다. 따라서 GPD로 배양한 MNC 배양상충액중에 존재하는 고양이 PMNC에 대한 유주활성은 feline IL 8 양 물질임을 강하게 시사하였다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

In this study, predictive mathematical models were developed to predict the kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes growth in the mixed fresh-cut vegetables, which is the most popular ready-to-eat food in the world, as a function of temperature (4, 10, 20 and $30^{\circ}C$). At the specified storage temperatures, the primary growth curve fit well ($r^2$=0.916~0.981) with a Gompertz and Baranyi equation to determine the specific growth rate (SGR). The Polynomial model for natural logarithm transformation of the SGR as a function of temperature was obtained by nonlinear regression (Prism, version 4.0, GraphPad Software). As the storage temperature decreased from $30^{\circ}C$ to $4^{\circ}C$, the SGR decreased, respectively. Polynomial model was identified as appropriate secondary model for SGR on the basis of most statistical indices such as mean square error (MSE=0.002718 by Gompertz, 0.055186 by Baranyi), bias factor (Bf=1.050084 by Gompertz, 1.931472 by Baranyi) and accuracy factor (Af=1.160767 by Gompertz, 2.137181 by Baranyi). Results indicate L. monocytogenes growth was affected by temperature mainly, and equation was developed by Gompertz model (-0.1606+$0.0574^*Temp$+$0.0009^*Temp^*Temp$) was more effective than equation was developed by Baranyi model (0.3502-$0.0496^*Temp$+$0.0022^*Temp^*Temp$) for specific growth rate prediction of L.monocytogenes in the mixed fresh-cut vegetables.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 1983

The formation of strontium titanate from several molar $SrCO_3$ and $TiO_2$ mixtures was studied in air and $CO_2$ gas Mixtures of $SrCO_3$ and $TiO_2$ were heated in air at 400-$600^{\circ}C$ DTA-TG was used to obtain thermal histories of simples heated in air and $CO_2$ gas. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine both the phase composition and the amounts of each phase present. The phase relationship of various compounds $SrTiO_3$, $Sr_2TiO_4$, $Sr_2Ti_3O_7$ and $Sr_4Ti_3O_{10}$ formed by the sintering in each composition was shown by the calibration curves. High temperature X-ray analysis was used to determine both the formation process and deformation process of each products. Small amount of SrTiO3 is formed first at the surface af contact SrTiO3 reacts with $SrCO_3$ to form Sr2TiO4 this is affected on the $CO_2$ pressure.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2015

In this study, experimental research was carried out to evaluate and improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete beam-column joint regions using strengthening materials (CFRP sheet, AFRP sheet, embedded CFRP rod) in existing reinforced concrete structure. Therefore it was constructed and tested seven specimens retrofitting the beam-column joint regions using such retrofitting materials. Specimens, designed by retrofitting the beam-column joint regions of existing reinforced concrete structure, were showed the stable failure mode and increase of load-carrying capacity due to the effect of crack control at the times of initial loading and confinement of retrofitting materials during testing. Specimens LBCJ-CRUS, designed by the retrofitting of CFRP Rod and CFRP Sheet in reinforecd beam-column joint regions were increased its maximum load carrying capacity by 1.54 times and its energy dissipation capacity by 2.36 times in comparison with standard specimen LBCJ for a displacement ductility of 4 and 7. And Specimens LBCJ-CS, LBCJ-AF series were increased its energy dissipation capacity each by 2.04~2.34, 1.63~3.02 times in comparison with standard specimen LBCJ for a displacement ductility of 7.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2008

Objective: This study was performed to identify the characteristics of the MSX1 gene (locus chromosome 4p16) in Korean nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CL/P), which is assumed to be a major candidate gene acting as a causal factor in nonsyndromic CL/P and missing teeth. Methods: The 36 individuals (23 males and 13 females) who had visited the department of orthodontics at from 1998 to 2002 and who had nonsyndromic CL/P were included in the study. Using a PCR-based assay, the MSX1 gene was amplified, sequenced, and searched for inferred protein products (Reference: Homo sapiens MSX1, accession number AF426432 and NP_002439). The common single nucleotide polymorph isms were observed. Results: In exon 1, nucleotide "A" of the 253 basepair (bp) region was substituted for "G", and in the 255 bp region, nucleotide "G" was inserted. In exon 2, nucleotide "C" of the 11 bp region was substituted for "A", and "T" or "G" was inserted into the 351 bp region whereas "T" or "A" was inserted into the 352 bp region. In protein analysis, "Thr85Ala" missense mutation was found. The "Thr85Ala" missense mutation in this study is different from those of studies using subjects of other races. Conclusions: The results suggest that there is specific mutation of MSX1 in Korean and it plays an important role in Korean nonsyndromic CL/P. However, any distinct genetic polymorphisms between CL/P with missing teeth in the cleft region and CL/P without missing teeth could not be found.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.61-69
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• 2010

S.M.C (DSME), only operating gold mine in Korea, is processing about 160 ton/day to recover gold and more than 150 ton/day of tailing is produced. Some portion of the tailings are used as a filler material after drying, but most of them are stored on the tailing dam. As a result of chemical analysis by a fire assay method, it contained Au 1.5~2.0 g/ton and 225~300 g per day of gold is getting discarded. It is urgent to develop a technology to recover and reutilize Au. In the present study, flotation tests were carried out to recovery gold for the tailings. Test results show that products with gold grade 21.31 g/ton(Au grade) and 62.73% (Au recovery) were obtained under the optimal conditions including KAX addition rate 97.2 g/ton, frother AF 65 (0.248 l/ton) and depressant sodium silicate (4 kg/ton), it's possible to recover one of the most valuable metal Au, by re-feeding to rougher flotation.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.10-18
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• 1995

Recycling of GaAs scrap which occurs durmg the manufachre of GaAs waters is. therefore, required to solve the environmentalproblcrns caused by arsenic metal and to reutilize gallium which is a expensive metal. A thema-analyticalstudy (thermogravimeg. and derivative thermogravimetry) tor the evaporation behavior of Fa, As from Gak\ulcorner scrap powdersat vacuum atmosphere(2-2.5X 10'mmHg); was primarily performed to identi j the possibility of Ga extraction. Until79YC, the weight change of G d s porvder does not take place, at 800-970C range GaAs vaporizes as the GaAs compound,and over 1WO"C it decamposes mto Ga and As md then As vaporizes rapidly as a result of the difference af vaporprcssure for Ga and As, liquid Ga rcmains eventually.mains eventually.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2013

The objective of present study was to simultaneously isolate of isoflavone and soyasaponin compounds from the germ of soybean seeds. Soy germ flours were defatted with hexane for 48h at room temperature, and methanolic extracts were prepared using reflux apparatus at $90^{\circ}C$ for 6h, two times. After extraction, extracts were separated with preparative RP-$C_{18}$ packing column ($125{\AA}$, $55-105{\mu}m$, $40{\times}150mm$), and collected 52 fractions were identified with TLC plate (Kieselgel 60 F-254) and HPLC, respectively. Among the identified isoflavone and soyasaponin fractions, isoflavone fractions were re-separated using a recycling HPLC with gel permeation column (Jaigel-W252, $20{\times}500mm$). Final fractions were air-dried, and the purified compounds of two isoflavones (ISF-1-1, ISF-1-2) and four soyasaponins (SAP-1, SAP-2, SAP-3, SAP-4) were obtained. Two isoflavone compounds (ISF-1-1, ISF-1-2) were acid-hydrolyzed for the identification of their aglycones, and confirmed by comparing with 12 types of isoflavone isomers. While the four kinds of soyasaponins were identified by using a micro Q-TOF mass spectrometer in the ESI positive mode with capillary voltage of 4.5kV, and dry temperature of $200^{\circ}C$. Base on the obtained results, it was conclude that ISF-1-1 is the mixture isomers of daidzin (43.4%), glycitin (47.0%), and genistin (9.6%), but ISF-1-2 is the single compound of genistin (99.8% <). On the other hand, soyasaponin SAP-1 is the mixture compounds of soyasaponin A-group (Aa, Ab, Ac, Ae, Af); SAP-2 is soyasaponin B-group (Ba, Bb, Bc) and E-group (Bd, Be); SAP-3 is soyasaponin B-group (Ba, Bb, Bc), E-group (Bd, Be), and DDMP-group (${\beta}g$); SAP-4 is soyasaponin B-group (Ba, Bb, Bc), E-group (Bd, Be), and DDMP-group (${\beta}g$, ${\beta}a$), respectively.