• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.189-199
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• 2009

The Powder characteristics and sintering behavior of $SiO_2$ coated $BaTiO_3$ were studied. $BaTiO_3$ powders were synthesized by the liquid mix method developed by Pechini, and silica coating was prepared by alkoxide hydrolysis method with TEOS and ethanol. The particle size of the $BaTiO_3$ powders was 35 nm and the thickness of the $SiO_2$ coating layer was 5 nm. As the $SiO_2$ content increased, the $SiO_2$ layers improved the powder dispersion by increasing electrostatic repulsion between the $BaTiO_3$ particles. Effects of MgO coating on microstructure and dielectric properties of $BaTiO_3$ have been studied compared with mechanically MgO mixed $BaTiO_3$. MgO coated $BaTiO_3$ particles were prepared by a homogeneous precipitation method using $MgCl_2\cdot 6H_2O$ and urea. MgO coated $BaTiO_3$ exhibited homogeneous microstructure compared with mixed samples. XRD analysis revealed that Mg substitution for the Ti site in the MgO mixed sample was much greater than in the coated one. Electrical properties of MgO mixed and coated $BaTiO_3$ were affected by the diffusion behavior of Mg in $BaTiO_3$ lattice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.400-403
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• 2004

The dielectric properties of $BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3$ multilayered thick films with printing times were investigated. $BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3$ thick films were deposited by Screen-printing method on alumina substrates. The obtained films were sintered at $1400^{\circ}C$ with bottom electrode(Pt) for 2hours. The structural and the dielectric properties were investigated for various printing times. The BST phase appeared in all of the $BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3$ mutilayered thick films. The $BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3$ multilayered thick film thickness, obtained by one printings, was $50{\mu}m$. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the $BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3$ multilayered thick film, obtained by five printings, were about 266, 0.8% at 1Mhz, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.289-290
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• 2006

[ $SrTiO_3$ ] is usually added as shifters in order to move the $T_C$ of $BaTiO_3$ to lower temperatures because it is well established that the $T_C$ of $BaTiO_3$ decreases linearly with a solid solution of $Sr^{+2}$ in place of $Ba^{+2}$. It is not fully understood yet, however, how $SrTiO_3$ influences on the peak value of the dielectric constant $(\varepsilon_{max})$ at the $T_C$ of $BaTiO_3$. This research reports the effect of $SrTiO_3$ addition on εmax at the $T_C$ of $BaTiO_3$ ceramics. Based on the chemical composition and the grain size dependence of the dielectric property of $BaTiO_3$ ceramics, functionally graded $(Ba,Sr)TiO_3$ composites were designed and fabricated. Multi-layered $(Ba,Sr)TiO_3$ composites with a compositional gradient of $SrTiO_3$ exhibited a low temperature coefficient and high dielectric constant in a wide temperature range.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.4
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• pp.85-93
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• 1991

In solid reaction of the eqimolecular mixture of $BaCO_3$ and $TiO_2$, $CO_2$ generates by the following reaction ; $BaCO_3 + TiO_2\longrightarrow$ $BaTiO_3 + CO_2$ The solid reaction is studied as the kinetics of decomposition reaction with DTA-TG. The results are as follows. 1. $BaCO_3$ with is coexisted with $TiO_2$ decompose at lower temperature than pure $BaCO_3$. The reason is decreasing free eneragy of products. 2. Carter's equation is more important than Jander's equation in solid reaction of $BaCO_3$ decomposi-tion. The activation energy obtained by Carte r's equation is 42.8 Kcal/mol.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 1984

$BaTiO_3$ and $SrTiO_3$ were mixed with the mole ratio of 35:65， 50:50 and 65:35 and heated at 1100~120$0^{\circ}C$ for 1~64 hours. The dielectrics of $BaTiO_3$-$SrTiO_3$ system were investigated as a function of amount of solid solution formed. The dielectric constant was increased and Curie temperature was shifted to higher temperature with increasing of heating of soaking time for the same composition and heating temperature. This can be explained by the homogeneous distribution of $Ba^{2+}$ and $Sr^{2+}$ ion in the $BaTiO_3$ system. The Curie temperature was shifted to lower temperature with increasing $SrTiO_3$ in the $BaTiO_3$-$SrTiO_3$system because of decreasing the lattice constant.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 1996

The effects of $Nd_2O_3$ and $TiO_2$ addition on the microstructures and microwave dielectic properties of $BaO-Nd_2O_3-TiO_2$ system were investigated. $BaNd_2Ti_4O_{12}$ or $BaNd_2Ti_{5}O_{14}$ phases were observed for compositions based on BaO/$Nd_2O_3$ = 1 ratio. The compositions deviated from $BaO/Nd_2O_3=1$ ratio were composed of major phases of $BaNd_2Ti_4O_{12}$ or $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$, and the compound of $Nd_2O_3$ and $TiO_2(Nd_2Ti_2O_7)$ or that of BaO and $TiO_2(BaTi_4O_9)$. The microstructure of ceramic with $BaO{\cdot}Nd_2O_3{\cdot}4TiO_2$ composition varied from spherical grains to needlelike grains with increasing sintering temperature. With increasing $Nd_2O_3$, the optimum sintering temperature with maximum density increased, and the dielectric constant(${\varepsilon}_r$) and quality factor(Q) decreased due to the formation of secondary phases. With increasing $TiO_2$, the optimum sintering temperature and the dielectric constant decreased with increased Q value. And the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency, ${\tau}_f$ shifted toward positive direction. The dielectric ceramics with $BaO/Nd_2O_3=1$ showed Q values of above 2000 and dielectric constants of above 80 at 3GHz.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.249-257
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• 1989

Dielectric properties and the stability of the perovskite phase in the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 system have been investigated as a function of amount of BaTiO3 and firing temperature. In the specimens fired at 120$0^{\circ}C$, the pyrochlore phase was eliminated by the addition of 10-15m/o BaTiO3 and also the dielectric constant increased. However, the dielectric constant decreased with further addition of BaTiO3 even though no pyrochlore phase was found to be present. The reducing tendency of the pyrochlore phase decreased with lowering the firing temperature in the system of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 with BaTiO3. Dielectric properties in PMN ceramics were affected by the character of the BaTiO3 rather than the pyrochlore phase.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.998-1003
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• 1998

$BaTiO_3$ thin film was electrochemically deposited on Ti electrode in a 0.4 M $Ba(OH)_2$ solution of $85^{\circ}C$ using a current pulse waveform. Both $BaTiO_3$ crystallinity and faradaic efficiency for the film formation were enhanced with the increase of cathodic current density and pulse time. Based on the surface analysis and electrochemical studies, it was suggested that, during cathodic pulsed, the surface pH increase due to the reduction of $H_2O$ accelerates the structural changes of Ti oxides which were formed during anodic cycle. Prior to experiments, Ti oxides were intentionally grown in 0.1 M $H_2SO_4$ solution and the effect of initial oxide film thickness on the $BaTiO_3$ film formation was investigated. The migration of $Ti^{+4}$ ions through the oxide film was retarded with the increase of film thickness and it was observed that the crystallization of $BaTiO_3$ was only limited to the defect area of surface oxides.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.953-959
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• 2004

BaTiO$_3$ powder has been applied in so much electronic ceramics. Therefore, as recent, the method to add or coat additive will be needed BaTiO$_3$ powder. As a kind of the method, the coating of BaTiO$_3$ powder was considered. In this study, during BaTiO$_3$ powder was coated by BaTiO$_3$ sol, gelation path was experimented. Standard coating condition was set for homogeneous coating. The phase of the gel was deferent by gelation path. It was confirmed the amorphous gel was made in BaTiO$_3$ phase easily at low temperature. In the amorphous gel, particle growth was shown at 900$^{\circ}C$, because crystallization temperature was low. The optimal ratio of sol and powder was at 10 vol% for the homogeneous coating.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.960-966
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• 2004

On the bases of the results from "Additive Coating of BaTiO$_3$ Powder using Sol Coating Method I", experimental condition was defined. Representative additives for BaTiO$_3$, that is to say, Mg, Ca and Mn were experimented. The sources of the metal ion were used by organometal complex. As added it, the stability of BaTiO$_3$ sol was evaluated. Mg and Ca were stable, however, The solubility limit of Mn-ATH was 0.05 mol ratio in Mn-ATH/sol. The solubility limit of Mg ion in BaTiO$_3$ was lower than 2 mol%. From the x Ray diffraction patterns, lattice parameters were different with temperature and additives, because the solubility of metal ion was varied in BaTiO$_3$. The dielectric constant of BaTiO$_3$ powders which coated with the 1.5 mol% Mg and calcined at 1200$^{\circ}C$ was increased with 20%.