• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.259-270
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• 2012

Mobile air conditioning(MAC) systems of light-duty vehicles consume the most energy among auxiliary parts. Vehicle $CO_2$ reduction policies in Korea, US EPA and EU include the strategies to reduce additional $CO_2$ by MAC operation with providing incentive for the high-efficient MAC technologies. It is under development how to estimate MAC $CO_2$ and to differentiate advanced or high-efficient MAC system in US EPA and EU. The additional energy by MAC operation would beaffected by not only driving patterns but also environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. In this study, we estimated MAC $CO_2$ of Korean light-duty vehicles with various driving cycles and environmental conditions. Test results were corrected to reference conditions for varied temperature and humidity during tests to get the comparable data for test vehicles. The test results showed that high-efficient MAC technologies have potential to reduce MAC $CO_2$ approximately by 50%. Considering the rate of MAC $CO_2$ to vehicle $CO_2$, it is expected that the introduction of high-efficient MAC technologies would considerably reduce vehicle $CO_2$ emission in MAC operation.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.272-280
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• 2002

The recent research topics on $CO_2$ arc welding power supplies are focused mainly on the reduction of spatter generation. The method for reducing the spatters can be approached in several ways: finding the new materials fur consumable electrode and shielding gases, researching on the circuit topology and the controller. In this paper, the metal transfer and several control methods for the $CO_2$ GMAW were described. And it was proposed and compared with other schemes that the control method for reducing spatter by controlling the welding current when short-circuit and re-ignition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.528-532
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• 2007

The generation of high-purity hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels is essential for efficient operation of fuel cell. In general, most feasible strategies to generate hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels consist of a reforming step to generate a mixture of $H_2$, CO, $CO_2$ and $H_2O$(steam) followed by water gas shift(WGS) and CO clean-up steps. The WGS reaction that shifts CO to $CO_2$ and simultaneously produces another mole of $H_2$ was carried out in a two-stage catalytic conversion process involving a high temperature shift(HTS) and a low temperature shift(LTS). In the WGS operation, gas emerges from the reformer is taken through a high temperature shift catalyst to reduce the CO concentration to about $3\sim4%$ followed to about 0.5% via a low temperature shift catalyst. The WGS reactor was designed and tested in this study to produce hydrogen-rich gas with CO to less than 0.5%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.5-6
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• 2011

CO₂ reduction is the most urgent issue the world is facing. So, there should be a measure to reduce the CO₂ emission in construction industry which has more released CO₂ gas than other industries. CO₂ emission of building depend on using energy. Then efficient energy use process working efficiently at CO₂ reduction. Therefore In this study, author find the technical possibility of saving the building energy using the PCM which is able to control heat, storage heat and potential heat. So, it considered that apply to floor heating type which is major heating system of living space in Korea. And evaluate the Using possibility.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2014

This study evaluated the relative efficiency of mobile emission reduction countermeasures through a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and determined the priority of countermeasures based on the efficiency. Ten countermeasures currently applied for reducing greenhouse gases and air pollution materials were selected to make a scenario for evaluation. The reduction volumes of four air pollution materials(CO, HC, NOX, PM) and three greenhouse gases($CO_2$, $CH_4$, $N_2O$) for the year 2027, which is the last target year, were calculated by utilizing both a travel demand forecasting model and variable composite emission factors with respect to future travel patterns. To estimate the relative effectiveness of reduction countermeasures, this study performed a super-efficiency analysis among the Data Envelopment Analysis models. It was found that expanding the participation in self car-free day program was the most superior reduction measurement with 1.879 efficiency points, followed by expansion of exclusive bus lanes and promotion of CNG hybrid bus diffusion. The results of this study do not represent the absolute data for prioritizing reduction countermeasures for mobile greenhouse gases and air pollution materials. However, in terms of presenting the direction for establishing reduction countermeasures, this study may contribute to policy selection for mobile emission reduction measures and the establishment of systematic mid- and long-term reduction measures.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.45.2-45.2
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• 2010

자동차 주행 시 엔진회전수가 1,500rpm 이상이고 주행속도가 50km/hr 이상의 조건에서 가속 페달을 밟지 않은 상태로 관성주행(타행주행)을 하면 연료분사량이 "0"이 되고 그에 따라 엔진 배출 $CO_2$ 배출량도 "0"이 된다. 본 연구에서는 고속도로 및 자동차 전용도로에서의 이러한 연료차단(퓨얼컷 fuel-cut) 주행 구간을 찾고 연료차단 기능을 활용하는 경우 그 효과를 평가하였다. 본 시험의 결과 퓨얼컷 주행을 활용하면 약 4~5% 정도의 $CO_2$ 배출량을 줄일 수 있음을 알 수 있었고, 감속의 정도를 도로 상황에 맞게 최적화하는 경우 감소율을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 추후 본 시험의 결과를 이용하여 도로 내리막 구간에서 연료소모량 및 $CO_2$ 배출량을 저감하면서도 과속으로 인한 사고를 예방하는 방안으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.679-689
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• 2009

Light olefins are very important hydrocarbons widely used as the raw materials of the most petrochemicals including plastics and medicines. In addition, the nation's olefin production capacity is regarded as one of the key indicators to predict the nation's economic scale and growth. Steam cracking of naphtha (or called "NCC (Naphtha Cracking Center) technology"), the traditional process to produce light olefins, is one of the most consuming energy processes among the chemical industries. Therefore, this process causes tremendous $CO_2$ emission. To reduce the energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission from NCC process, the present paper, firstly, investigates and analyses some alternative technologies which can be potentially substituted for traditional process. Secondly, applying the alternative technologies to NCC process, their effects such as energy savings, $CO_2$ emission reduction and CER (Certified Emission Reduction) were estimated. It is found that the advanced NCC process can reduce approximately 35% of SEC (Specific Energy Consumption) of traditional NCC process. This effect can lead to the reduction of 3.3 million tons of $CO_2$ and the acquisition of the 128 billion won of CER per year. Catalytic cracking of naphtha technology, which is other alternative processes, can save up to approximately 40% of SEC of traditional NCC process. This value equates to the 3.8 million tons of $CO_2$ mitigation and 147 billion won of CER per year.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.673-677
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• 2003

$CO_2$ 의 배출로 인한 지구 온난화 진행을 막기 위하여 국제사회의 노력이 계속되고 있는 가운데, 일련의 기후변화 협약에 대한 기술적 대응수단으로써 $CO_2$ 저감 기술 확보의 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 우리나라도 향후 예상되는 $CO_2$ 배출 저감의무 부과에 대비하여야 할 것이며 발전부문과 같은 대규모 $CO_2$ 배출시설에서의 개선이 우선적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.(중략)

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.111.2-111.2
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• 2011

최근 지구온난화로 인해 국제적으로 이산화탄소 저감에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있으며 특히, 이산화탄소의 분리 및 유용물질 전환 등의 다양한 방법에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이산화탄소를 메탄으로 전환시키는 생물학적 반응은 acetotrophic methanogen, hydrogenotrophic methanogen 등의 미생물이 관여한다. 본 연구에서는 hydrogenotrohpic methanogen을 이용하여 메탄으로 전환하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 이산화탄소와 수소의 체류시간에 대한 연구를 진행하였으며, 선행 연구로 혐기성슬러지의 혼합배양균으로부터 hydrogenotrophic methanogen을 우점종화 하기 위해 고정층 반응기를 이용하여 이산화탄소와 수소 가스를 주입하여 고농도로 배양하였다. 그 결과, 반응기내의 이산화탄소의 메탄전환 균주로써 수소를 환원제로 이용하는 hydrogenotrophic methanogen이 배양되었음을 확인하였다. 이산화탄소와 수소가스의 체류시간에 따른 이산화탄소의 생물학적 메탄 전환 실험 결과, 약 4시간에서 이산화탄소의 저감률이 99%이었으며, 체류시간이 2시간, 1.5시간인 경우 이산화탄소의 저감률은 각각 71%, 68% 이었다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.191-202
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• 2009

South Korea, ranks 10th largest emitter of carbon dioxide in the world, will probably be under the obligation to reduce GHG emission from 2013. It is very important to reduce the electrical energy consumption since 30% of GHG emission in South Korea is made during electricity generation. In this study, based on "the 1st national energy master plan", the GHG emission reduction potential and the feasibility of the scenario in the electricity generation have been analyzed using LEAP(Long-range Energy Alternative Planning system). The scenario of the mater plan contains the 41% expansion of nuclear power plant facilities and the 11% diffusion of renewable energy until 2030. In result, total $CO_2$ emission reduction rate is 28.8% in 2030. Also $CO_2$ emission of unit electricity generation of bituminous coal power plant is $0.85kgCO_2/kWh$ and its LNG power plant is $0.51kgCO_2/kWh$ in BAU scenario. Therefore when existing facilities is exchanged for nuclear or renewable energy power plant, substitute of bituminous power plant is more effective than LNG power.