• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.371-375
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• 2007

To control blood glucose level as close to normal is a major goal of treatment of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are the major risk factors for cardiovascular complications, the major cause of immature death among the patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Salicornia herbacea in animal model of type 2 diabetes and to investigate the possible mechanisms for the beneficial effects of S. herbacea. S. herbacea was extracted with 70% ethanol and desalted with 100% ethanol. Three week-old db/db mice (C57BL/KsJ, n=16) were fed AIN-93G semipurified diet or diet containing 1% desalted ethanol extract of S. herbacea for 6 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. Fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were measured by enzymatic methods and blood glycated hemoglobin ($HbA_{1C}$) by the chromatographic method. Body weight and food intake of S. herbacea group were not significantly different from those of the control group. Fasting plasma glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels tended to be lowered by S. herbacea treatment. Consumption of S. herbacea extract significantly decreased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels (p<0.05). The inhibition of S. herbacea extract against yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase was 31.9% of that of acarbose at the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL in vitro. The inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of S. herbacea against porcine pancreatic lipase was 59.0% of that of orlistat at the concentration of 0.25 mg/mL in vitro. Thus, these results suggest that S. herbacea could be effective in controlling hyperlipidemia by inhibition of pancreatic lipase in animal model of type 2 diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2001

The biological activities of ethanol, ethanol: water(1 : 1v/v) and water extracts from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, glycyrrhizin and enzymatically hydrolyzed glycyrrhizin were compared. About 50% of the growth of MCF7, A549, Hep3B and AGS cells were inhibited in adding 1.0 g/L of the crude extracts, glycyrrhizin and enzymatically hydrolyzed glycyrrhizin. For example, the ethanol extract inhibited 76%, 66% in MCF7 and Hep3B cells by adding 1.0 g/L. For cytotoxicity on human normal liver cell(WRL-68), the crude extracts were scored as above 26%. For the result of antimutagenecity using CHO V79 cell, the crude extracts proved more effective than other samples. The growth of human immune B and T cells were enhanced up to $1.2{\sim}1.3$ times by adding the crude extracts. In inhibitory effect of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity was showed that the ethanol extract, water extract and ethanol: water (1 : 1v/v) extract were appeared 65%, 68%, 62% in adding 1.0 g/L. The higher enhancement of glutathione -S-transferase activity was observed in the ethanol extract as 257% compared to the control in adding 1.0 g/L. From the results, the biological activities of the crude extracts were equivalent or higher than glycyrrhizin and enzymatically hydrolyzed glycyrrhizin.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.445-453
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• 2016

Eighty-four strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Korean fermented foods for the production of fermented apple juice. Among these strains, the JBE245 strain that showed rapid growth and food functionality was selected and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. This strain reached the stationary phase after 24 h fermentation at $30^{\circ}C$ with $1.5{\times}10^8$ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL of viable cells, and maintained its viability levels even after 14 days of storage. During fermentation, the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity (40.4%), total polyphenol content (583.6 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL), and 2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl-hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (52%) were increased. As judged by a sensory test, the overall preference for the fermented juice (4.22) was comparable to that for the unfermented juice (4.72), indicating that fermentation does not significantly affect the sensory characteristics of apple juice. Consequently, the fermented beverage containing L. plantarum JBE245 and apple juice is a promising functional health food.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2019

Sedum kamchaticum, Sedum middendorffianum and Sedum takesimense belong to the sebum species. Especially, Sedum takesimense is a Korean native species growing only on Ullenung-do. Few studies for the biological activities of these plants have been reported. In this study, we examined biological activity and the contents of functional components of the aerial part and the root part of Sedum kamchaticum, Sedum middendorffianum and Sedum takesimense. As the results, the roots of Sedum takesimense showed the highest total phenolic contents (TPC : $13040{\pm}50.0mg\;GAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$), and the aerial part of Sedum takesimens showed the highest total flavonoid contents (TFC : $2722.2{\pm}107.1mg\;CAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). Meanwhile, Sedum middendorffianum exhibited the highest anti-oxidant activity (DPPH $RC_{50}$ value of aerial part : $50.69{\pm}0.75{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, DPPH $RC_{50}$ value of root part : $27.27{\pm}0.55{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$; ABTS $RC_{50}$ value of aerial part : $11.32{\pm}0.38{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, ABTS $RC_{50}$ value of roots part $5.54{\pm}0.02{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). The root part of Sedum middendorffianum showed the potent alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity (AGI $IC_{50}$ : $60.69{\pm}0.72{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). In order to elucidate active principle of Sedum middendorffianum that was shown the most potent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities, the methanol extract of Sedum middendorffianum was fractionated with various solvents according to the polarity successively. As a result, EtOAc fraction of Sedum middendorffianum showed the highest contents of functional components (TPC : $16245.8{\pm}1025.7mg\;GAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, TFC : $4850.4{\pm}182.9mg\;CAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). And it also showed excellent anti-oxidant activities (DPPH $RC_{50}$ : $14.0{\pm}0.6{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, ABTS $RC_{50}$ : $3.4{\pm}0.1{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$) and anti-diabetic activity (AGI $IC_{50}$ : $79.0{\pm}2.2{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). Above results suggest that Sedum middendorffianum can be developed to health functional material as a plant resource with potent antioxidant activity.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.866-877
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to develop a new functional traditional fermented soybean food using Cudrania tricuspidata fruits and fermentation microbes isolated from traditional fermented food. Aspergillus oryzae koji, Lactobacillus sp., and Bacillus sp. were used for the selection of a suitable microbe for the fermentation of Cudrania tricuspidata fruits, and as a result, Bacillus licheniformis SCDB 1234 was selected. SCDB 1234 enhanced the concentration of kaempferol in the Cudrania tricuspidata fruits from 9.54 to $217.04{\mu}g/g$ (about 22 times). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the fermented materials was similar to that of BHA and BHT (92~99 ppm). The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was high with arbutin (95 ppm) and kojic acid (90 ppm). Doenjang-added fermentation materials of the Cudrania tricuspidata fruits were developed, and the organic acid, reducing sugar, and free amino acid of the developed Doenjang were analyzed. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory (PLI) activity and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activity of the fermentation materials of the Cudrania tricuspidata fruits and the developed Doenjang were investigated, and it was found that after fermentation, the PLI and AGI activities of the fermentation materials of the Cudrania tricuspidata fruits were higher than those before fermentation, and that the AGI activity of the developed Doenjang after aging ($91.25{\pm}0.04%$) was higher than that before aging ($84.89{\pm}0.08%$).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.517-527
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• 2018

The current study investigated in vitro anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction in Actinidia arguta sprouts (EFAS), on $H_2O_2$ and high glucose-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma MC-IXC cells. EFAS had high total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. An assessment of 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity of EFAS, as well as its potential for inhibiting malondialdehyde production, indicated that EFAS may possess significant antioxidant properties. EFAS exerted inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ via glycemic regulation which forms advanced glycation end products. In addition, EFAS exhibited significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. Moreover, EFAS displayed protective effects against $H_2O_2$ and high glucose-induced cell death, and inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species in MC-IXC cells. Finally, the main physiological compound of EFAS was identified via high performance liquid chromatography as a rutin.