• Title/Summary/Keyword: $CO_2$ 흡수

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Study of Hydrodynamics and Reaction Characteristics of K-based Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture in a Continuous System Composed of Two Bubbling Fluidized-bed Reactors (두 개의 기포유동층으로 구성된 연속장치에서 CO2 회수를 위한 K-계열 고체흡수제의 수력학적 특성 및 반응특성)

  • Kim, Ki-Chan;Kim, Kwang-Yul;Park, Young Cheol;Jo, Sung-Ho;Ryu, Ho-Jung;Yi, Chang-Keun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.499-505
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    • 2010
  • In this study, hydrodynamics and reaction characteristic of K-based solid sorbents for $CO_2$ capture were investigated using a continuous system composed of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors(1.2 m tall bed with 0.11 m i.d.). Potassium-based dry sorbents manufactured by the Korea Electric Power Research Institute were used, which were composed of $K_2CO_3$ of 35% for $CO_2$ absorption and supporters of 65% for mechanical strength. The continuous system consists of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors, solid injection nozzle, riser, chiller, analyzer and heater for regeneration reaction. The minimum fluidizing velocity of the continuous system was 0.0088 m/s and the solid circulation rate measured was $10.3kg/m^2{\cdot}s$ at 1.05 m/s velocity of the solid injection nozzle. The $CO_2$ concentration of the simulated gas was about 10 vol% in dry basis. Reaction temperature in carbonator and regenerator were maintained about $70^{\circ}C$ and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively. Differential pressures, which were maintained in carbonator and regenerator, were about $415mmH_2O$ and $350mmH_2O$, respectively. In order to find out reaction characteristics of dry sorbents, several experiments were performed according to various experimental conditions such as $H_2O$ content(7.28~19.66%) in feed gas, velocity (0.053~0.103 m/s) of simulated gas, temperature($60{\sim}80^{\circ}C$) of a carbonator, temperature($150{\sim}200^{\circ}C$) of a regenerator and solid circulation rate($7.0{\sim}10.3kg/m^2{\cdot}s$). The respective data of operating variables were saved and analyzed after maintaining one hour in a stable manner. As a result of continuous operation, $CO_2$ removal tended to increase by increasing $H_2O$ content in feed gas, temperature of a regenerator and solid circulation rate and to decrease by increasing temperature of a carbonator and gas velocity in a carbonator.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Absorbent and Catalyst for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture (연소 전 이산화탄소 회수를 위한 흡수제 및 촉매의 수력학적 특성)

  • Ryu, Ho-Jung;Yoon, Joo-Young;Lee, Dong-Ho;Shun, Dowon;Park, Jaehyeon;Park, Yeong-Seong
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.437-445
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    • 2013
  • To develop SEWGS (sorption enhanced water gas shift) system using dry $CO_2$ absorbent for pre-combustion $CO_2$ capture, hydrodynamic characteristics of $CO_2$ absorbents were measured and investigated. The minimum fluidization velocity of $CO_2$ absorbent was measured and the effects of the operating conditions were investigated to operate the system at bubbling fluidized bed condition. The minimum fluidization velocity decreased as pressure and temperature increased. Moreover, the minimum fluidization velocity decreased as column diameter increased. The effects of operating conditions on the solid circulation rate were measured and investigated to select appropriate operating conditions for continuous $CO_2$ capture and regeneration. The measured solid circulation rates were ranged between 10 and 65 kg/h and increased as the solid injection velocity, gas velocity in the regeneration reactor, and solid height increased.

A Study on the Adsorption of Carbonmonoxide on Silica Supported Ru-Fe Catalyst by Infrared Spectroscopy (실리카지지 루테늄-철 촉매에서 일산화탄소의 흡착에 관한 적외선 분광법을 이용한 연구)

  • Park, Sang-Youn;Ryu, Kwang-Sun;Yang, Sung-Bong;Yoon, Koo-Sik
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.81-86
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    • 2010
  • On adsorbing carbon monoxide (CO) on the silica supported ruthenium/iron alloy ($Ru/Fe-SiO_2$) samples above mole ratio 9/1 of Ru/Fe five bands ($2138.7{\sim}2142.5cm^{-1}$, $2067.3{\sim}2073.1cm^{-1}$, $1976.7{\sim}2017.2cm^{-1}$, $1737.9{\sim}1799.3cm^{-1}$, $1625.7cm^{-1}$) were observed, and in $Ru/Fe-SiO_2$ samples below mole ratio 8/2 of Ru/Fe two bands ($1934.0{\sim}1990.2cm^{-1}$, $1625.7cm^{-1}$) were observed. The $2138.7{\sim}2142.5cm^{-1}$ bands, the $2067.3{\sim}2073.1cm^{-1}$ bands, and the $1988.3{\sim}2030.7cm^{-1}$ bands may be ascribed to stretching vibrations of CO molecules lineally bonded to the Ru atoms on supported Ru/Fe cluster surface, the $1737.9{\sim}1799.3cm^{-1}$ bands to stretching vibrations of CO molecules bridge bonded to the Ru atoms on supported Ru/Fe cluster surface or to stretching vibrations of CO molecules bonded to the Ru atoms on high Miller index planes, and the $1934.0{\sim}1990.2cm^{-1}$ bands to stretching vibrations of CO molecules lineally bonded to the Fe atoms on supported Ru/Fe cluster surface. The absorbances of the $1934.0{\sim}1990.2cm^{-1}$ bands in $Ru/Fe-SiO_2$ samples gradually increased with the increases of Ru/Fe mole ratio below the ratio of 8/2. This phenomena may be ascribed to the increases of Fe concentration of surface compared with the one of the sample and to the increases of surface area of supported Ru/Fe cluster according as increase of Ru/Fe mole ratio below the ratio of 8/2 compared with the $Fe-SiO_2$ sample.

Analysis of CO2 Capture Efficiency in Relation to the Inlet Moisture Content of the Regenerator in the Continuous Process by using Sorbent Analysis (연속공정에서 고체흡수제의 입자분석을 통한 재생반응기 주입 수분량에 따른 CO2 회수효율 영향 분석)

  • Lee, Do-Young;Kim, Ki-Chan;Park, Young Cheol;Han, Moon-Hee;Yi, Chang-Keun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.654-658
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    • 2012
  • In this study, $CO_2$ capture efficiency in relation to the inlet moisture content of the regenerator was investigated using potassium-based sorbents in the continuous process composed of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors, where solid outlet configuration in the regenerator was converted from underflow to overflow. XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and TGA were performed to find out the effect of water pre-treatment according to inlet moisture content in the regenerator. The $K_2CO_3{\cdot}1.5H_2O$ structure of solid sorbents has been increased as inlet moisture content of the regenerator increased. As a result, the $CO_2$ capture efficiency increased as the $K_2CO_3{\cdot}1.5H_2O$ structure of solid sorbents increased since the reactivity of the sorbents has been improved by that structure generated by the water pre-treatment. And $CO_2$ capture efficiency increased about 3~8% after sorbent outlet configuration of the regenerator was changed underflow to overflow.

The Characteristics of Attrition of Absorbents for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture (연소 전 CO2 포집 흡수제들의 마모특성)

  • Ryu, Hojung;Lee, Dongho;Moon, Jongho;Park, Youngcheol;Jo, Sungho
    • Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.428-436
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    • 2013
  • Attrition characteristics of $CO_2$ absorbents for pre-combustion $CO_2$ capture were investigated to check attrition loss of those absorbents and to determine solid circulation direction and the better $CO_2$ absorbent. The cumulative attrition losses of two absorbents increased with increasing time. However, attrition loss under a humidified condition was lower than that under a non-humidified condition case. Between two absorbents, attrition loss of PKM1-SU absorbent was higher than that of P4-600 absorbent. The average particle sizes of the attrited particles were less than $2.5{\mu}m$ for two absorbents under a non-humidified condition case, and therefore, we could conclude that the main mechanism of attrition for two absorbents is not fragmentation but abrasion. Based on the results from the test for the effect of humidity on the attrition loss, we selected solid circulation direction from SEWGS reactor to regeneration reactor because the SEWGS reactor contains more water vapor than regeneration reactor. Attrition loss and make-up rate of two absorbents were compared based on the results from $CO_2$ sorption capacity tests and attrition tests. Required make-up rate of P4-600 absorbent was lower than that of PKM1-SU absorbent. However, more detail investigation on the optimum regeneration temperature, manufacturing cost, solid circulation rate, regeneration rate, and long-term sorption capacity should be considered to select the best $CO_2$ absorbent.

Absorption Characteristic of Physical sorbent in the High $CO_2$ pressure (고압$CO_2$조건에서 물리흡수제의 흡수특성)

  • Baek, Geun-Ho;Lee, Ji-Yun;Choi, Hee-Young;Pak, Soo-Jin;Jang, Hyun-Tae;Cha, Wang-Seog
    • Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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    • 2009.12a
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    • pp.1038-1041
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    • 2009
  • 본 논문에서는 온실가스인 이산화탄소를 연소전 조건에서 회수하기 위해 DMSO, Sulfolane, PEG를 이용하여 이산화탄소 흡수특성을 조사하였다. 회분식 기-액 평형반응기를 이용하여 고정압력에서 온도변화에 따른 용해도와 재생성, 초기흡수속도를 측정하였다. 실험결과 용해도의 경우 PEG가 뛰어났으며 초기흡수속도의 경우 DMSO가 우수하였다.

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Optimization of $CO_2$ Direct Absorption Method for the Determination of Carbon-14 in Environmental Samples (환경시료중의 방사성탄소 측정을 위한 $CO_2$ 직접흡수법의 최적화 연구)

  • Cho, Soo-Young;Woo, Hyung-Joo;Chun, Sang-Ki
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.237-242
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    • 1998
  • The goal of this work was to optimize the liquid scintillation counting techniques for the determination of C-14 in environmental samples such as biological and air samples. Carbon-14 activities in most environmental samples were measured with direct $CO_2$ absorption method. The highest figure of merit was found through the variation of Carbosorb $E^{TM}$ and Permatluor $V^{TM}$ ratio, in the measurement windows. The best condition was 1:1 volume ratio. Average 2.35 g of $CO_2$ was reproducibly absorbed in the 20 ml mixture within 40 min. The counting efficiency determined by repeated analysis of NIST oxalic acid standard and the background count rate were measured to be $58.8{\pm}1.4%$ and $1.88{\pm}0.06\;cpm$, respectively in case of saturated solution. The correction curves of counting efficiency for partially saturated solutions and for saturated solutions with quenching were prepared, respectively. The overall uncertainty of the sample specific activity for near background levels was estimated to be about 7 % for 4 hours counting at 95 % confidence level. The long-term stability of samples has been checked for all the counting techniques over a two week periods, and no apparent change in counting efficiency and background level was found at that time.

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Study on Evaluation of Carbon Emission and Sequestration in Pear Orchard (배 재배지 단위의 탄소 배출량 및 흡수량 평가 연구)

  • Suh, Sanguk;Choi, Eunjung;Jeong, Hyuncheol;Lee, Jongsik;Kim, Gunyeob;Sho, Kyuho;Lee, Jaeseok
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.257-263
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    • 2016
  • Objective of this study was to evaluate the carbon budget on 40 years old pear orchard at Naju. For carbon budget assessment, we measured the soil respiration, net ecosystem productivity of herbs, pear biomass and net ecosystem exchange. In 2015, pear orchard released about $25.6ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ by soil respiration. And $27.9ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ was sequestrated by biomass growth. Also about $12.6ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ was stored at pruning branches and about $5.2ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ for photosynthesis of herbs. As a result, 25.6 ton of $CO_2$ per ha is annually released to atmosphere. At the same time about 45.7 ton of $CO_2$ was sequestrated from atmosphere. When it sum up the amount of $CO_2$ release and sequestration, approximately $20.1ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$ was sequestrated by pear orchard in 2015, and it showed no significant differences with net ecosystem exchanges ($17.8ton\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$) by eddy covariance method with the same period. Continuous research using various techniques will help the understanding of $CO_2$ dynamics in agroecosystem and it can be able to present a new methodology for assessment of carbon budget in woody crop field. Futhermore, it is expected that the this study can be used as the basic data to be recognized as a carbon sink.

Absorption Properties of $CO_2$ in Aqueous Solutions of Piperazine, Piperidine, Cyclohexylamine (Piperazine, Piperidine, Cyclohexylamine 수용액에 대한 이산화탄소의 흡수특성)

  • Song Ho-Jun;Lee Seoungmoon;Song Hocheol;Ahn Se-Woong;Park Jin-won
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.14 no.4 s.44
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    • pp.219-225
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    • 2005
  • for the removal of carbon dioxide in flue gas, which is the main cause of the global warming, chemical absorption methods were widely used for years. Alkanolamines such as MEA, AMP, MDEA are mainly used as an absorbent. In this study, cyclic amines - Piperazine, Piperidine and Cyclohelylamine are investigated to compare the chemical solubilities, absorption capacities and rate ot reaction. In conclusion, Piperazine is the most effective absorbent of $CO_2$ and ran be the excellent alternative to the former absorbents. Experiments were performed at 5, 10, 15 weight percent, 30, 40, $50^{\circ}C$, and the gas solubilities are determined by back-titration method, and using Gas Chromatography the absorption rate was compared.

Optical Properties of $CuAl_{1-x}Ga_xSe_2$ and $CuAl_{1-x}Ga_xSe_2:Co^{2+}$ Single Crystals ($CuAl_{1-x}Ga_xSe_2$$CuAl_{1-x}Ga_xSe_2 : Co^{2+}$ 단결정의 광학적 특성)

  • 진문석;김화택
    • Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.346-354
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    • 1994
  • 삼원화합물 반도체 CuAlSe2 및 CuGaSe2 단결정의 solid solution 인 CuAl1-xGaxSe2 및 cobalt를 2.0 mol% 첨가한 CuAl1-xGaxSe2 : Co2+ 단결정을 iodine을 수송물질로 사용한 화학수송법으로 성장시켰 다. source material로는 CuAl1-xGaxSe2 의 화학조성비에서 Se를 3.0mol% 과잉으로 첨가하여 합성한 ingot를 사용하였으며 불순물이 첨가된 CuAl1-xGaxSe2:Co2+ 단결정성장시에는 source ma-terial 에 cobalt 분말을 2.0mol% 첨가하였다. X-선 회절무늬로부터 성장된 단결정들이 chalcopyrite 결정구조를 하고 있음을 확인하였으며 격자상수를 구하였다. 광흡수 spectra 측정으로부터 성장된 단결정에서 나타 는 cobalt 불순물에 의한 광흡수 peak가 Td 대칭점에위치한 Co2+ 이온의 에너지 준위들간 전자전이에 의해 나타남을 규명하였다.

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