• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.245-252
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• 1995

To select a carrier as Rhizobiwn inoculants for alfalfa, severeal Rhizobium inoculants were produced by adding or not sub-materials($CaCO_3$ and sucrose) to main materials(organic or inorganic materials). The root nodule bacteria, Rhizobium meliloti 1061 distributed from KAIST, and Vemal alfalfa was used in this experiment. The Rhizobium populations and inoculation effects of the Rhizobium inoculants produced in several materials were scrutinized at laboratory and greenhouse in Livestock Experiment Station, RDA from 1993 to 1994. Moisture contents of the caniers were varied from 32 to 50% on dry weight basis according to material characteristics and the pH ranges of these were varied from pH 4.56 to 10.06 according to raw material characteristics and preparations. Initial Rhizobium numbers of the carriers were higher in organic material-inoculants than in inorganic, and among the inoculants, the inoculant made of Bentonite+Vermiculite(l:3 w/w) was excellent because of high rhizobium population($7.8~8.3\times10^8/g$ inoculant) and high rhizobium reappearance of inoculant in severed different production time. The root nodules of the alfalfa inoculated with different inoculants were fast formed in the fermented sawdust with cattle dung (FSC) inoculant, and bentonite(B)+vermiculite(V) than others. Plant length of alfalfa was differentiated on 15 days after inoculation but was not nearly different between higher inoculants than rhizobium number $10^7/g$ inoculant. Total dry matter of alfalfa was yielded by 20.65, 20.34mg per pot in FSC + sucrose 0.5% and B + V + sucrose 1% inoculants respectively that were higher inoculation effect by 17 times compared with non-inoculation, 1.2 mg per pot.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2000

This study was carried out to determine a fertilization rate for productivity and nutritive value improvement of silage corn, using two kinds of composts, and to examine the potential possibility of utilization as an organic fertilizer. The experiment was conducted on the field plot at Gongiam, Kwangju, Kyunggi-Do for 3 years, from 1996 to 1998, and arranged in split-plot design with three replications. The main plots were two kinds of composts such as swine manure fermented with sawdust (SMFWS) and swine manure fermented without sawdust (SMF). Subplots were the nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400kgN/ha/year). The dry matter (DM) yield increased as the nitrogen fertilization rate increased up to a rate of 300 kg N/ha, but decreased at rate of 400 kg N/ha. Dry matter yield in SMFWS treatment was higher than that of SMF treatment, but there was no significant difference between SMFWS and SMF treatments. Net energy for lactation (NEI) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) in corn increased as the fertilization rate of SMFWS and SMF increased, and crude protein (CP) content increased by the fertilization of SMFWS and SMF. No difference of CP, NEI and TDN was found between SMFWS and SMF treatments.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 1995

'Ihis experiment was carried out to select a carrier as rhizobium inoculant for alfalfa. The Rhizobium inoculants were produced in main materials(organic and inorganic materials) and submaterial(Ca$CO_3$, and sucrose), and than the changes of Rhizobium population of inoculants were scrutinized from directly after the production to 12 months at $4^{\circ}$C and $25^{\circ}$C. Directly after the production of inoculants, their Rhizobium numbers were 4-9 $\times$ $10^9$/ginoculant in organic materials and 1-8 $\times$ $10^8$/g inoculant in inorganic materials. When they were stored at $25^{\circ}$C, most of inoculants was being started in reduction of rhizobium numbers after 2 months and was reduced by tenfold of initial rhizobium number after 4-6 months, but inoculant of bentonite+ vermiculite+sucrose 1% was not reduced by tenfold after 12 months. When they were stored at $4^{\circ}$C, most of inoculants was being started in reduction of rhizobium numbers after 4 months but was not reduced by tenfold of initial rhizobium number after 12 months, and the effect of sucrose addition to bentonite+ vermiculik did nearly not appear. Preservation of Rhizobium inoculants was more effective at 4C than 25 C . 'Ihe Rhizobium inoalant produced in bentonite+vermiculite(l:3 w/w)+ sucrose 1% was not only high Rhizobium population(8.3 $\times$ $10^8$/g inoculant) but also survival effect of rhizobium in being stored at $25^{\circ}$C.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

In this energy and environment conscious age, methanol has come to attention increasingly since the well established process is commercially available to produce methanol from abundant low grade carbonaceous resources ; methane, carbon dioxide, coal and biomass etc. Methanol is a Clean energy source which is a readily storable and transportable liquid. It is elaborated to correlate power generation, city gas and chemical feed stocks including transportation fuel, enhancing the national efficiency of resource utilization as well as reducing the environmental problems for the future via C1 technology. It is emphasized that $CO_2$ could be used to produce methanol as a mean of hydrogen storage as in the nature, which will alleviate the environmental problem such as green house effect.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2010

As the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP) was completed in 2005 and opened to the public, many countries are making a lot of investments in researches on the utilization of sequence information along with system development. Also, the necessity of the functional genomics researches using microarray is increased currently to secure unique genes related with major agricultural traits and analyze metabolic pathways. Microrarray enables efficient analysis of large scale gene expression and related transcription regulation. This review aims to introduce available microarrays made based on rice genome information and current status of gene expression analysis using these microarrays integrated with the databases available to the public. Also, we introduce the researches on the large scale functional analysis of genes related with useful traits and genetic networks. Understanding of the mechanism related with mutual interaction between proteins with co-expression among rice genes can be utilized in the researches for improving major agricultural traits. The direct and indirect interactions of various genes would provide new functionality of rice. The recent results of the various expression profiling analysis in rice will promote functional genomic researches in plants including rice and provide the scientists involved in applications researches with wide variety of expression informations.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.175-182
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• 2007

Geothermal-energy has been getting popular as a natural energy source for green buildings these days. As a result Geothermal Source Heat Pump System (GSHPs) was being recognized effective alternative systems to conventional heating and cooling systems owing to their higher energy utilization efficiency. But GSHPs has not been popularized thereby the large amount of initial cost of the system and insufficiency of studies for economic estimation. Therefore GSHPs are being developed to make up for the weak points that are the large amount of initial cost of the system and much annual electricity consumption. In this paper, economic estimation was conducted by payback period method and it shows that the pay back period of Heat Storage Type GSHPs was calculated 6.8 years compared with the absorption Chiller-Heater system and 8.2 years compared with the Ice storage-Boiler system. Heat Storage Type GSHPs also has the lower annual source energy consumption than the conventional heating and cooling systems because of using nighttime electricity.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

Recently Korea has presented carbon emission reduce goal of 37% compare to BAU until 2030 according to Paris Agreement in order to correspond to climate change. For this, researchers need to study positively on construction industry that emit $CO_2$ of $3^{rd}$ volume of 28 industry classification. This study calculated environmental load by LCA using the road part except tunnel and bridge among national road cases completed already. After selecting representative type of large construction type based on environmental emission, earth works, drainage works and paving works took up 84%. And this study analyzed the environmental emission feature of each detail construction type after selecting representative type each detail construction type. Utilization of each construction type emission attribute to environmental load during national road construction, will be helpful in making decision of eco-friendly national road construction based on environmental emission.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.251-280
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• 2009

The value of Environment is so high and important that no one can estimate it correctly. In the area of Logistics, Environment protection is very important and keen subject for the present and for the future of this country and people. Environmental logistics, similarly used as Green logistics, means the protection of Nature and Environment and reduces all kinds of factors and behaviors that may destroy and deteriorate current Environment. It also include the preservation of Nature and sustainable development. Environmental logistics aims to save natural resources and to promote reuse of all kinds of materials and to increase the utilization of Environment friendly substitute goods. In this paper the concept and characteristics of Environmental logistics were summarized and described. Also the main previous studies were surveyed. Some of important cases and experiences which were introduced and applied in major countries such as Japan, Hongkong, USA and the case of PHILIPS were summarized and analyzed. With these cases and analysis, this paper suggested some alternatives and countermeasures for the improvement of Environmental logistics in terms of 3 dimensions such as Country, Company and Individual level. And a strategy model for enhancement of the Environmental logistics was suggested and limitations of this paper and future research directions were described.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate the feed value of Phellinus linteus meal. The chemical composition and particle size of Phellinus linteus meal was determined, and investigated the effect of partial substitution(0, 5, 10 and 20%) of dried Phellinus linteus meal on metabolizability and serum IgG concentration of layers. Crude fiber content of Phellinus linteus meal was higher, and crude protein and crude fat contents were similar level compare to corn, barley, and wheat. Dry matter metabolizability of Phellinus linteus meal was lower in 10 and 20% treatment than those of 0 and 5% treatment significantly(p<0.05). But, Phellinus linteus meal did not affect concentration of serum IgG.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the photosynthetic responses of four Oak species (Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis) by shading treatment. We investigated light response curve, photosynthesis (A)-intercellular $CO_2$ concentration (Ci) curve, leaf growth and chlorophyll content at the level of 35, 55 and 75% shading treatments and under the full sunlight. In our results, Q. variabilis and Q. acutissima showed increased leaf growth, chlorophyll content and net apparent quantum yield but reduced chlorophyll a/b and carboxylation efficiency under the low light intensity. Therefore, light absorption and light utilization efficiency were improved under the low light intensity. Q. mongolica showed the similar responses that Q. variabilis and Q. acutissima showed, but net apparent quantum yield was reduced. The effects of shading treatment on Q. serrata were lower than those of other three species.