• Advances in materials Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.51-74
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• 2012

A powder metallurgy-based rapid consolidation technique, Plasma Pressure Compaction ($P^2C^{(R)}$), was utilized to produce near-net shape parts of gamma titanium aluminides (${\gamma}$-TiAl). Micron-sized ${\gamma}$-TiAl powders, composed of Ti-50%Al and Ti-48%Al-2%Cr-2%Nb (at%), were rapidly consolidated to form near-net shape ${\gamma}$-TiAl parts in the form of 1.0" (25.4 mm) diameter discs, as well as $3"{\times}2.25"$ ($76.2mm{\times}57.2mm$) tiles, having a thickness of 0.25" (6.35 mm). The ${\gamma}$-TiAl parts were consolidated to near theoretical density. The microstructural morphology of the consolidated parts was found to vary with consolidation conditions. Mechanical properties exhibited a strong dependence on microstructural morphology and grain size. Because of the rapid consolidation process used here, grain growth during consolidation was minimal, which in turn led to enhanced mechanical properties. Consolidated ${\gamma}$-TiAl samples corresponding to Ti-48%Al-2%Cr-2%Nb composition with a duplex microstructure (with an average grain size of $5{\mu}m$) exhibited superior mechanical properties. Flexural strength, ductility, elastic modulus and fracture toughness for these samples were as high as 1238 MPa, 2.3%, 154.58 GPa and 17.95 MPa $m^{1/2}$, respectively. The high temperature mechanical properties of the consolidated ${\gamma}$-TiAl samples were characterized in air and vacuum and were found to retain flexural strength and elastic modulus for temperatures up to $700^{\circ}C$. At high temperatures, the flexural strength of ${\gamma}$-TiAl samples with Ti-50%Al composition deteriorated in air by 10% as compared to that in vacuum. ${\gamma}$-TiAl samples with Ti-48%Al-2%Nb-2%Cr composition exhibited better if not equal flexural strength in air than in vacuum at high temperatures.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2017

In this study, the variations of microstructures and tensile properties of Ti-(44-54)at.%Al binary alloys were investigated. The heat-treated microstructure depended greatly on their solidification structure and annealing temperature. We measured the variations of volume fractions of primary and secondary lamellar structure as a function of the heat treatment temperature in a Ti-47at.%Al alloy. The variation of ductility as a function of Al content was in good agreement with the change of fracture mode in the tensile fracture surface. It can be inferred that the variations of yield stress and hardness of ${\gamma}$ phase in a single ${\gamma}$-phase field region are enhanced by anti-site defects created by deviations from the stoichiometric composition. In a Ti-47at.%Al alloy within the (${\alpha}_2+{\gamma}$) two-phase field, the yield stress tended to be the maximum at a near equal volume fraction of lamellar and ${\gamma}$ grains. The ductility depended sensitively on the overall grain size and Al content. The calculation of fracture strain using Chan's model indicated that the change of ductility as a function of annealing temperature was primarily determined by the variations in the overall grain size and lamellar volume fraction.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2006

Structural studies have been performed on precipitation hardening found in $L1_2$ ordered ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Ni_3(Al,Ti)$ alloys using transmission electron microscopy. A uniform solid solution of ${\gamma}^{\prime}-L1_2$ ordered phase supersaturated with Ni can be obtained by solution annealing in a suitable temperature range. The ${\gamma}^{\prime}$ phase hardens appreciably by the fine precipitation of disordered ${\gamma}$. The shape of ${\gamma}$ precipitates formed during aging is initially spherical or round-cubic and grow into platelets as aging proceeds. High resolution electron microscopy revealed that the ${\gamma}$ precipitates are perfectly coherent with the matrix ${\gamma}^{\prime}$ as long as the ${\gamma}$-precipitates are plates. The loss of coherency initiates by the introduction of dislocations at the ${\gamma}/{\gamma}^{\prime}$ interface followed by the step formation at the dislocations. The ${\gamma}$ precipitates become globular after the loss of coherency. The strength of ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Ni_3(Al,Ti)$ increases over the temperature range of experiment by the precipitation of fine ${\gamma}$ particles. The peak temperature where a maximum strength was obtained shifted to higher temperature.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.596-603
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• 1995

${\gamma}-TiAl$ 금속간화합물에 크롬과 질소첨가의 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 첨가량에 따른 열처리 전후의 미세조직과 기계적 성질을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 질소첨가량이 증가할수록 결정립이 미세화되고 항복강도가 증가되었으며 크롬과 질소의 동시첨가의 경우가 이들의 효과가 현저하였다. 또한 이들 원소의 첨가로 $Ti_2AlN$이 제3상으로 생성되어 열처리시 ${\alpha}_2/{\gamma}$층상조직의 안정화를 보였으며 첨가량을 다량으로 하였을 때 결정립의 크기가 급격히 감소함에도 상온연성이 감소되는 것은 $Ti_2AlN$의 크기에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 적정량의 크롬과 질소를 동시첨가하여 열처리시 상온연성 및 항복강도가 향상되었다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2018

In this paper, a neutron moderation system for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) based on a $^{252}Cf$ neutron source is proposed. Different materials have been studied in order to produce a high percentage of epithermal neutrons. A moderator with a construction mixture of $AlF_3$ and Al, three reflectors of $Al_2O_3$, BeO, graphite, and seven filters (Bi, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ti, a two-layer filter of Ti+Bi, and a two-layer filter of Ti+Pb) is considered. The MCNPX simulation code has been used to calculate the neutron and gamma flux at the output window of the neutronic system. The results show that the epithermal neutron flux is relatively high for four filters: Ti+Pb, Ti+Bi, Bi, and Ti. However, a layer of Ti cannot reduce the contribution of ${\gamma}$-rays at the output window. Although the neutron spectra filtered by the Ti+Bi and Ti+Pb overlap, a large fraction of neutrons (74.95%) has epithermal energy when the Ti+Pb is used as a filter. However, the percentages of the fast and thermal neutrons are 25% and 0.5%, respectively. The Bi layer provides a relatively low epithermal neutron flux. Moreover, an assembly configuration of 30% $AlF_3+70%$ Al moderator/$Al_2O_3$ reflector/a two-layer filter of Ti+Pb reduces the fast neutron flux at the output port much more than other assembly combinations. In comparison with a recent model suggested by Ghassoun et al., the proposed neutron moderation system provides a higher epithermal flux with a relatively low contamination of gamma rays.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 1995년도 춘계학술강연 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.11-12
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• 1995

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1992년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.24-25
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• 1992

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표강연 및 눈문개요집
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• pp.121-121
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• 1999

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1993년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.16-16
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• 1993

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.172-175
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• 2001

The high temperature deformation behavior of two-phase gamma TiAl alloy has been investigated with the variation of temperature and ${\gamma}/{\alpha}_2$ volume fraction. For this purpose, a series of load relaxation tests and tensile tests have been conducted at temperature ranging from 800 to $1050^{\circ}C$. In the early stage of the deformation as in the load relaxation test experimental flow curves of the fine-grained TiAl alloy are well fitted with the combined curves of two processes (grain matrix deformation and dislocation climb) in the inelastic deformation theory. The evidence of grain boundary sliding has not been observed at this stage. However, when the amount of deformation is large (${\epsilon}{\approx}$ 0.8), flow curves significantly changes its shape indicating that grain boundary sliding also operates at this stage, which has been attributed to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization during the deformation. With the increase in the volume fraction of ${\alpha}_2$-phase, the flow stress for grain matrix deformation increases since ${\alpha}_2$-Phase is considered as hard phase acting as barrier for dislocation movement. It is considered that cavity initiation is more probable to occur at ${\alpha}_2/{\gamma}$ interface rather than at ${\gamma}/{\gamma}$ interface.