• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2003

A new series of highly water soluble platinum(II) complexes[Pt(II)(DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate)(trans-l-1,2-dimninocyc1ohexane)] (PC-1) and [Pt(II)DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate](cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)](PC-2) were synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques [infrared(IR), $^{13}C$-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. In vitro antitumor activity of new Pt(II)complexes was tested against MKN-45, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using colorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay for cell survival and proliferation. PC-1 and PC-2 showed active against MKN-45/P, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric cancer cell lines, and the antitumor activity of these compounds were comparable or superior to that of cisplatin. The nephrotoxicities of PC-1 and PC-2 were found quite less then that of cisplatin using MTT and [$^3H$] thymidine uptake tests in rabbit proximal tubule cells, human kidney cortical cells human renal cortical tissues. Based on these results, these novel platinum(II) complex compounds(PC-1 ＆ PC-2) represent a valuable lead in the development of the new anticancer chemotherapeutic agents capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2015

Abalone containing phlorotannins is produced by feeding the phlorotannin-rich brown seaweed Eisenia bicyclis after 4 days of starvation. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to isolate and quantify phlorotannins, which were identified by mass spectrometry and [$^1H$]-nuclear magnetic resonance to be the P1 compound, 7-phloroeckol, and eckol. When E. bicyclis was used as feed, P1 compound accumulated to an average of 1.60 mg/g dry weight of abalone muscle tissue after 18 d, 7-phloroeckolol to 0.21 mg/g after 16 d, and eckol to 0.22 mg/g after 12 d. Saccharina japonica was used as a control feed, and the abalone showed little or no accumulation of phlorotannins in muscle tissue. Feed consumption and growth rate were very similar when either E. bicyclis or S. japonica was fed for 20 d. Half-maximal reductions in the levels of P1 compound, 7-phloroeckol, and eckol accumulation were attained in 1.5, 1.9, and 3.4 days, respectively, after the feed was switched from E. bicyclis to S. japonica. Value-added abalone containing bioactive phlorotannins can be produced by simply changing the feed to the phlorotannin-rich E. bicyclis 18 d prior to harvesting.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.419-424
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• 2012

High-fat diets (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diets (HCD)-induced obesity through different pathways, but the metabolic differences between these diets are not fully understood. Therefore, we applied proton nuclear magnetic resonance ($^1H$ NMR)-based metabolomics to compare the metabolic patterns between C57BL/6 mice fed HCD and those fed HFD. Principal component analysis derived from $^1H$ NMR spectra of urine showed a clear separation between the HCD and HFD groups. Based on the changes in urinary metabolites, the slow rate of weight gain in mice fed the HCD related to activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (resulting in increased levels of citrate and succinate in HCD mice), while the HFD affected nicotinamide metabolism (increased levels of 1-methylnicotineamide, nicotinamide-N-oxide in HFD mice), which leads to systemic oxidative stress. In addition, perturbation of gut microflora metabolism was also related to different metabolic patterns of those two diets. These findings demonstrate that $^1H$ NMR-based metabolomics can identify diet-dependent perturbations in biological pathways.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2016

Among 116 bacterial strains isolated from Korean fermented foods, one strain (SS-76) was selected for producing new oligosaccharides in a basal medium containing maltose as the sole source of carbon. Upon morphological characterization using scanning electron microscopy, the cells of strain SS-76 appeared rod-shaped; subsequent 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain SS-76 was phylogenetically close to Bacillus subtilis. The main oligosaccharide fraction B extracted from the culture supernatant of B. subtilis SS-76 was purified by high performance liquid chromatography. Subsequent structural analysis revealed that this oligosaccharide consisted only of glucose, and methylation analysis indicated similar proportions of glucopyranosides in the 6-linkage, 4-linkage, and non-reducing terminal positions. Matrix-assisted laser-induced/ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization-based liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analyses suggested that this oligosaccharide consisted of a trisaccharide unit with 1,6- and 1,4-glycosidic linkages. The anomeric signals in the $^1H$-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum corresponded to ${\alpha}$-anomeric configurations, and the trisaccharide was finally identified as panose (${\alpha}$-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6-${\alpha}$-D-glucopyranosyl-1,4-D-glucose). These results suggest that B. subtilis SS-76 converts maltose into panose; strain SS-76 may thus find industrial application in the production of panose.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 2016

During our ongoing investigation of neuraminidase inhibitors from medicinal fungi, we found that the fruiting bodies of Phellinus igniarius exhibited significant inhibitory activity against neuraminidase from recombinant H3N2 influenza viruses. Two active compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of P. igniarius through solvent partitioning and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The active compounds were identified as phelligridins E and G on proton nuclear magnetic resonance ($^1H$ NMR) and electrospray ionization mass measurements. These compounds inhibited neuraminidases from recombinant rvH1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 influenza viruses, with $IC_{50}$ values in the range of $0.7{\sim}8.1{\mu}M$.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2019

The root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were extracted with 70% aqueous EtOH and the concentrates were partitioned into MeOH and H₂O fractions using Diaion HP-20. The repeated SiO₂ or octadecyl SiO₂ column, and MPLC for the MeOH fraction led to isolation of four malonyl ginsenosides. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined as malonyl ginsenoside Rd (1) malonyl ginsenoside Rc (2) malonyl ginsenoside Rb2 (3) malonyl ginsenoside Rb1 (4) based on spectroscopic analyses including Nuclear magnetic resonance and HR-TOF/MS. The contents of malonyl ginsenoside Rb1 was highist as 5.44 mg/g of five years of ginseng. And malonyl ginsenoside Rd was lowest as 0.11 mg/g of six years of ginseng. Additionally, the malonyl ginsenoside Rd exhibited hepatoprotective effect against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cell line.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1032-1037
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• 2008

Lowly volatile heterocyclic sulfur compounds generated in autoclaved garlic extract were isolated and identified, and their antimicrobial activity was determined. Two kinds of unusual volatile sulfur compounds were separated from heated garlic by preparative recycling high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and identified by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and $^1H$-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). They had heterocyclic structures with 4 to 5 sulfur atoms in the molecules. 4-Methyl-1,2,3-trithiolane (MTTT) is highly volatile and was not able to be concentrated, and was identified by GCMS only. MTTT and 6-methyl-1,2,3,4,5-pentathiepane (MPTP) are lowly volatile and were obtained in pure states to be positively identified for the first time. All 3 heterocyclic sulfur compounds began to appear by the time when the early-formed diallyl sulfides started to disappear. The minimum inhibitory concentration range of MTTT and MPTP was determined to be between 1 and 6 ppm against all yeasts tested. MTTT and MPTP were lowly volatile and sparingly soluble in water.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.494-499
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• 1998

As part of a drug discovery program to discover more effective platinum-based anticancer drugs, a series of platinum complexes of 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane(1,2-diaminopro pane)platinum(II)dinitrate (KHPC-070) has been evaluated in vitro against various tumor cell lines and normal kidney cells. The structure of this new compound was determined by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and $^{13}carbon$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). With the use of nine tumor cell lines, KHPC-070 exhibited a comparable cytotoxic to cisplatin. The cytotoxicity of KHPC-070 in normal cells was quite less than that of cisplatin using 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and [$^3H$]-thymidine uptake tests in rabbit renal proximal tubular cells and human renal cortical cells. Based on these results, KHPC-070 is considered to have more selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells than normal human/rabbit kidney cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.374-380
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• 2000

Propentofylline (PPF, 3-methyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-7-propylxanthine) has been reported to be a compound for treatment of both vascular dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer type. The short half-life (about 15 min) of PPF at the terminal elimination phase and poor bioavailability after oral administration of PPF to rabbits (Kim et al., 1992) suggest in part that this drug takes the extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. In addition, the metabolic pathway for PPF remains unclear. The objective of this experiment is to identify urinary metabolites of PPF in rats. For the identification of the metabolites, rat urine was collected after oral administration of 100${m}g/kg$ PPF. PPF metabolite, 3-methyl-1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-7-propylxanthine, was synthesized and confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and $^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The urinary metabolites of PPF were extracted with diethyl ether and identified by electron impact and chemical ionization GC/MS. One urinary metabolite was confirmed to be 3-methyl-1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-7-propylxanthine by synthesized authentic compound. Several metabolites of monohydroxy- and dihydroxy-PPF were identified based on mass fragmentation of both intact and trimethylsilylated derivatives of PPF metabolites and the novel structure of these metabolites is suggested based on mass spectra.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.153-158
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• 2022

This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents of Lactuca serriola leaves and perform quantitative analysis of the methanol (MeOH) extract of L. serriola, L. indica, L. raddeana, L. sativa, and L. triangulata. Six compounds were isolated from the MeOH extracts of L. serriola using open column chromatography and identified as protocatechuic acid (1), caffeic acid (2), cynaroside (3), apigenin 7-glucuronide (4), luteolin (5), and apigenin (6) using ¹H-, ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis of the six compounds was performed on the MeOH extract of Lactuca species using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and an ultraviolet (UV). A reverse-phased column was used, and the UV absorbance was set to 280 nm. The contents of compounds 2 and 3 were the highest (1.58 and 2.64 mg/g ext., respectively) in L. serriola extracts. However, compounds 4 and 6 were higher (1.46 and 0.40 mg/g ext., respectively) in L. triangulata. These results provide quantitative data for the application of Lactuca species in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.