• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2009

식물병의 생물학적 방제에 관련한 chitinase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase의 발현 패턴을 살펴보기 위하여 3 품종(Capitol, Pollen 및 Saturnin)의 유로용 유채를 조사하였다. 유채 old leaf에서 병발생관련 단백질의 활성 중에서 chitinase의 경우 단백질 mg당 9.7${\sim}$11.8 unit, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase의 경우 단백질 mg당 11.1${\sim}$17.3 unit, peroxidase의 경우 단백질 mg당 0.6${\sim}$1.7 unit를 나타내었다. 유채 뿌리내 효소의 활성 중에서 chitinase의 경우 단백질 mg당 39.2${\sim}$49.0 unit, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase의 경우 단백질 mg당 49.9${\sim}$62.0 unit, peroxidase의 경우 단백질 mg당 2.4${\sim}$3.8 unIt를 나타내었다. Chitinase와 ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase 활성은 Saturnin 잎과 Capitol 뿌리내에서 가장 높았고, 반면 Capitol 잎에서 가장 낮은 수준을 보였다. 또한, chitinase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase 및 peroxidase 활성은 Saturnin 뿌리내에서 가장 낮은 수준을 보였다. Chitinase 동위효소가 잎(73, 51, 40, 34, 29 kDa)과 뿌리 (100, 57 34, 29 kDa)의 SDS-PAGE 겔 상에서 보였다. ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase 동위효소가 잎과 뿌리 (75, 55 kDa)의 SDS-PAGE 겔 상에서 보였다. Peroxidase 활성염색은 Pollen의 잎과 뿌리내에서 가장 강하게 나타났다. Peroxidase 동위효소는 잎(122, 114, 93 kDa)과 뿌리(135, 122, 114, 93 kDa)의 Native-PAGE 겔 상에서 보였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 유채 조직내 효소 발현 패턴의 확립은 유채 생육기간 동안 식물병에 대한 저항성과 관련하여 중요한 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

최근 들어서 생물학적 제어 방법의 하나로써 키틴분해 미생물을 이용한 제어 수단이 식물병제어에 일정한 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. Fusarium 시들음병을 억제하기 위하여 40kg의 키틴퇴비를 면적이 $7.5m^2$ 인 토양에 정식 7일전 처리하였으며 토마토가 시들음병 증세를 보이기 시작하는 날(정식 후 66일)로부터 시작하여 4번에 걸쳐 시료를 채취하였다. 키틴퇴비 처리구(CTC)의 근권토양의 키틴효소와 ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan 효소 활성은 일반퇴비 처리구 (CC) 토양 보다 항상 높은 값을 나타냈다. 그러나 식물체 뿌리에서 측정된 chitinase, ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase과 같은 병 관련 효소들은 CNC에서 실험기간동안 증가 추이를 보였다. 실험의 마지막 단계인 정식 후 96일째에는 CTC의 토마토는 CC 와 비교 할 때 25% 낮은 치사율을 나타냈다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2004

Pseudomonas fluorescens 1-94 induced systemic resistance in chickpea against Fusarium wilt of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri by the synthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds, phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) and pathogenesis related(PR) proteins(chitinase, $\beta$-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase). Time-course accumulation of these enzymes in chickpea plants inoculated with P. fluorescens was significantly(LSD, P=0.05) higher than control. Maximum activities of PR-proteins were recorded at 3 days after inoculation in all induced plants; thereafter, the activity decreased progressively. Five PR peroxidases detected in induced chickpea plants. Molecular mass of these purified peroxidases was 20, 29, 43, 66 and 97 kDa. Purified peroxidases showed antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2015

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to confer disease resistance to plants. Bacillus sp. JS demonstrated antifungal activities against five fungal pathogens in in vitro assays. To verify whether the volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS confer disease resistance, tobacco leaves pre-treated with the volatiles were damaged by the fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani and oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae. Pre-treated tobacco leaves had smaller lesion than the control plant leaves. In pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression analysis, volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS caused the up-regulation of PR-2 encoding ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase and acidic PR-3 encoding chitinase. Expression of acidic PR-4 encoding chitinase and acidic PR-9 encoding peroxidase increased gradually after exposure of the volatiles to Bacillus sp. JS. Basic PR-14 encoding lipid transfer protein was also increased. However, PR-1 genes, as markers of salicylic acid (SA) induced resistance, were not expressed. These results suggested that the volatiles of Bacillus sp. JS confer disease resistance against fungal and oomycete pathogens through PR genes expression.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1073-1079
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• 2005

To investigate plant protection, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and plant defense enzymes related to cell wall lignification were studied in pepper plants inoculated with antagonistic Bacillus subtilis HJ927 and pathogenic strain Phytophthora capsici. Phytophthora blight disease was reduced by $53\%$ in pepper roots when preinoculated with B. subtilis HJ927 against P. capsici. The activities of PR proteins (chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3,-glucanase) and defense-related enzymes (peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) decreased in roots of B. subtilis+P capsid-treated plants, but increased in leaves with time. The decrease and increase were much greater in P. capsici-treated plants than in B. subtilis HJ927+P capsici-treated plants, although P. capsici-treated plants had more severe damage. Therefore, changes of enzyme activities do not seem to be directly related to plant protection. We suggest that the change of these enzymes in pathogen-treated plants may be related to plant response rather than to resistance against pathogen attacks.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.553-562
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• 2004

To investigate protective activity in pepper plants, which were pre-inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus intra radices (Gi), against pathogenic strain Phytophthora capsici (Pc), pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and antioxidant enzymes were examined. The growth of root and shoot was the highest in peppers inoculated with G. intraradices, compared with non-inoculated control plants and those challenged by the pathogen with and without mycorrhizae after nine days of infection. Mycorrhizal colonization rate was reduced by about 10% in pathogen-challenged plants, but disease pressure was reduced. The activities of PR proteins, $\beta$-1- 3-glucanase and chitinase, were increased in Pc-treated plants compared to Gi+Pc-treated plants in leaves, but those in roots were suppressed. Superoxide dismutase activity and $H_2O_2${/TEX> content in Gi+Pc and Pc-treated plants were gradually increased in leaves. However, those in roots continuously increased up to 5 days, and then decreased dramatically. Peroxidase activity in leaves and roots increased after P. capsici infection both in plants inoculated with or without G. intraradices. These results suggest that AM fungi, G. intra radices, potentially act as one of the protective agents against plant pathogens. Changes of PR proteins and antioxidative enzymes in mycorrhizae-inoculated pepper appear to be regulated differently in leaves and roots by pathogen infection.