• Brain Tumor Research and Treatment
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

Brain tumors represent a diverse spectrum of histology, biology, prognosis, and treatment options. Although MRI remains the gold standard for morphological tumor characterization, positron emission tomography (PET) can play a critical role in evaluating disease status. This article focuses on the use of PET with radiolabeled glucose and amino acid analogs to aid in the diagnosis of tumors and differentiate between recurrent tumors and radiation necrosis. The most widely used tracer is $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Although the intensity of FDG uptake is clearly associated with tumor grade, the exact role of FDG PET imaging remains debatable. Additionally, high uptake of FDG in normal grey matter limits its use in some low-grade tumors that may not be visualized. Because of their potential to overcome the limitation of FDG PET of brain tumors, $^{11}C$-methionine and $^{18}F$-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (FDOPA) have been proposed. Low accumulation of amino acid tracers in normal brains allows the detection of low-grade gliomas and facilitates more precise tumor delineation. These amino acid tracers have higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting brain tumors and differentiating recurrent tumors from post-therapeutic changes. FDG and amino acid tracers may be complementary, and both may be required for assessment of an individual patient. Additional tracers for brain tumor imaging are currently under development. Combinations of different tracers might provide more in-depth information about tumor characteristics, and current limitations may thus be overcome in the near future. PET with various tracers including FDG, $^{11}C$-methionine, and FDOPA has improved the management of patients with brain tumors. To evaluate the exact value of PET, however, additional prospective large sample studies are needed.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.271-274
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• 2006

We report the case of a 64-year-old man with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome due to tumor thrombus from recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). He presented with new onset of facial swelling for 10 days. HCC was detected ten years ago. He has undergone repeated transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and chemotherapy. Chest computed tomography (CT) demonstrated tumor thrombus in the SVC extending to right atrium. He underwent whole body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning for assessing the effect of TAE in HCC. F-18 FDG PET/CT showed increased uptake in the residual liver mass indicating viable tumor. There was another intense F-18 FDG accumulation in SUV extending to right atrium to suggest tumor thrombus. This case illustrates that F-18 FDG PET/CT is useful to identification of distant metastases as well as assessment of response to therapy in long-term survival HCC patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2008

폐흡충증은 폐흡충(Paragonimus westermani)의 중간 숙주인 민물 게, 민물 가재 등의 섭취를 통해 인체에 감염되는 기생충 질환으로, 기흉, 흉수, 낭성 종괴 등 다양한 임상 양상을 보인다. 고립 폐 결절로 형태로 발현하는 경우에는, 폐결핵 및 폐암 등과의 구분이 중요하다. 양전자 방출 단층촬영 검사가 감별 진단에 도움이 되지만, 폐결핵 및 폐 히스토플라스마종 등의 진균 감염에서의 위양성이 보고된 바 있다. 저자들은 48세 남자로 단순흉부촬영상 우연히 발견된 고립 폐 결절에 대한 평가 위해 내원한 환자에게서, 흉부 CT 및 FDG-PET에서 좌폐상엽의 폐문주위에 FDG 섭취가 증가된 고립 폐 결절 양상을 보여 폐암으로 의심하였으나, 폐엽 절제술을 시행 후 폐흡충증으로 진단하여 치료하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2021

In this study, the initial in vivo pharmacokinetic changes according to the routes of drug administration were investigated using bioimaging techniques. The purpose of this study was to quantify the degree of distribution of each major organ in normal mice over time by acquiring Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography images while administering routes F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose such as intravenous, intraperitoneal and per oral, a representative diagnostic radiopharmaceutical. Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography images were acquired for 90 minutes after drug administration. Radioactivity uptake was calculated for major organs using the PMOD program. In the case of intravenous administration, it was confirmed that it spread quickly and evenly to major organs. Compared to intravenous administration, intraperitoneal administration was about three times more absorbed and distributed in the liver and intestine, and it was showed that the amount excreted through the bladder was more than twice. In the case of oral administration, most stayed in the stomach, and it was showed that it spread slowly throughout the body. In comparison with intravenous administration, it was presented that the distribution of kidneys was more than 9 times and the distribution of bladder was 66% lower. Since there is a difference in the initial in vivo distribution and excretion of each administration method, we confirmed that the determination of the administration route is important for in vivo imaging evaluation of new drug candidates.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.361-362
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• 2009

We present a patient with high $^{18}$F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake detected in a neurofibroma that was confused with sarcomatous transformation on a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. A 39-year-old male patient with a 20-year history of neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1) performed FDG PET/CT scan for the evaluation of lesions with sarcomatous transformation. The FDG PET/CT images demonstrated varying degrees of increased FDG uptake in the multiple nodules throughout whole body. The left pelvic mass with the highest FDG uptake had a maximum standardized uptake values (maxSUV) 5.0 and surgical resection was performed. Histological analysis confirmed the presence of a benign neurofibroma infiltrated with inflammatory cells.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권6호
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• pp.1486-1491
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• 2020

기쿠치병은 주로 아시아에 거주하는 젊은 여성에서 경부 림프절 비대와 열을 주소로 나타나는 조직구 괴사성 림프절염이며 자연적으로 치유되는 양성질환이다. 기쿠치병이 전형적으로 발현하는 위치가 아닌 림프절에서 발생하면 진단이 어려워지고 악성 질환으로 오인되기도 한다. 저자들은 2주간 지속되는 발열을 주소로 내원하여 시행한 초음파와 CT, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT에서 비장 종대와 경부, 액와부, 복강, 후복강, 서혜부 림프절 비대를 보여 림프종을 의심하였던 15세 여자 환아 증례를 보고한다. 복강 림프절 절제술로 기쿠치병을 진단하였다. 이후, 환자는 스테로이드로 보존적인 치료를 받고 발열 증상이 호전되어 퇴원하였다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2006

A 67-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for staging of gastric cancer. The projection images of F-18 FDG PET/CT showed intensely increased F-18 FDG uptake in the anterior neck, chest wall, and upper abdomen. We suspected distant metastases of cervical lymph nodes, ribs, and peritoneum in gastric canter. However, the transaxial images of F-18 FDG PET/CT showed abnormal F-18 FDG uptake in scalene muscles of anterior neck, intercostal muscles of chest wall, and diaphragm of upper abdomen. Patients with COPD use respiratory muscles extensively on the resting condition. These excessive physiologic use of respiratory muscles causes increased F-18 FDG uptake as a result of increased glucose metabolism. The F-18 FDG uptake in respiratory muscles of gastric cancer patient with COPD mimicked distant metastases in cervical lymph nodes, ribs, and peritoneum.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2007

Correct localization of epileptogenic zone is important for the successful epilepsy surgery. Both ictal perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and interictal F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) can provide useful information in the presurgical localization of intractable partial epilepsy. These imaging modalities have excellent diagnostic sensitivity in medial temporal lobe epilepsy and provide good presurgical information in neocortical epilepsy. Also provide functional information about cellular functions to better understand the neurobiology of epilepsy and to better define the ictal onset zone, symptomatogenic zone, propagation pathways, functional deficit zone and surround inhibition zones. Multimodality imaging and developments in analysis methods of ictal perfusion SPECT and new PET ligand other than FDG help to better define the localization.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.275-278
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• 2006

We report the case of a 73-year-old man who had prostate cancer with bone metastases. Tc-99m HDP Whole body bone scan revealed multiple areas of increased bony uptake consistent with widespread bone metastases. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demonstrated mild F-18 FDG uptake in the lymph nodes of neck, abdomen, and pelvis. However, abnormal F-18 FDG uptake was not seen in the skeletal system. Biopsy and immunohistochemical stains of left supraclavicular mass showed metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. Currently, there are a few reported cases of F-18 FDG PET/CT evaluation of bone metastases in prostate cancer. We discuss the discrepancy between F-18 FDG PET/CT and bone scan in the detection of osseous metastases of prostate cancer.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.582-587
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• 2009

A 59-year-old woman who was diagnosed with malignant pheochromocytoma underwent $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT). She had undergone left adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma 4 years previously. Recent multiple metastatic pulmonary nodules were noted on the chest X-ray. After treatment with $^{131}I$-metaiodobenzylguanidine ($^{131}I$-MIBG) with 7.4 GBq, post-therapy $^{131}I$-MIBG scintigraphy depicted multiple distant metastases including lung, liver, abdominal para-aortic and mesenteric lymph nodes. $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT also depicted multiple metastases in lung, liver, and abdominal para-aortic lymph nodes, but some lesions were not shown. In this case, $^{131}I$-MIBG scintigraphy found additional lesions in metastatic malignant pheochromocytoma.