• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

It should be concerned to the women with mutated genotype of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), C677T or A1298C, since they need more folate than those with wild genotypes. In this study, we evaluated the folate status of Korean women of childbearing age according to their MTHFR polymorpiysm. Dietary folate intakes, plasma and erythrocyte folate concentrations, plasma homocysteine concentrations, and urinary excretions of para-aminobenzoylglutamate (pABG) and para-acetoamidobenzoylglutamate (ApABG) of twenty-five subjects aged between 19 and 35 years old were determined Folate intakes seemed to be inadequate, being only three-quarters of the Korean RDA of folate. More than one-quarter of the subjects was exposed to folate deficiency risk as determined by erythrocyte folate concentration and almost one-quarter of the subjects showed hyperhomocysteinemia, although they had normal plasma folate concentrations. Urinary excretions of pABG and ApABG seemed to be low and ApABG constituted more than $85\%$ of total folate catabolites. There were no significant differences in dietary folate intakes, plasma concentrations of folate and homocysteine, and urinary excretions of pABG and ApABG among the geneotypes of both C677T and A1298C. However, the subjects with 1298AC genotype had significantly lower erythrocyte folate concentration than those with 1298AA. Erythrocyte folate concentration showed an inverse relationship with plasma homocysteine concentration and positive relationships with urinary excretions of pABG and ApABG. The results of this study imply that mutations of 677C$\rightarrow$T and 1298A$\rightarrow$C in the study were not associated with decreased plasma folate and raised plasma homocysteine concentrations. A1298C polymorphism night be, however, more influential on erythrocyte folate concentration than C677T polymorphism, and urinary excretions of folate catabolites, pABG and ApABG, might be reliable indexes of folate nutritional status like plasma homocysteine concentrations.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2023

세포 내 수송 및 축삭 수송은 kinesin 및 cytoplasmic dynein과 같은 미세소관 의존성 모터단백질에 의해 운반된다. Kinesin은 미세소관을 따라 미세소관의 플러스 쪽 끝으로 이동하고, dynein은 미세소관의 마이너스 쪽 끝으로 이동한다. Kinesin-1은 kinesin superfamily protein (KIF)중에서 처음으로 확인된 kinesin으로, 카복실(C)-말단 영역과 cargo간 결합을 통해 세포내 소기관, 신경전달물질 수용체 및 mRNA-단백질 복합체를 포함한 다양한 cargo의 세포내 수송 기능을 수행한다. Kinesin-1은 다양한 cargo들을 수송하지만, kinsin-1과 cargo 사이를 매개하는 어댑터/스캐폴더 단백질은 아직 완전히 확인되지 않았다. KIF5A의 C-말단 영역과 상호 작용하는 어댑터 단백질을 규명하기 위해 효모 2-하이브리드 스크리닝을 하여, cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 (CDK2AP1)를 확인하였다. CDK2AP1은 KIF5A의 C-말단 영역에 결합하고 KIF3A, KIF5B, KIF5C 및 kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1)과는 결합하지 않았다. CDK2AP1의 C-말단 영역은 KIF5A와의 결합에 필수적이었다. HEK-293T 세포에 CDK2AP1 및 kinesin-1은 동시 발현하여 면역침강하면 CDK2AP1 및 kinesin-1은 같이 면역침강하였다. 그리고 CDK2AP1 및 kinesin-1은 세포내에서도 같은 위치에 발현하였다. 이러한 결과들은 KIF5A-CDK2AP1결합은 kinesin-1이 cargo를 운반할 때 kinesin-1과 cargo 사이를 연결하는 어댑터 단백질 역할을 시사한다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1976

Methyl benzamidoxime의 C=N 결합에 의한 configuration 과 N-O 및 C-N 결합에 대한 conformation 에 관하여 확장 Huckel 분자궤도법 계산을 실시하였다. 계산 결과는 C-N 결합의 conformation이 sp-형이면 E-configuration이 Z-configuration보다 더 안정하다. ap-형이면 Z-configuration이 더 안정하다. C=N 결합의 configuration과 C-N 의 conformation이 같으면 N-O의 conformation이 ap-형인 것이 더 안정하다. 이 안정화 에너지의 대부분은 정전기적인 원자간에 힘에 기인하는 것임을 밝혔다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1999

우지에 항산화제로 ascorbyl palmitate (AP), ${\alpha}-tocopherol\;({\alpha}-Toc)$, BHA 및 ascorbyl $palmitate+{\alpha}-tocopherol\;(AP+{\alpha}-Toc)$을 첨가하여 $0{\sim}10\;kGy$의 선량으로 감마선을 조사하였고, 감마선 조사된 시료는 조사직후와 $50^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 저장기간에 따른 과산화물 형성 억제능을 측정하였다. 감마선 조사직후의 과산화물가는 감마선 조사선량의 높아짐에 따라 증가하였다. 그러나 우지에 항산화제를 첨가한 경우에는 감마선 조사에 의한 과산화물 형성을 억제하였고, 억제 활성은 $AP>BHA>AP+{\alpha}-Toc>{\alpha}-Toc$로 AP가 초기산화 억제능을 가진 천연항산화제로 나타났다. 저장기간에 따른 과산화물가는 감마선 조사에 의해 자동산화를 상당히 촉진시키지만 항산화제를 첨가한 경우에는 과산화물 형성을 유의적으로 억제하였으며, 이때의 항산화능은 $BHA>AP+{\alpha}-Toc>{\alpha}-Toc>AP$의 순으로 나타났다. 특히 저장말기까지도 효과가 높았던 천연 항산화제 혼합물인 $AP+{\alpha}-Toc$은 BHA와 유의차가 인정되지 않았다(p>0.05).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.98-102
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• 1993

The therapeutic effectiveness of adenine arabinoside(tora-A) and its conjugate of prednisone(BR-8702-AP) was compared in Herpes simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) infected BALB/C mice. The BALB/C mouse was infected with HSV-1(700 PFU/mouse) intranasally. Among mice infected intranasally with virus, a mortality rate of 100% was observed. On the oral administration of non-toxic doses of ara-A or BR-8702-AP(125 mg /kg/day) for 5 consecutive days 2 hours after virus infection, the tora-A was highly effective in reducing mortality to 0% (P<0.001) and BR-8702-AP was also effective in reducing mortality to 15% (P<0.01). In this model infection, the virus was first replicated in the lung and transmitted to the brain. Both arts-A and BR-8702-AP did not inhibit the viral replication in the lung, but they inhibited the viral transmission to the brain. However, the BR-8702-AP was less effective than the aria-A to prevent transmission of virus to brain. Therefore, the reduced mortality due to tora-A or BR-8702-AP therapy was associated with inhibition of viral transmission to brain.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2019

In canine acute pancreatitis (AP), inappropriate release and activation of zymogen proteases within the pancreas results in the consumption of serum antiproteases. The aim of this study was to examine whether the serum concentrations of ${\alpha}_2$-macroglobulin (A2MG), ${\alpha}_1$-antitrypsin (A1AT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) differ between dogs with AP and healthy dogs. Twenty healthy dogs and 20 dogs with AP were included in this study. Concentrations of A2MG, A1AT, and CRP were measured in the sera of healthy dogs and dogs diagnosed with AP. Serum A2MG and A1AT concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with AP than in healthy dogs, whereas the serum CRP concentration was significantly higher. In addition, the concentrations of A2MG and A1AT were significantly higher in AP survivors than in AP non-survivors, while the CRP concentration was significantly lower. However, in both AP survivors and non-survivors, the CRP concentrations showed a negative correlation with A2MG concentrations but not with A1AT. These findings indicate that serum antiproteases and CRP concentrations might be associated with the mortality rate of AP in dogs.

• BMB Reports
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2001

A cDNA coding alkaline phosphatase (AP) homologue was isolated from a cDNA library of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by colony hybridization. The nucleotide sequence of the cloned cDNA appeared to lack the N-terminal coding region. The genomic DNA encoding alkaline phosphatase homologue was isolated from S. pombe chromosomal DNA using PCR. The amplified DNA fragment was ligated into plasmid pRS315 to generate the recombinant plasmid pSW20. The DNA insert was subcloned as two smaller fragments for nucleotide sequencing. The sequence contains 2,789 by and encodes a protein of 532 amino acids with a molecular mass of 58,666 daltons. The S. pombe cells containing plasmid pSW20 showed much higher AP activity compared with the yeast cells with vector only This indicates that the cloned AP gene apparently encodes AP The predicted amino acid sequence of the S. pombe AP shares homology with those of other known APs.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2015

Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii 유래 alginate lyase 유전자(aly)를 대장균에서 발현시켰을 때, 발현된 대부분의 유전자 산물은 내포체라는 불용성 응집체 형태로 생산되었다. Alginate lyase를 가용성 및 활성형으로 생산하기 위해 Aeropyrum pernix K1 유래의 초고온성 샤페로닌 ApCpnA와 ApCpnB를 공발현 파트너로 도입하였다. aly와 ApCpnA와 ApCpnB 각각과의 공발현 결과, aly 단독발현 때의 alginate lyase 활성 10.1 unit/g-soluble protein에서 ApCpnA와의 공발현 때는 83.1 unit/g-soluble protein, ApCpnB와의 공발현 때는 100.3 unit/g-soluble protein으로 가용성 및 활성형으로의 alginate lyase 생산이 8~10배 크게 향상되었다. 다양한 배양 조건들의 조사를 통해 alginate lyase 최대 생산을 위한 조건은 다음과 같았다: 1.0 mM IPTG, $25^{\circ}C$ 배양 온도(IPTG 유도 후), ApCpnB 공발현 파트너. 이러한 공발현 시스템은 대장균에서 기능적으로 또한 의학적으로 중요한 재조합 단백질의 산업적 생산에 크게 유용하게 사용될 것이다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.358-363
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• 2013

In this paper, we firstly reported a C-type lectin cDNA clone of 1029 bps from the larvae of A. Pernyi (Ap-CTL) using PCR and RACE techniques. The full-length cDNA contains an open reading frame encoding 308 amino acid residues which has two different carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) arranged in tandem. To investigate the biological activities in the innate immunity, recombinant Ap-CTL was expressed in E. coli with a 6-histidine at the amino-terminus (Ap-rCTL). Besides acted as a broad-spectrum recognition protein binding to a wide range of PAMPs and microorganisms, Ap-rCTL also had the ability to recognize and trigger the agglutination of bacteria and fungi. In the proPO activation assay, Ap-rCTL specifically restored the PO activity of hemolymph blocked by anti-Ap-rCTL antibody in the presence of different PAMPs or microorganisms. In summary, Ap-rCTL plays an important role in insect innate immunity as an pattern recognition protein.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1999

Enzymatic conversion of brain glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked alkaline phosphatase (GPI-AP), amphiphilic, was examined. When GPI-AP was incubated with glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD), a negligible conversion of GPI-AP to hydrophilic form was observed. The inclusion of monoacylglycerols enhanced the enzymatic conversion, although the action of monoacylglycerols differed greatly according to the size of acyl group; the enzymatic conversion was enhanced considerably in the presence of monoacylglycerols possessing acyl group of longer chain length ($C_{10-}C_{18}$), which monoacylglycerols with acyl moiety of shorter length ($C_{4-}C_{8}$) did fail to augment the enzymatic conversion. Noteworthy, monooleoylglycerol was much more effective than the other monoacylglycerols in promoting the enzymatic conversion, indicating a beneficial role of the unsaturation in acyl chain. Meanwhile, ionic amphiphiles such as monohexadecyllysophosphatidylcholoine and palmitoyl-carnitine decreased the enzymatic conversion of GPI-AP in a concentration-dependent manner, with monohexadecyllysophosphatidylcholine and palmitoyl-carnitine deceased the enzymatic conversion of GPI-AP in a concentration-dependent manner, with monohexadecyllysophosphatidylcholoine being more inhibitory than palmitoylcarnitine. Separately when GPI-AP was exposed to various oxidants prior to the incubation with GPI-PLD, a remarkable decrease of the enzymatic conversion was observed with hypochlorite and peroynitrite generators, but not $H_{2}O_{2}$. In further study, hypochlorite was found to inactivate GPI-PLD at low concentrations ($3~100{\mu}M$). From these results, it is suggested that the enzymatic conversion of GPI-AP by GPI-PLD may be regulated in vivo system.