• 한국가금학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 곰팡이 독소에 대한 노출을 확인하기 위한 목적으로 닭의 간, 신장 조직에서 곰팡이 독소 분석법을 확립하였다. 곰팡이 독소의 경우 닭에서 독성이 강하며, 본 실험에서는 가축의 사료에서 주로 확인되는 곰팡이 독소 6종(아플라톡신 $B_1{\cdot}M_1$, 오크라톡신 A, 푸모니신 $B_1$, 데옥시니발레놀, 제랄레논)을 선별하여 추출, 정제조건을 확립하고 LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. 확립된 분석조건에서 검량선은 $R^2$값이 0.99 이상으로 우수한 직선성을 나타내었다. QUECHERS법을 응용하여 닭 간, 신장 시료에서 곰팡이 독소를 추출, 정제하여 분석하였을 때 곰팡이 독소 4종(아플라톡신 $B_1$, 오크라톡신 A, 데옥시니발레놀, 제랄레논)의 평균 회수율은 80.94~98.10%이고, 상대표준편차도 14% 미만으로 조사되어 높은 정확도와 정밀도를 확인할 수 있었다. 검량선에 근거하였을 때 곰팡이 독소 6종에 대하여 닭 간 시료의 경우 검출한계는 $7.6{\sim}145.79{\mu}g/kg$, 정량한계는 $23.04{\sim}441.78{\mu}g/kg$이었다. 닭 신장의 경우 검출한계는 $6.07{\sim}197.20{\mu}g/kg$, 정량한계는 $18.40{\sim}597.59{\mu}g/kg$으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 닭의 간, 신장에서 곰팡이 독소 6종 동시 분석법을 확립하였으며, 이는 생체시료에서 효율적인 곰팡이 독소 동시 분석법으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1999

This case occurred following accidental consumptions of toxic levels of feedstuffs in the Korean indigenous cattle which were pregnant for 3-6 months. Grossly, poorly defined bluish coloration in the ventral sac of the rumen, reticulum and omasum was visible on the surface of the stomach. The severely affected ruminal walls were perforated and blood-tinged exudate was observed and death followed due to acute diffuse peritonitis. There were copious amount of porridgelike rumen contents, which has a distinct fermentative odor. The epithelia were easily wiped off and hyperemic in patch. Histopathologically, chemical rumenitis with neutrophilic infiltration and opportunistic fungal infection was evident in the mucosa and submucosa. Multifocal necrotic foci with fungal hyphae on the liver and severe congestion on the renal medulla were noted. There was no evidence of heavy metal and aflatoxin Bl in the suspected feedstuffs. This case was diagnosed as acute carbohydate engorgement in cattle.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.203-207
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• 1996

Methanol extract of dried persimmon leaves was refractionated using hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol aqueous fractions. Among these chloroform fraction showed the highest inhibition rate on the mutagenicities of aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) and 3,2' -dimethyl-4-amino-bipheny1(DMAB) in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. Chloroform fraction was further fractionated into eight fractions by silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography(TLC). The fraction 5 on TLC exhibited the highest antimutagenic activities in AFB₁and DMAB. 2,4-Decadienal, dihydro-4-methyl-2(3H)-furanone, hexanoic acid 1,4-bis(1-methy1 ethy1)benzene, heptanoic acid, phenol, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid and benzoic acid were tentatively identified from this antimutagenic fraction by GC-MS.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 1996

Antimutagenic effect of Doenjang (Korean soy paste) on various carcinogens in Salmonella typhimurium strains of TA98 and TA100 were studied. By the addition of methanol extract of Doenjang to aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁)in the experimental system, the mutagenicity of AFB₁ on the strains of TA98 and TA100 was com-pletely inhibited. The methenol extract of the Doenjang also inhibited the mutagencities induced by direct mutagens such as N-methy1-N'-nitro-N-nitroguanidine(MNNG)and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO), and another indirect mutagens of benzo(a) pyrene(BaP) and dimethylnitrosamine(DMN). From the solvents and thin layer chromatographic(TLC) fractionations, free fatty acid(s), especially linoleic acid in Doenjang seemed to be one of the active antimutagenic compounds.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2001년도 제53차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.242-243
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• 2001

• Toxicological Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1990

Human exposure to environmental carcinogens can be detected by a number of methods including immunoassay, $^{32}P-postlabeling$ assay, and fluorescence technique. These assays have been applied to measure biological markers of carcinogen-adducts formed with macromolecules such as DNA, RNA and protein. In an attempt to investigate causal relationships between carcinogen exposure and tumor formation, specific carcinogen-adducts have been quantitated from human tissues and body fluids of cancer patients, occupational workers heavily exposed to certain carcinogens, smokers and controls. Carcinogens studied for biological human monitoring include benzo(a)pyrene, aflatoxin B1, UV light, ethylene oxide, 8-methoxypsoralen, 4-aminobiphenyl, vinyl choride, N-nitrosamine, cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents. Relevance of human monitoring for cancer research, progress in this field, methods to detect carcinogen-adducts are reviewed here. It is hoped that these approaches will be used for the risk assessment of carcinogen exposure, cancer etiology study and cancer prevention in humans.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-61
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• 1990

Human exposure to environmental carcinogens can be detected by a number of methods including immunoassay, $^{32}P$-postlabeling assay, and fluorescence technique. These assays have been applied to measure biological markers of carcinogen-adducts formed with macromolecules such as DNA, RNA and protein. In an attempt to investigate causal relation ships between carcinogen exposure and tumor formation, specific carcinogen-adducts have been quantitated from human tissues and body fluids of cancer patients, occupational workers heavily exposed to certain carcinogens, smokers and controls. Carcinogens studied for biological human monitoring include benzo(a)pyrene, aflatoxin B1, UV light, ethylene oxide, 8-methoxypsoralen, 4-aminobiphenyl, vinyl chloride, N-nitrosamine, cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents. Relevance of human monitoring for cancer research, progress in this field, methods to detect carcinogen-adducts are reviewed here. It is hoped that these approaches will be used for the risk assessment of carcinogen exposure, cancer etiology study and cancer prevention in humans.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.263-267
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• 2003

Solid-state fermentation of lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus was investigated using commercially available 1.2 L polypropylene bottle designed for mushroom cultivation. Moist solid raw materials such as com, rice, and soy bean were tested and com was found to be most suitable for an economical production of lovastatin. 50% or higher water addition prior to the sterilization of com was effective for the maximal lovastatin production. About 0.5% (w/w) lovastatin content in dried cells and corn mass was obtained after 20 days of solid-state fermentation at 30$^{\circ}C$. For safety concerns, aflatoxin Bl and citrinin levels after fermentation were assayed but they were not detected. Lovastatin containing cells and corn residue after fermentation were autoclaved, dried, crushed, and fed to chicken for a period of 3 weeks. Approximately 20% reduction of blood cholesterol level of chicken was observed.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2012

Bacilli with fibrinolytic activities were isolated from traditionally-prepared Meju and some of these strains showed strong antifungal activities. One isolate, MJ1-4, showed the strongest antifungal activity. MJ1-4 and other isolates were identified as B. amyloliquefaciens strains by recA gene sequencing and RAPD-PCR results. B. amyloliqufaciens MJ1-4 efficiently inhibited an Aspergillus spp.-producing aflatoxin B1 ($AFB_1$) and a Penicillium spp.-producing ochratoxin (OTA) in addition to other fungi. Antifungal activity of B. amyloliquefaciens MJ1-4 culture reached its maximum (40 AU/mg protein) in LB or TSB medium around 48 hr at $37^{\circ}C$. Antifungal activity of the concentrated culture supernatant was not decreased significantly by protease treatments, implying that the antifungal substance might not be a simple peptide or protein. Considering its antifungal and fibrinolytic activities together, B. amyloliquefaciens MJ1-4 can serve as a starter for fermented soyfoods such as Cheonggukjang and Doenjang.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.588-592
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• 1996

미나리의 MeOH추출물에서 분획한 ethyl acetate 가용부를 silica gel column chromatography를 이용하여 isorhamnetin, hyperoside 및 persicarin의 플라보노이드 화합물을 분리하였으며, in vitro에서 Salmonella typhimurin TA 100균주를 이용하여 항돌연변이 활성을 관찰하였다. 이들 화합물 중 isorhamnetin은 0.5mg/plate에서 33%, 1.0mg/plate에서는 59%, persicarin은 0.5mg/plate에서 40%, 1.0mg/plate에서 47%의 돌연변이 저해효과를 나타내었다. 이와 유사한 플라보노이드 화합물로서 엉겅퀴 지상부에서 분리한 acacetin 7-rutinoside, cirsimaritin 4＇-glucoside 및 hispidulin 7-neohesperidoside에 대해서도 1mg/plate 농도에서 acacetin 7-rutinoside와 cirsimaritin 4＇-glucoside가 40% 및 49%의 돌연변이 억제활성이 관찰되었다.