• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1803-1825
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• 2017

Let X be a smooth scheme with an action of an algebraic group G. We establish an equivalence of two categories related to the corresponding moment map ${\mu}:T^{\ast}X{\rightarrow}g^{\ast}$ - the derived category of G-equivariant coherent sheaves on the derived fiber ${\mu}^{-1}(0)$ and the derived category of G-equivariant matrix factorizations on $T^{\ast}X{\times}g$ with potential given by ${\mu}$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.226-230
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• 2008

A comparison was made of the effect of different packaging materials on storability of mixed sprout vegetables (alfalfa, broccoli, cabbage, radish, and red radish) stored at $8^{\circ}C$. They were packaged by several kinds of films that were 50 fm thickness low-density polyethylene film (PE 50), 50 fm thickness polypropylene film (PP 50), $50{\mu}m$ thickness ceramic film (CE 50), $25{\mu}m$ thickness ceramic film (CE 25), $10\sim13{\mu}m$ thickness polyethylene film (wrap), and polyethylene terephthalate box with ventilation hole (box). The fresh weight of mixed sprouts packaged with different materials decreased below to 2% except box packages that decreased around 7% compared with initial weight. The atmospheres that were developed inside the different materials during storage differed significantly. The carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration of packages were kept properly with 5% in CE 25, but the PE 50 and CE 50 treatments showed higher carbon dioxide and lower oxygen concentration. So the off-flavor of mixed sprouts was more severe in the PE 50 and CE 50 treatment. The ethylene concentration of packages showed lowest in box treatment, followed by PP 50, wrap and CE 25 treatment. The overall quality of mixed sprouts was lower in PE 50 and CE 50 than CE 25 treatment after 10 days storage, supposed to be resulted from highest ethylene concentration and lowest oxygen concentration. Conclusionally, the CE 25 film that showed below 1% fresh weight loss, 5% carbon dioxide, 5% oxygen and below 4 ppm ethylene concentration in package may be a proper packaging material for mixed sprout vegetables.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.733-739
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• 2004

Model for optimally dimensioned PE film bag was developed according to fruit size to maintain best quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage based on relationship between quality and oxygen and carbon dioxide in PE film bag. Harvested persimmons were graded into five sizes, and average weights were LL:261, L:217, M:188, S:168, and SS:154 g. Five fruit units of each grade were optimized in five PE film bag sizes of $150{\times}376,\;140{\times}357,\;130{\times}344,\;130{\times}333,\;and\;120{\times}3l8\;mm$. To minimize quality deterioration such as softening and discoloration, optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in PE film bag were 0.5-1.0 and 6.0-8.0%, respectively, and optimal thickness of PE film bag according to fruit size were LL:45, L:50, M:55, S:60, and $SS:65\;{\mu}m$. For all fruit sizes, model for PE film bag area $(mm^2)$ was good quadratic simple equation by fruit weight (g): $Y=-4055.707+627.993X_1-0.701{X_1}^2$. Model far optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide (Y) concentration in PE film bag was suited to linear multiple equation by fruit weight $(X_1,\;g)$ and PE film thickness $(X_2,\;{\mu}m)$. Equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations (%) were $Y=5.798-0.0109X_l-0.0491X_2\;and\;Y=-2.427+0.01927X_l +0.09646X_2$, respectively.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2012

This study was conducted to extend the postharvest life of eggplant ($Solanum$ $melongena$ L.) by modified atmosphere packaging using a OPP bag with 1-MCP to evaluate the alleviation effects of that treatment on external chilling injury during at low temperature. 1-MCP treatment at the level of $1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were very effective in delaying the progress of surface bronzing of eggplant during 10 days of storage at $8^{\circ}C$, but not significant at $1^{\circ}C$. Also, the treatment of 1-MCP at the levels of $0.1{\sim}1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ are beneficial to complement low temperature storage and maintain quality indices such as higher firmness and lower weight loss than untreated control even at a critical low temperature 4 to $8^{\circ}C$. The treatment of carbon dioxide using dry ice (DI, 5 g/3 fruits) significantly promoted chilling injury of eggplant stored at $4^{\circ}C$, symptoms were appeared from 3 days after treatment and combination treatment of 1-MCP did not block the development of chilling injury symptom. Meanwhile, single treatment of $CO_2$ absorber (CA, 5 g/3 fruits) or combination treatment with 1-MCP at the level of $1.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ prevented effectively the external and internal chilling injury at $4^{\circ}C$ during 6 days and 15 days of MAP storage, respectively. Results suggest that 1-MCP and carbon dioxide absorber treatments delay fruit deterioration and are beneficial to broaden storage temperature of eggplant fruits.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.107-119
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• 2004

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bee Venom and melittin on the lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)-induced expressions of Cell viability, nitric oxide(NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), extra-signal response kinase(ERK), jun N-terminal Kinase(JNK) and p38 kinase(p38)- mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) Family- in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Methods : The expressions of cell viability by MTT assay, NO by Nitrite assay and iNOS, ERK, JNK and p38 were determined by Western blotting. Results : 1. Compared with the control group, 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin increased cell viability of RAW 264.7 induced by LPS and SNP significantly respectively. 2. Compared with the control group, 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of NO induced by LPS and SNP significantly respectively. 3. Compared with the control group, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of iNOS induced by LPS significantly and 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of iNOS induced by SNP significantly. 4. Compared with the control group, the expression of ERK induced by LPS and SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, which of p-ERK by LPS also did in 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, but which of p-ERK by SNP did not decrease. 5. Compared with the control group, the. expression of JNK induced by LPS and SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, which of p-JNK by LPS in 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin and by SNP in $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin decreased significantly. 6. Compared with the control group, the expression of p38 induced by LPS did not have significant difference, which induced by SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin. p-p38 induced by LPS decreased significantly in the treatment group of $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of melittin, which induced by SNP also decreased significantly in 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.217-218
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• 2012

Among the AKARI all-sky survey data, the $9{\mu}m$ diffuse map is crucial to study the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features on large spatial scales, while the $18{\mu}m$ map is useful to trace hot dust emission. To utilize these advantages, we have improved the AKARI mid-infrared (MIR) all-sky survey diffuse maps. For example, we have established special methods to remove the effects of the ionizing radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and of the scattered light from the moon. Using improved diffuse map data, we study the properties of PAHs and dust in the Galactic center region associated with high-energy phenomena.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.192.1-192
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to develop a model that could be used in the design of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for Mandarin oranges. Respiratory data at 5, 10, 20$^{\circ}C$ for mandarin oranges were gathered and altered for create useful respiration model. The maximum rate of oxygen uptake increased with increasing temperature. The packaging materials were conventional low density polyethylene and polypropylene with anti-fog, and anti-fungi treatments, and thickness was 30 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and 50 $\mu\textrm{m}$. Permeability tests were performed to find their oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor transmission rate as increases in temperature. Test results were then converted to logarithm format for MAP modeling. Optimum gas composition in the package system for fruits were set according to literature and upper or lower limits of oxygen and dioxide established. To predict gas composition at certain storage time, weight of fruits, film thickness, film type, and other variables, respiration rate was studied at various storage conditions. The validity of the model was tested experimentally by observing actual atmospheric changes inside packages. It is concluded that the strategy developed is of use in designing dynamic gas exchange MAP systems, and also has potential uses in similar agricultural products.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.718-724
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• 1996

Deformation mechanism map of Langdon-Mohammed type for YBa2Cu3O7-x superconducting ceramic was constructed by considering mechanisms of Nabarro-Herring Coble and powder-law creep and grain boundary sliding (GBS) with an accommodation by grain boundary diffusion. The map was found consistent with experi-mental results not only of the creep the also of the superplastic deformation. It showed the transition from interface reaction-controlled to the grain boundary diffusion-controlled GBS mechanism at about 1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ grain size and 100 MPa flow stress in agreement with the experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.4 no.1 s.6
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• pp.57-66
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• 1996

For the effective use of spatial data, it is necessary to translate the diverse digital map data (here, digital map for car navigation system) into common GIS data structure(here, ARC/INFO). For this purpose, analysis on the structure of the established digital map was fulfilled, the data model for effective translation tool was designed. As a result, the possibility to translate diverse digital map structures (database) into GIS tools and to share them, with the users' point of view, was successfully verified.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on hair growth promotion of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) for the treatment of alopecia. Aqueous solutions of MAP 7.5% with or without MSM 1%, 5% or 10% were prepared and applied onto the depilated back skin of the male mice once a day for 20 days. The degree of hair growth was evaluated by visual scoring using hair growth quantification scale (0-5, 0 being initial state and 5 being complete hair growth). In vitro transdermal penetration and intradermal retention studies of MAP were performed with Franz diffusion cell using hairless mice skin. Hair growth in the group treated with the aqueous solution containing MAP 7.5% and MSM 10% was comparable to or better than the result in the group treated with minoxidil 5% solution. Hair growth promotion of MAP was dose-dependently increased by the presence of MSM used in combination with MAP 7.5% solution. The in vitro transdermal penetration of the MAP was decreased in proportion to the concentration of MSM. However, intradermal retention of MAP was profoundly and dose-proportionally increased as a function of MSM concentration, reaching 802 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ in the presence of MSM 10% (200-fold increase). The effect of MSM on hair growth promotion of MAP was dose-proportional to the concentration of MSM due to the enhanced intradermal retention of MAP in the presence of MSM. Therefore, topical application of MAP together with MSM appears to be useful for the treatment of alopecia.