• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

The classifying distribution by the action style was opticion 100, photoartist 100, college student 100 for the simple myopic 35%, for the simple myopic astigmatism 2%, for the compound myopic astigmatism 30.6% for the mixed astigmatism 62.6% for the compound hyperopic astigmatism 37.4% for the ratio of emmetropia 22.4% respectively. The retractive erroreye were -0.50~-2.00Dptr for the simple myopia 14%, -2.00~-6.00Dptr 16%, -6.00Dptr 5%, C-0.25(90.180)~C-2.00DptrAxis(90, 180) 2% for the simple myopicastigmatismS-0.25C-0.25DptrAxis(90, 180)~S-1.00C-1.00DptrAxis (90, 180) 22.6%, S-1.00C-1.00 DptrAxis (90, 180)~S-2.00C-2.00DptrAxis(90, 180) 8% for the compound myopic astigmatism. S+0.25C -0.25DptrAxis(90, 180)~S+2.00C-2.00DptrAxis(90,180) 6.2% for the mixed astigmatism. S+0.25C+0.25DptrAxis(90,180)~S+1.00C+1.00DptrAxis(90,180) 3.4%, S+1.00C+1.00DptrAxis(90,180)~S+2.00C+2.00DptrAxis(90,180) 0.34% for the compound hyperopic astigmatism.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2001

The classifying distribution by the Spherical lens and Aspherical lens was middle myopic, middle myopic astigmatism middle mixed astigmatism compared. The refractive erroeye spherical lens were S-3.00 ~ S-6.00Dptr for the middle myopic 16%, S-6.00Dptr 19%, S-3.00C-0.50(90.180) ~ S-6.00C-2.00Asix(90.180)57%, S-3.00C+0.50(90.180) ~ S-6.00C+2.00Axis(90.180) 8% for the compound myopic astigmatism. Aspherical lens were S-3.00 ~ S-6.00Dptr for the middle myopic 31%, S-6.00Dptr 36%, S-3.00C-0.50(90.180) ~ S-300C-2.00Axis(90.180) 21%, S-3.00C+0.50(90.180) ~ S-3.00C+2.00Axis(90.180)12%, for the compound hyperopic astigmatism.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.310-318
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• 2011

The main objective of this study was to manufacture black onions using different methods, and to analyze the color and physiological and antioxidant activities of their water extracts. Black onions were produced via high-temperature aging (70, 80, and $90^{\circ}C$). At $90^{\circ}C$, onions with different weights (large, 90-L; medium, 90-M; and small, 90-S) and small onions with different appearances (whole, 90-S-W; cut, 90-S-C; and peeled, 90-S-P) were also produced. The colorimetry measurements showed that the extract from the 90-S-C black onion had the highest ${\Delta}E$ value among all the extracts from all the black onion groups. The extract from the 90-S-C black onion had a 3.3 times higher total phenol content than that from the $70^{\circ}C$ black onion extract (11.62 and 3.51 mg/g, respectively). The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the extracts from 90-S-W, 90-S-C, and 90-S-P were higher than those of the other black onion extracts, and the 90-S-C black onion extract had the highest level of 48.3% (at the concentration of 10 mg/ml). The 90-S-C black onion extract also had the highest level of antioxidant activities (ABTS radical scavenging activity, 0.84 mg AA eq/100 g, and nitrite scavenging ability, 49.8%). These results clearly demonstrated that 90-S-C was the best among the conditions used and that the water extract of the 90-S-C black onions had a significantly higher level of antioxidant activities than the extracts from the other black onions.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.557-564
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• 1995

The 90 kDa-heat shock protein (HSP90) is one of the major ubiquitous heat shock proteins induced by a vadety of ceilular stresses. HSP90 Is constitutively synthesized even under nonstressed condidons and found In association with several regulatory and structural proteins such as protein kinases and steroid hormone receptors. In the present study, to facilitate its biochemical characterization, HSP90 was pudfied from chick muscle by sequential column chromatography steps including DEAE- cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and monoclonal antillodies specific to HSP90 were produced by the inurine hybridomal technique. We report the production of 4 posItive hybridoma clones, named as A204, C112, C302 and A204, C112, C302. Among these MoAbs, Cl 12 strongly reconnized chick HSP90 in Western blot and native immunoprocipitation. In addition, C112 showed the crossreactivitles against HSP90 from human, rabbit, mouse, fish and chick but not from Drosophila and E. coil.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.881-884
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• 1999

We have studied the other unit which is partial element in fullerene $C_{90}$. The energy of the higher fullerene increased by 5.6 kcal/mol for each $1.0{\beta}$ of planarity for the other units and increased by 11.0 kcal/mol for each $2C_1$ other unit at RHF/AM1 method. Therefore, we have known that the stable $C_{90}$ isomer do not have $C_1$ unit in other unit and have small planarity. The confirmable $C_{90}$ isomers by experiment satisfies these two conditions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.144-152
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• 2009

This paper propose highly miniaturized active $90^{\circ}C$ phase difference power divider and combiner for application to wireless communication system. The conventional passive $90^{\circ}C$ power divider and combiner cannot be integrated on MMIC because of their very large circuit size. Therefore, the highly miniaturized active $90^{\circ}C$ phase difference power divider and combiner are required for a development of highly integrated MMIC. In this paper, the highly miniaturized active $90^{\circ}C$ phase difference power divider and combiner employing InGaAs/GaAs HBT were designed, fabricated on GaAs substrate. According to the results, the circuit size of fabricated active $90^{\circ}C$ phase difference power divider and combiner were $1.67{\times}0.87$ mm and $2.42{\times}1.05$ mm, respectively, which were 31.6% and 2.2% of the size of conventional passive branch-line coupler. The output gain division characteristic of proposed divider circuit showed 8.4 dB and 7.9 dB respectively, and output phase difference characteristic showed $-89.3^{\circ}C$. The output gain coupling characteristic of proposed combiner circuit showed 9.4 dB and 10.5 dB respectively, and output phase difference characteristic showed $-92.6^{\circ}C$. The highly miniaturized active $90^{\circ}C$ phase difference power divider and combiner exhibited good RF performances compared with the conventional passive branch-line coupler.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.210-214
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• 2007

The 90-kDa heat shock protein (HSP90) normally functions as a molecular chaperone participating in folding and stabilizing newly synthesized proteins, and refolding denatured proteins. The HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) occupies the ATP/ADP binding pocket of HSP90 so inhibits its chaperone activity and causes subsequent degradation of HSP90 client proteins by proteasomes. Here we show that GA reduces the level of endogenous c-Jun in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells in a time and dose dependent manner, and that this decrease can be reversed by transfection of HSP90 plasmids. Transfection of HSP90 plasmids in the absence of GA increases the level of endogenous c-Jun protein, but has no obvious affect on c-Jun mRNA levels. We also showed that HSP90 prolongs the half-life of c-Jun by stabilizing the protein; the proteasome inhibitor N-benzoyloxycarbonyl (Z)-Leu-Leu-leucinal (MG132) blocks the degradation of c-Jun promoted by GA. Transfection of HSP90 plasmids did not obviously alter phosphorylation of c-Jun, and a Jun-2 luciferase activity assay indicated that over-expression of HSP90 elevated the total protein activity of c-Jun in HEK293 cells. All our evidence indicates that HSP90 stabilizes c-Jun protein, and so increases the total activity of c-Jun in HEK293 cells.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 2015

The Apostichopus japonicus is an important species in some Asia countries including Korea, China and Japan. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the differential gene expression of heat shock protein90 (Hsp90) and ferritin as a biomarker for the thermal stress during water temperature rising in the sea cucumber, A. japonicus. The A. japonicus (1.4 g) was cultured in incubator of separate temperature ($15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$) for each 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 hours. The mRNA expression levels of Hsp90 and ferritin were examined using RT-PCR assay. Results showed that, the expression of Hsp90 mRNA was not significantly changed at $15^{\circ}C$. The expression of Hsp90 mRNA was significantly increased at high temperature such as $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, Hsp90 mRNA was early increased at $25^{\circ}C$ than $20^{\circ}C$. The ferritin mRNA was similar expression pattern with Hsp90. But, Hsp90 mRNA was more sensitive than ferritin mRNA at high thermal stress. These results indicate that Hsp90 and ferritin mRNAs were involved in the temperature changes response and may be play an important role in mediating the thermal stress in A. japonicas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.10
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• pp.1531-1537
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the quality characteristics of Takju under different storage temperatures ($4^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$) and alcohol contents (6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%) during 90 days of storage. The counts of yeast were lower in Takju samples stored at $4^{\circ}C$ than in those stored at $20^{\circ}C$ after 90 days of storage. No significant differences were observed for total acidity and free amino acid contents in Takju stored at $4^{\circ}C$ during 90 days of storage. Lactic acid contents in Takju stored at $4^{\circ}C$ changed little after 90 days of storage from 1,883.5 mg/L to 1,914.6 mg/L, whereas those in Takju stored at $20^{\circ}C$ increased to 4,736.1 mg/L after storage. Free amino acid contents in Takju stored at $20^{\circ}C$ increased after 90 days of storage regardless of alcohol content. Thus, we concluded that the shelf-life of Takju could be extended more than 30 days, currently the most common shelf-life of Takju, when stored at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2006

The objective of the present study was to investigate the expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and 70 (HSP70) mRNA as cellular stress responses, the levels of plasma cortisol with glucose as neuro-endocrine stress responses during water temperature rising in freshwater adapted black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. A cDNA fragment of 891 (HSP90) and 465 (HSP70) bp was cloned from black porgy testis by Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers designed from the conserved regions of other teleost. The PCR product of HSP90 showed very high homology to red seabream (99%), rainbow trout (95%), Atlantic salmon (94%), zebrafish (94%) HSP90, HSP70 of black porgy was also highly similar to those of rainbow trout (96%), silver seabream (95%), zebrafish (95%) HSP70. Water temperature rising ($20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) induced elevation of HSP90 mRNA in black porgy gonad, liver, brain, intestine and kidney, whereas it resulted in an induction of the HSP70 mRNA expression in gonad only. Plasma cortisol levels increased significantly at $30^{\circ}C$ in the fish compared to those at $20^{\circ}C$. Glucose levels of the fish showed a tendency of co-increase with cortisol during water temperature rising. These results suggest that increased HSP90 mRNA in liver with plasma cortisol following heat shock may be related to increasing glucose for homeostasis in this species.