• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 1991

The hemolyic polypeptide in delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thun'ngiensis subsp. darmstadiensis 73ElO-2 was purified by Sephadex G-IOO gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography. The purity of hemolysin was confirmed by ouchterlony test and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the purified hemolysin was approximately 64 KDa by SDS-PAGE. The purified hemolysin has not mosquitocidal activity against larvae of Aedes agypti, but hemolytic activity on red blood cells of rat. There is no serological relationship between delta-endotoxin from B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and the purified hemolysin from the . strain 73ElO-2.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2004

A modified $\delta$-endotoxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. tenebrionis (B.t.t.), encoding a coleoptera-specific toxin, was utilized to transform citrus plants, Citrus reticulata Blanco 'Ponkan' mandarian. By co-culturing the nucelli with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the modified gene in the binary vector pBinAR-Btt, the chimeric toxin gene was transferred into citrus plants. The transgenic plants were selected on modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing kanamycin. Hybridization experiments demonstrated that the transgenic plants contained and expressed the toxin protein gene.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.40-46
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• 1998

For a biological control on a plant pathogen, Pryicularia Oryzae, and a mosquito, Aedes aegypti, Bacillus thuringiensis strain AF6 which produces parasporal inclusion, delta-endotoxin, was isolated. The B. thuringiensis strain AF6 was produced not only an antifungal substance(AFS) against P. oryzae, but also a mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin. The AFS of the strain AF6 in more stable at pH 4.0 than pH 10.0. At the mode of action, the AFS of the strain AF6 was inhibited hypha growth on potato agar plate(pH 5.0), and degraded cell walls of P. oryzae.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 1997

For purification of a 70kDa toxic protein of mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin from B. thuringiensis strain H9B, immuno-affinity chromatography was performed. After separation of 70kDa toxic proteins from the delta-endotoxin of the strain H9B on SDS-PAGE, the 70kDa toxic protein was subcutaneously injected into rabbit for making a polyclonal antibody. A anti-70kDa toxic protein was purified by a column chromatography packed with protein A-sepharose 4B gels. The 70kDa toxic protein from delta-endotoxin of the strain H9B was also purified by an immuno-affinity chromatography packed with CNBr-activated sepharose 4B gels conjugated anti-70kDa toxic protein after elution with 1/10M citric acid-1/5M Na$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$ buffer(pH3.2) containing 0.5M NaCl. The 70kDa toxic protein was purified through only one step-separation system, was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 1986

The compositions of the four madia and their pHs for delta endotoxin production by B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki 3a3b were examined. In the M-4 media out of the 4 media at pH8, the production of the endotoxin and spore formation were maximal. The mean generation times of the bacterium were 53.4 minutes in the M-1 media, 98 in the M-2, 132 in the M-3, and 127.5 in the M-4. The proper pHs of the media for the endotoxin production appeared to be pH 7 to 8. In the M-4 media, the lag time lasted about 5 hours.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.301-304
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• 1990

In the mosquitocidal delta-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp, isruelensis and B. thuringiensis subsp. darmstudiensis 73E10-2, were contained an immunologically homologous protein. The homologous protein was confirmed from Ouchterlony test, irnmuno-electrophoresis, and enzyme linked immunoassay by polyclonal antibodies against the delta-endotoxins of both strains.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.162-167
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• 1994

Surface changes of tissues caused by B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki-$\delta$-endotoxin intoxication of Helicoverpa assulta were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Bt-endotoxin crystals induced the erosion and disruption on the surface of all tissues tested. The results revealed that the toxin binds to all exposed plasma membranes without apparent specificity for particular membrane domains.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.554-558
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• 2015

Drug delivery systems (DDSs) incorporating bacterial minicells have been evaluated as a very powerful tool in view of biocompatibility. However, limited studies have been carried out on these systems, mainly using minicells from Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Thus, we generated a new minicell-producing strain from an endotoxin-free Corynebacterium glutamicum by the inactivation of genes related to cell division. The two knockout strains, ${\Delta}parA$ and ${\Delta}ncgl1366$, showed distinct abilities to produce minicells. The resulting minicells were purified via sequential antibiotic treatments and centrifugations, which resulted in reproducible yields.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.138-142
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• 1995

Bacillus thuringiensis strain BT-209 was isolated from a soybean grain dust sample in Korea. The strain BT-209 produced two different sizes of cuboidal crystals and one spore in the cell. In the biochemical characterization, the strain BT-209 showed negative reactions on the production of urease, and the utilization of citrate and sucrose. Examination of its antibiotic resistance revealed that while the strain BT-209 showed higher sensitivity than B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1 to ampicillin, bacitracin, chlortetracycline, gentamycin, neomycin, penicillin G, tetracycline and tobramycin, it was more resistant to methicillin than B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1. The $\delta$-endotoxin crystal of strain BT-209 consisted of three proteins with apparent molecular weights of appoximately 148, 135 and 62 kDa on a 10% SDS-PAGE. The strain BT-209 had at least eight different plasmids with sizes of 4.1, 5.2, 6.3, 8.6, 14.6, 24.5, 67.6 and 77.6 Kb. The strain BT-209 showed strong lethalities of 70% and 87% against Bombyx mori and Hyphantria cunea larvae. at 72 h, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 1994

The prolein components of each crystal toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki and alzawai were separated by SDS-PAGE. The major clqistal proteins from both shins were composed of paiypeptides having molecular weights of 130 kd and 64 kd. Digestive mixture of both. toxins with t~ypsin and gut juices shared 62 kd polypeptide which may be major actwe toxh. However, aizawal produced much less amount of 62 kd polypeptide than kurstaki did. On ingestion with Bt &-endotoxin, larvae of Hyphantria cunea developed 45 kd stress protein in the several tissues including fat body, which was induced by heat and cold shock.