• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.721-730
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• 2017

This study determined the optimal mixing ratio of functional materials to enhance the functionality of batter for fish cutlets. An optimal mixing ratio of the hiziki Hizikia fusiformis, fig fruit Ficus carica L. and pear Pyrus pyrifolia Niitaka extracts (HFP extract) of 3:1:1 was found. The physicochemical properties of the mixture were as follows: total phelonic contents of $1187.29{\pm}41.55mg/L$, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of $61.50{\pm}2.33%$, ascorbic acid content of $23.68{\pm}0.02g/100g$, ${\beta}-carotene$ content of $51{\pm}3.92{\mu}g/100g$, and sugar content of $12.7{\pm}0.1Brix^{\circ}$. A mixture of the extract, Korean herbal powder, and wheat flour was prepared as the fish cutlet batter. The fish cutlet prepared with the batter had a hardness of $166-202g/cm^2$ and Hunter's color scale values L of $31.14{\pm}2.1$ to $34.62{\pm}1.3$, a of $-4.89{\pm}0.21$ to $-2.26{\pm}0.19$ and b of $-20.65{\pm}2.65$ to $28.93{\pm}3.14$. The FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen) of the fish cutlets were measured to evaluate functionality and determine the optimal mixing ratio for cold storage at $-12^{\circ}C$, $-18^{\circ}C$, and $-24^{\circ}C$. The optimum mixture ratio of extracts /Korean herbal powder/ wheat flour was 1:6:3.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.75-88
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• 1996

The analytic and numerical solution of the 1$\frac{1}{2}$-layer and 2$\frac{1}{2}$-layer models are derived. The large coastal-sea level drop and the fast westward speed of the anticyclonic gyre due to strong offshore winds using two ocean models are investigated. The models are forced by wind stress fields similar in structure to the intense mountain-pass jets(${\sim}$20 dyne/$cm^{2}$) that appear in the Gulfs of Tehuantepec and Papagayo in the Central America for periods of 3${\sim}$7 days. Analytic and numerical solutions compare favorably with observations, the large sea-level drop (${\sim}$30 cm) at the coast and the fast westward propagation speeds (${\sim}$13 km/day) of the gyres. The coastal sea-level drop is enhanced by several factors: horizontal mixing, enhanced forcing, coastal geometry, and the existence of a second active layer in the 2$\frac{1}{2}$-layer model. Horizontal mixing enhances the sea-level drop because the coastal boundary layer is actually narrower with mixing. The forcing ${\tau}$/h is enhanced near the coast where h is thin. Especially, in analytic solutions to the 2$\frac{1}{2}$-layer model the presence of two baroclinic modes increases the sea-level drop to some degree. Of theses factors the strengthened forcing ${\tau}$/h has the largest effect on the magnitude of the drop, and when all of them are included the resulting maximum drop is -30.0 cm, close to observed values. To investigate the processes that influence the propagation speeds of anticyclonic gyre, several test wind-forced calculations were carried out. Solutions to dynamically simpler versions of the 1$\frac{1}{2}$-layer model show that the speed is increased both by ${\beta}$-induced self-advection and by larger h at the center ofthe gyres. Solutions to the 2$\frac{1}{2}$-layer model indicate that the lower-layer flow field advects the gyre westward and southward, significantly increasing their propagation speed. The Papagayo gyre propagates westward at a speed of 12.8 km/day, close to observed speeds.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.173-182
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• 1996

A median-density fluid was injected into the upper layer of a two-layered fluid in a rotating cylindrical container. Several sets of the top and bottom boundary configurations were employed and the flow pattern of each layer including the injected fluid was observed to determine the factors that affect the path of the injected intermediate fluid. The axisymmetric path of the intermediate fluid when the upper layer had a free surface, changed into the asymmetric path with bulged-shape radial spreading whenever either the upper layer or the lower layer had ${\beta}$-effect. The internal Fronds number that controls the shape of the interface turned out to be the most important parameter that determines the radial spreading in terms of location and strength. When the upper and lower layer had the ${\beta}$-effect, convective overturning produced anticyclonic vortices at the frontal edge of the intermediate fluid, and that could enhance the vertical mixing of different density fluids. The intermediate fluid did not produce any topographic effect on the upper-layer motion during its spreading over the interface, since its thickness was very small. However, its anticyclonic motion within the bulged-shape produced a cyclonic motion in the lower layer just beneath the bulge.

• 분석과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-242
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• 1998

이온 운반 물질로 키틴(poly-[$1{\rightarrow}4$]-${\beta}$-acetyl-D-glucosamine)을 사용하고, 지지체(matrix)로 Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)를, 가소제로는 Dioctyl sebacate(DOS)를 사용하여 키틴 막 전극을 제작하였다. 얇은 조각 형태의 키틴을 막자사발로 갈아 100 메시(mesh)의 체에 거른 후, 이때 모아진 일정 크기의 미세 가루를 사용하였다. 키틴 막 전극을 지시 전극으로 사용하여 금속 양이온들의 감응전위를 알아본 결과, 특히 $Cd^{2+}$와 $Cu^{2+}$에 대한 감응전위를 기울기(mV/decade)는 바탕 전해질이 pH 4 acetate buffer에서 각각 34.9 mV/decade, 34.0 mV/decade로 다른 금속 양이온들에 비하여 크게 나타났다. 또한 pH 영향을 조사해 본 결과, pH 2~12 범위에서 전위값이 일정하게 유지되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2008

Food compost, having a higher organic contents than soil, could be an alternative material to prevent the proliferation of heavy metals contamination in soil. In this study we used a convection-dispersion local equilibrium sorption model(CDE) and a two-site non-equilibrium sorption model to find the effects on the adsorption and transportation of Pb by mixing food compost with soil and we also tried to find the effect of velocity and concentration of the injected solution on the characteristics of Pb. We measured Pb concentrations in injection-liquid and in effluent, and then applied them to CXTFIT program. As a result of column experiments, some parameters(D, R, ${\beta}$, ${\omega}$) used in two-site non-equilibrium adsorption model were obtained. Characteristics of Pb adsorption and transport were analyzed using the parameters(D, R, ${\beta}$, ${\omega}$) obtained from the CXTFIT program, We could know that mixed soil with food compost showed a higher adsorption capacity from the retardation factor(R) calculated from the breakthrough curve(BTCs) of Pb. Rs of soil and mixed soil are 20.45, 37.45 respectively, indicating that the adsorption and the transportation characteristics could be accessed quantitatively by using of two-site non-equilibrium adsorption model.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.402-407
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• 2018

Molybdenum silicide has gained interest for high temperature structural applications. However, poor fracture toughness at room temperatures and low creep resistance at elevated temperatures have hindered its practical applications. This study uses a novel powder metallurgical approach applied to uniformly mixed molybdenum silicide-based composites with silicon carbide. The degree of powder mixing with different ball milling time is also demonstrated by Voronoi diagrams. Core-shell composite powder with Mo nanoparticles as the shell and ${\beta}-SiC$ as the core is prepared via chemical vapor transport. Using this prepared core-shell composite powder, the molybdenum silicide-based composites with uniformly dispersed ${\beta}-SiC$ are fabricated using pressureless sintering. The relative density of the specimens sintered at $1500^{\circ}C$ for 10 h is 97.1%, which is similar to pressure sintering owing to improved sinterability using Mo nanoparticles.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2010

NaCl-$CaCl_2$-$H_2O$와 KCl-$CaCl_2$-$H_2O$계의 용해도와 물리화학적 성질(굴절률)을 $50^{\circ}C$에서 측정하였으며, 그 결과를 상평형 그림과 조성에 따른 물리화학적 성질에 대한 도표로 나타내었다. 삼성분계의 상 평형 그림은 불변점이 하나, 일변수 곡선이 둘, NaCl (또는 KCl) 및 $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$에 대응되는 결정화 지역이 두 개가 있음을 보여주었다. 이들 계에 대하여 혼합 파라미터인 ${\theta}_{M,Ca}$와 ${\Psi}_{M,Ca,Cl}$ (M = Na or K), 평형상수 $K_{sp}$를 최소제곱법을 이용하여 결정하였으며, 이때, NaCl, KCl 및 $CaCl_2$의 단일-염 Pitzer 파라미터 ${\beta}^{(0)}$, ${\beta}^{(1)}$, ${\beta}^{(2)}$ and $C^{\Phi}$는 참고문헌을 통하여 직접 계산하였다. 이 결과들은 실험결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

최근 콘크리트 산업은 $CO_2$ 가스 배출 저감을 목적으로 플라이애시 및 고로슬래그 미분말 등의 혼화재 사용량이 증가되고 있다. 그러나 국내의 경우 구조설계기준에서 사용되고 있는 강도 발현 예측 모델은 시멘트 종류 및 양생방법에 따른 상수값 ${\beta}_{sc}$를 포틀랜드시멘트에 관해서만 규정함에 따라 플라이애시 및 고로슬래그 미분말을 혼합 사용한 콘크리트의 시간에 따른 강도 발현 특성을 반영하지 못하는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 플라이애시 및 고로스래그 미분말을 혼합한 보통강도 및 고강도 영역의 콘크리트의 시간에 따른 강도를 평가하였으며, 혼화재 종류 및 혼합률에 따른 콘크리트 강도발현 상수 ${\beta}_{sc}$ 값을 제안하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2007년도 제34회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.118-125
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• 2007

The firtst-order conditional moment closure (CMC) model is applied to CH4/air swirl diffusion flame in a gas turbine model combustor. The flow and mixing fields are calculated by fast chemistry assumption with SLFM library and a beta function pdf for mixture fraction. RNG k-e model is used to consider the swirl flame in a confined wall. Reacting scalar fields are calculated by elliptic CMC formulation with chemical kinetic mechanism, GRI Mech 3.0. Validation is done against measurement data for mean flow and scalar fields in the model combustor [1]. Results show reasonable agreement with the mean mixture fraction and its variance, while temperature is overpredicted as the level of local extinction increases. The second-order CMC model is needed to consider local extinction with considerable conditional fluctuations near the nozzle.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.60-62
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• 2005

A previously healthy 57-year-old woman with dyspnea and wheezing presented to the emergency department a few minutes after exposure to unknown gas from mixing bleach (sodium hypochlorite) and cleaning agent (hydrochloric acid) at work place. Initial physical examination revealed severe wheezing on both whole lung fields, but the chest radiograph was normal. Arterial blood gas analysis showed only moderate hypoxemia. The patient was treated with oxygen, $\beta$adrenergic bronchodilators, antihistamines and corticosteroids, after then symptoms were improved. And the patient discharged against medical advice. We report a rare case of reactive airways dysfuntion syndrome from chlorine gas exposure.