• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.174-180
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• 1983

The matrix changes and graphite formation in high manganese cast iron (Fe-12Mn-3.5C) are studied with increasing nickel and silicon content. Also, the decomposition of carbides and graphite precipitation are studied by adequate heat treatment.The results obtained in this work are as follows. 1. In high manganese cast iron, fine flakes graphite appeared by adding 5 wt% nickel and A-type flakes graphite can be obtained by adding 7 wt% nickel. 2. Nodular graphite are obtained by graphite spheroidizing treatment with same melt. 3. In high manganese cast iron containing 7 wt% nickel, full austenitic matrix with nodular graphite can be achieved by water quenching after 10 hours' solution heat treatment at $1050^{\circ}C$ in case of containing 2.0 wt% silicon, and 6 hours' at the same temperature in case of containing 2.5 wt% silicon.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.178-182
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• 1992

내경 1.6cm, 길이 50cm의 알루미나 세라믹 방전관을 사용하여 방전전극간의 거리가 45cm인 공쟁식 방전가열형 구리증기레이저를 제작하였다. 방전가열 및 여기를 위한 6kV, 500mA 정격의 직류 고전압 전원장치, 1.8H의 중전 인덕터와 5nF의 에너지저장 캐패시터를 포함하는 resonant charging 방식의 고전압 충전회로와 1-7kHz 범위의 펄스반복률로 동작하는 thyratron 구동회로가 각각 설계 제작되었다. 개발된 레이저장치는 방전관의 온도 $1350^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 발진을 시작하였고, 충전전압 12kV, 펄스반복률 4.5kHz, 네온완충기체압력 50mbar, 동작온도 $1460^{\circ}C$일 때 0.7W의 최대평균 출력을 얻었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.575-584
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• 2021

Objective : Cervical expansive laminoplasty is an effective surgical method to address multilevel cervical spinal stenosis. During surgery, the spinous processes of C2 and C7 are usually preserved to keep the insertion points of the cervical musculature and nuchal ligament intact. In this regard, dome-like laminectomy (undercutting of C7 lamina) instead of laminoplasty is performed on C7 in selected cases. However, resection of the lamina can weaken the C7 lamina, and stress fractures may occur, but this complication has not been characterized in the literature. The objective of the present study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors for C7 laminar fracture after C7 dome-like laminectomy and its impact on clinical and radiological outcomes. Methods : Patients who underwent cervical open-door laminoplasty combined with C7 dome-like laminectomy (n=123) were classified according to the presence of C7 laminar fracture. Clinical parameters (neck/arm pain score and neck disability index) and radiologic parameters (C2-7 angle, C2-7 sagittal vertical axis, and C7-T1 angle) were compared between the groups preoperatively and at postoperatively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Risk factors for complications were evaluated, and a formula estimating C7 fracture risk was suggested. Results : C7 lamina fracture occurred in 32/123 (26%) patients and occurred at the bilateral isthmus in 29 patients and at the spinolaminar junction in three patients. All fractures appeared on X-ray within 3 months postoperatively, but patients did not present any neurological deterioration. The fracture spontaneously healed in 27/32 (84%) patients at 1 year and in 29/32 (91%) at 2 years. During follow-up, clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the groups. However, patients with C7 fractures showed a more lordotic C2-7 angle and kyphotic C7-T1 angle than patients without C7 fractures. C7 fracture was significantly associated with the extent of bone removal. By incorporating significant factors, the probability of C7 laminar fracture could be assessed with the formula 'Risk score = 1.08 × depth (%) + 1.03 × length (%, of the posterior height of C7 vertebral body)', and a cut-off value of 167.9% demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 65.1% (area under the curve, 0.81). Conclusion : C7 laminar fracture can occur after C7 dome-like laminectomy when a substantial amount of lamina is resected. Although C7 fractures may not cause deleterious clinical outcomes, they can lead to an unharmonized cervical curvature. The chance of C7 fracture should be discussed in the shared decision-making process.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2001

We have reported that water-extracted Korean mistletoe (KM-110) had various biological activities such as antitumor and immunomodulatory activity, and the pectin fraction (KML-C) of the extract was one of major factors related to its biological functions. In this paper, we produced murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) against KML-C. The cAbs obtained were largely classified into two groups according to specificity to KML-C and ML-I, a pectin from European mistletoe. One group mAbs (9H7-D10 and 3C2-lH4) strongly reacted with KML-C, but not ML-I. In contrast, another group cAbs (8Bll-2C5, BE12-3E9 and 5E10-Fl) reacted with both KML-C and ML-1. The subisotypes of these mobs were shown to be IgGl (9H7-lD10, 3C2-lH4 and 8Bll-2C5) or IgM (8E12-3E9 and 5E10-Fl). To develop an assay system for determination of the amount of KML-C, we established the sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method using these mAbs and horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled cAbs. In various combinations of the cAbs for coated antibody and detection antibody, the sandwich ELISA quantitatively detected KML-C, showing the detection limit ranging from 7-5,000 ng/ml. Especially reproducibility (C.V) of the sandwich ELISA, in which 8E12-3E9 was used for coating antibody and 8Bll-2C5-HRP for detection antibody, was 4.59-5.83 in intra assay, and 3.9-9.4 in inter assay.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.375-390
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• 2003

인디움 (In)으로 완전히 이온교환 된 제올라이트 A (In-A)를 $350^{\circ}C$에서 6일 동안 안티몬(Sb)과 반응시켰다. 생성물은 EPXMA (electron-probe X-ray microanalysis)를 이용하여 관찰하였다. 인디움으로 이온교환 된 제올라이트 A (In-A)에 안티몬 (Sb)을 흡착시켜 얻은 생성물의 결정구조는 $21^{\circ}C$에서 입방공간군 Pm ${\bar{3}}m$으로 단결정 X-선 회절법을 이용하여 결정하였다. 생성물 $In_8Si_{12}Al_{12}O_{48}{\cdot}(In)_{1.35}(Sb)_{0.7}$ ($a=12.111(2){{\AA}}$, $R_1=0.071$, $R_2=0.067$)은 단위세포당 8개의 인디움 양이온들, 1.35개의 인디움 원자들, 그리고 0.7개의 안티몬 원자들을 가지고 있었다. 단위세포 1 ($In_8-A{\cdot}In$, 단위세포의 65%)에는 $(In_5)^{8+}$ 클러스터가 존재하였다. 단위세포 2 ($In_8-A{\cdot}(In)_2(Sb)_2$, 단위세포의 35%)에는 두 개의 $(In_3)^{2+}$ 클러스터와 한 개의 $(In_3Sb_2)^{7+}$ 클러스터가 large cavity 내에서 발견되었다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 1990

1,3-Diazatricyclo (5.2.1.O5.10) decade-2,4dione, C8H10N2O2의 단위세포 상수는a=6.585(7), b=9.089(4), c=12.937(10)A, β=95.72(5)˚, V=770.43, Dc=1.4391c0, 1=1.Ocm-1,7 =295 ˚K, 공간군은 P21/n이고 단사 정계이며 Z =4이 다. λ(Mo K u ) =0.7093A을 사용한 698개 의 회절 반점에 대한 최종 신뢰도 R값은 0.037이다. 본 화합물은 N1-(w-butenyl)uracil의 분자내 (2+2) 광고리화 반응 생성물이며, (5.1. 2.O5.10) tricyclic 계에 속한다. Inversion symmetry에 의해 관련된 한 쌍의 분자들은 uracil 부분의 02와H3간 의 강한 수소 결합을 하고있다

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 황백을 포함한 총 14가지의 한약재를 증류 추출하여 얻은 시료(A.C.C. 추출물)의 항염증 활성을 확인하고 임상적인 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 이를 위해, Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)로 자극한 RAW 264.7세포에서 세포가 방출하는 nitric oxide(NO) 생성량과 염증성 사이토카인인 tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin(IL)-$1{\beta}$ 및 IL-6 생성량의 변화를 확인하였다. 그 결과, A.C.C. 추출물은 세포 독성없이 LPS가 증가시킨 NO와 염증성 사이토카인들의 생성을 강력하게 억제하였다. 또한, A.C.C. 추출물은 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans 등의 세균들에서 99.9%의 강력한 세균 감소율을 보여 주었다. 이는 A.C.C. 추출물이 항염증 효과와 함께 강력한 항균 효과를 가진 유효한 성분인 것을 의미한다. 또한, 기저귀 발진, 가려움증, 땀띠 증상을 겪고 있는 영 유아에게 A.C.C. 추출물을 도포하였을 때, 발진, 아토피, 짓무름, 가려움증, 땀띠 등의 증상 개선 효과를 나타내었으며, 영 유아 피부의 땀띠가 2주일 경과 후 상당히 완화된 것을 육안으로 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 A.C.C. 추출물이 임상적으로도 항염증 및 항균작용을 통하여 기저귀 발진 및 땀띠 등의 증상을 완화 시키는 물질임을 확실히 한 것이다. 그러므로, A.C.C. 추출물이 염증성 질환에 대한 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
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• pp.463-466
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• 2001

In recent year, Ferroelectric $BLT(Bi_{4-x}La_{x}Ti_{3}O_{12})$ is a promising candidate materials. This study was practiced to make good conditions of BL T targets. In this study, calcination and sintering temperature were kept at $750^{\circ}C$, $1100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hour respectively. the density obtained 7.612, 7.98, $7.877g/cm^{3}$ as $La_{2}O_{3}$ contents were 0.0mol%, 0.25mol%, 0.5mol%. Especially, the lanthanum content of 0.5 mol% measured C-axis (117) preferred orientation more than the others targets in the XRD. In $\varepsilon_{r}-f$ relationship using by HP 4194 A impedance analyzer, the 0.5 mol% observed above 200 relative dielectric constant. but the dissipation factor was higher than others targets at 100Hz~13MHz range. SEM photograph with the content of $La_{2}O_{3}$ was observed like rod and plate types.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.463-466
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• 2001

In recent year, Ferroelectric BLT($Bi_{4-x}$La$_{x}$Ti$_3$O$_{12}$) is a promising candidate materials. This study was Practiced to make good conditions of BLT targets. In this study, calcination and sintering temperature were kept at 75$0^{\circ}C$, 110$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 hour respectively. the density obtained 7.612, 7.98, 7.877 g/㎤ as La$_2$O$_3$ contents were 0.0mol%, 0.25mo1%, 0.5mol%. Especially, the lanthanum content of 0.5 mol% measured C-axis (117) preferred orientation more than the others targets in the XRD. In $\varepsilon$$_{r}$-f relationship using by HP 4194 A impedance analyzer, the 0.5 mol% observed above 200 relative dielectric constant. but the dissipation factor was higher than others targets at 100Hz~13MHz range. SEM photograph with the content of La$_2$O$_3$ was observed like rod and plate types.types.s.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 1999

총채벌레류의 포식성 천적으로 알려진 Orius strigicollis(Poppius)의 발육과 산란에 미치는 온도의 영향을 조사하기 위한 실험조건은 처리온도 15, 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 60~80%, 광주기 16L:8D로 조절하였으며, 먹이는 목화 진딧물을 급여하였다. 처리온도별 총산란수와 성충수명은 각각 39.1, 66.4, 68.5, 47.5개와 32.6, 26.5, 13.7, 9.0일이었으며, 알기간과 부화율은 각각 18.9, 8.6, 6.1, 3.4일과 70.6, 81.8, 80.0, 91.8%이었고, 약충의 발육기간과 생존율은 각각 45.6, 21.3, 11.6, 9.4일과 26.7, 43.3, 76.7, 46.7%였다. 발육영점온도는 알 $12.4^{\circ}C$, 약충 $11.4^{\circ}C$였고, 유효적산온도는 알 64.9일도, 약충 172.4일도이다.