• Title/Summary/Keyword: $\alpha$-Limonene

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Studies on the Variation of Monoterpene Composition of the Subgenus Diploxylon of the Genus Pinus in Korea (우리나라 소나무속(屬)의 Monoterpene 조성(組成)의 변이(變異)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Song, Ho-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.160-169
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    • 1976
  • Monotupenes of the oleoresin of P. densiflora S. et Z., P. densi-thunber gii Uyeki, P. thunbergii Parl., and P. densiflora for. erecta Uyeki of the subgenus Diploxylon of the genus Pinus in Korea were analysed by means of gas liquid chromatography, and following results were obtained. Monoterpene of P. densiflora, P. densi-thunbergii, P. thunbergii, and P. densiflora for. erecta consisted of ${\alpha}$-pinene, camphene, ${\beta}$-pinene, myrcene, limonene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, terpinolene and two unknown components. Major monoterpene components of P. densiflora and it's for. erecta were ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, myrcene, and terpinolene. Major monoterpene components of P. densi-thunbergii were ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, and terpinolene. Major monoterpene components of P. thunbergii were ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandre, and limonene. Monoterpene components in P. densiflora, P. densi-thunbergii, P. thundergii, and P.densiflora for, erecta showed a range of variation by the individual trees. Monoterpene contents of P. densi-thunbergii were intermediate between those of P. densiflora and P. thunbergii. ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-pinene, and myrcene appeared to be the best taxonomio characteristics for separating P. densiflora from P. thunbergii, and the former had higher content of ${\alpha}$-pinene than ${\beta}$-pinene while those of the latter were vise versa. There was a significant difference of ${\alpha}$-pinene components of P. densiflora between that of Anmyun Island and Mt. Chiak, but it seemed to be caused by the difference of the individual trees rather than provenancial difference.

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Volatile Flavor Components of Artemisia selengensis and Cryptotaenia japonica (물쑥 및 파드득 나물의 휘발성 풍미성분)

  • Lee, Mie-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.279-284
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    • 1987
  • Volatile components of Artemisia selengensis and Cryptotaenia japonica. Korean wild vegetables, were collected by steam distillation. Samples were examined by gas chromatography (GC) and combinded gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seven components of ${\alpha}-pinene$, camphene, ${\beta}-pinene$, myrcene limonene, r-terpinene, and caryophyllene, and two components of ${\alpha}-pinene$ and ${\beta}-pinene$ were confirmed respectively in Artemisia selengensis and Cryptotaenia japonica. The remaining components are presumed to be elemene, caryophyllene, and humulene in the latter.

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Volatile Aromatic Components of Ginger(Zingiber officinalis Roscoe) Rhizomes and Japanese Spice Bush(Lindera obtusiloba BL) (생강과 생강나무의 향기성분조성 비교)

  • 문형인;이재학
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 1997
  • The composition and chemical structures of same individual components of essential oils from ginger flavor plants were estimated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spetrometric analysis with the aid of NBS and Wiley library and RI indice searches. Through gas chromatography and gas chromatography /mass spetrometry analysis of 43, 41, 32 essential oil components from flowers, leaves and stems from Lindera obstusiloba., respectively were identified, among which sabinene, $\beta$-myrcene, ι-limonene, phelandrene, ${\gamma}$-selinene, $\alpha$-terpinene, 2, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9a -octahydro benzocycloheptane, $\delta$-cadinene, ${\gamma}$-terpinene, (Z) -3-hexen-1-ol acetate, ${\gamma}$-elemene, l-boreneol, $\delta$-guaiene, ledene, cis-3-hexanal, elemol, $\alpha$-chamigrene, $\beta$-endesmol: 9-octadecanal, 1-(1, 5-diMe-4-hexenyl)-4-Me. benzene were estimated to be major components.

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Studies on the constituents of philippine piper betle leaves

  • Rimando, Agnes-M.;Han, Byung-Hoon;Park, Jeong-Hii;Magdalena-C. Cantoria
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.93-97
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    • 1986
  • Fourteen volatile components including eight allypyrocatechol analogs were isolated and identified from the essential oil and ether soluble fraction of Philippine Piper bettle leaves (Piperaceae). The major constituents of Philippine Piper betle oil were chavibetol and chavibetol acetate. Capilary GC analysis of the oil showed chavibetol (53.1%), chavibetol acetate (15.5%), caryophyllene (3.79%), allypyrocatechol diacetate (0.71%), campene (0.48), chavibetol methylether (=methyl eugenol, 0.48%), eugenol (0/32%), $\alpha$-pinene(0.21%), $\beta$-pinene(0.21%), $\alpha$-limonene(0.14%), safrole (0.11%), 1.8-cineol(0.04%), and allylpyrocatechol monoacetate. The major component of the ether soluble fraction was allylpyrocatechol (2.38% of the leaves).

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Composition of Essential Oils from the Leaves and the Fruits of Chamaecyparis obtusa and Chamaecyparis pisifera (편백과 화백의 잎과 열매에서 분리한 정유성분의 조성)

  • Hong, Chul-Un;Kim, Cheol-Sang;Kim, Nam-Gyun;Kim, Young-Hoi
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.116-121
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    • 2001
  • The compositions of essential oils isolated from the leaves and fruits of Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb. et Zucc). Endl. and Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl. were analyzed through GC and GC-MS. The oil yields were 0.83% (as fresh weight) and 1.36% in the leaves and the fruits of C. obtusa, and were 0.92% and 1.28% in those of C. pisifera, respectively. More than 90 components were identified, including high contents of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. Contents of monoteipenoids in the leaf and fruit oils of C. pisifera were higher than in those of C. obutsa. The major constituents in the leaf oil of C. obtusa were sabinene (11.81% as determined through GC peak area), limonene (7.73%), bornyl acetate (6.92%), $borneol+{\alpha}-teirineol$ (15.67%), and elemol (12.82%), and those in the fruit oil were myrcene (8.12%), ${\gamma}-terpinene$(5.91%), p-cymene(7.62%), $borneol+{\alpha}-terpineol$(6.53%) and ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ (23.74%). The major constituents in the leaf oil of C. pisifera were ${\alpha}-pinene$(32.34%), ${\delta}-3-carene$(25.28%), myrcene(11.72%), and bornyl acetate (8.77%), and those in the fruit oil were ${\alpha}-pinene$ (29.38%), ${\delta}-3-carene$(30.27%), myrcene(15.05%), and limonene(8.10%).

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Studies on Measuring Volatile Terpenoids in Carrots Using the Direct Headspace Sampling Method (Direct Headspace Sampling 방법을 이용한 당근의 휘발성 Terpenoids 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Yong;Ryu, Jang-Bal;Park, Sang-Gyu;Park, Shin
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.536-540
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    • 1997
  • Volatile terpenoids of carrots were measured by the direct headspace sampling method(DHS) with gas chromatography as a study for the breeding of high quality carrots. Using this method, 7 terpenoids such as ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, ${\beta}-myrcene$, ${\alpha}-terpinene$, limonene, ${\gamma}-terpinene$, and terpinolene were clearly separated. However ${\alpha}-phellandrene$ was not clearly separated from ${\beta}-myrcene$. In addition to this, higher boiling point compounds such as terpinen-4-ol, bornyl acetate, and ${\alpha}-bisbolol$ were not found. The coefficients of $determination(r^2)$ for the 7 terpenoids were higher than 0.99 and the standard curves were highly significant. Four replicated samples using this method demonstrated great reproducibility; the coefficidnt of variation (C.V.) for ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, ${\beta}-myrcene$, limonene, ${\gamma}-terpinene$, terpinolene, and total terpenoids were 6.8, 6.8, 8.4, 7.1, 3.8, 10.1, 7.1%. Sixty five carrot cultivars breeded worldwide were evaluated for the 7 terpenoids and total terpenoids; the range for ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-pinene$, ${\beta}-myrcene$, ${\alpha}-terpinene$, limonene, ${\gamma}-terpinene$, terpinolene, and total terpenoids were $0.28{\sim}2.48\;ppm$, $0.35{\sim}1.87\;ppm$, $0.56{\sim}1.51\;ppm$, 0 ppm, $0.59{\sim}1.84\;ppm$, $0.87{\sim}3.33\;ppm$, $5.15{\sim}35.81\;ppm$, and $9.07{\sim}42.30\;ppm$, respectively. Big differences in each terpenoid and total terpenoids were found among cultivars. On the total terpenoids of the 65 cultivars, 5 cultivars(7.7%) contained less than 10 ppm, 15 cultivars (23.1%) $10{\sim}11.99\;ppm$, 14 cultivars(21.5%) $12{\sim}13.99\;ppm$, 9 cultivars(13.8%) $14{\sim}15.99\;ppm$, 10 cultivars(15.4%) $16{\sim}17.99\;ppm$, 4 cultivars(6.2%) $18{\sim}19.99\;ppm$, 5 cultivars(7.7%) $20{\sim}29.99\;ppm$, and 3 cultivars(4.6%) were higher than 30 ppm. Generally, cultivars developed in Japan contained less total terpenoids than cultivars developed in Europe and America.

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GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Constituents from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (오갈피나무의 정유성분 GC-MS 분석)

  • Lim, Soon-Sung;Lee, Yeon-Sil;Lee, Sul-Lim;Kim, Jong-Kee;Cho, Seon-Haeng;Shin, Kuk-Hyun;Lee, Sang-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.7-18
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    • 2008
  • The chemical composition of the volatile constituents from the leaves, stems, and roots of Acanthopanax sessiliforus growing wild in Mt. Deok-Yu was determined by GC and GC-MS spectrometric analysis with the aid of NBS, Wiley Library and RI indice searches. The major constituents identified were ${\delta}-3-carene$ (7.24%), limonene (8.10%), ${\beta}-thujene$ (17.85%), trans-bicyclic hydrocarbon (13.35%) and ${\delta}-cadinene$ (4.28%) in the leaves from one year-grown plants, tricyclene (7.21%), ${\beta}-myrcene$ (7.62%), limonene (10.23%), ${\beta}-thujene$ (15.61%) and dihydroedulan I (6.12%) in the leaves from three years-grown plants, ${\delta}-3-carene$ (4.96%), limonene (5.93%), ${\beta}-phellandrene$ (17.31%) and naphthalene (7.79%) in the stems from one year-grown plants, ${\alpha}-pinene$ (5.21%), limonene (5.12%) and ${\beta}-phellandrene$ (9.82%) in the stems from three years-grown plants, ${\alpha}-pinene$ (12.73%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (11.16%), ${\delta}-3-carene$ (6.16%) and ${\gamma}-cadinene$ (23.39%) in the roots from one year-grown plants, and ${\alpha}-pinene$ (17.25%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (9.35%), ${\delta}-3-carene$ (7.26%) and ${\gamma}-cadinene$ (17.95%) in the roots from three years-grown plants.

Efficient Extraction Methods and Analysis of Essential Oil from Softwood leaves (침엽수 잎으로부터 효율적인 정유 추출법 탐색 및 정유성분 분석)

  • 양재경;강병국;김태홍;홍성철;서원택;최명석
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.357-364
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    • 2002
  • For the effecient extraction methods of essential oil, pretreatment of leaves, ratios of water and leaves, extraction time, and collection season from the Chamaecyparis obtusa and Chamaecyparis pisifera leaves were studied. The chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The yield of essential oil from ground leaves was higher than that of chopped leaves. The yield of essential oil was not affected much by mixing ratios of water and leaves. The yield of essential oil reached maximum after 5 hours. The content of essential oil of C. obtusa leaves collected during winter was 4.5%, whereas the content of essential oil of C. pisifera collected during fall was 5.3%. The composition of essential oils extracted form C. obrusa and C. pisifera was different. The major constituents in the essential oil of C. obtusa were monoterpene as limonene, terpinene-4-ol, ${\gamma}$-selinene, and a-cedrene, and those of C. pisifera was monoterpens as ${\alpha}$-pinene, myrcene, limonene, bornyl acetate, ${\beta}$- caryophyllene, longifolene, and ${\beta}$-cedrene.

The Volatile Composition of Kiyomi Peel Oil (Citrus unshiu Marcov×C. sinensis Osbeck) Cultivated in Korea

  • Song, Hee-Sun
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.292-298
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    • 2008
  • The volatile composition of Kiyomi peel oil cultivated in Korea was studied by using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The peel oil from the Kiyomi fruit was prepared by using a cold-pressing extraction method. Among the 65 components quantified in Kiyomi oil, 25 terpene hydrocarbons and 40 oxygenated compounds were identified, with peak weight percentages measuring 94.5% and 4.9%, respectively. Limonene was the predominant compound (87.5%), followed by myrcene (2.4%), sabinene (0.9%), $\alpha$-pinene (0.8%), $\beta$-sinensal (0.8%), (Z)-$\beta$-farnesene (0.7%), neryl acetate (0.6%), valencene (0.5%), $\alpha$-farnesene (0.5%), and $\alpha$-sinensal (0.5%). A unique characteristic of the volatile profile of the Kiyomi oil was the proportion of aldehydes (2.7%), which resulted from the relative abundance of $\alpha$- and $\beta$-sinensal. Another unique characteristic of the Korean Kiyomi oil was its relative abundance of $\beta$-sinensal, (Z)-$\beta$-farnesene, neryl acetate, valencene, $\alpha$-sinensal and nootkatone. Valencene and $\alpha$- and $\beta$-sinensal were regarded as the influential components of Korean Kiyomi peel oil.

Comparison of Volatile Compounds in Plant Parts of Angelica gigas Nakai and A. acutiloba Kitagawa (참당귀와 일당귀의 부위별 휘발성 정유성분 비교)

  • Cho, Min-Gu;Bang, Jin-Ki;Chae, Young-Am
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.352-357
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    • 2003
  • Volatile flavor compounds Angelica gigas Nakai and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were extracted by SDE (simultaneous steam distillation & extraction) using the mixture of n-pentane and diethylether (1:1, v/v) as an extract solvent and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The amount of essential oils of top part and root in Angelica gigas were obtained in 0.063% (v/w) and 0.389% (v/w) yields as a fresh weight base, respectively. The main compounds in top parts and the root were identified as nonane (7.51% and 24.49%, respectively), ${\alpha}-pinene$ (14.64% and 31.75%), limonene+${\beta}-phellandrene$ (14.01% and 9.66%), ${\gamma}-terpinene$ (7.85% and 1.20%), germacrene-d (5.85% and 0.22%), (E,E)-${\alpha}-farnesene$ (6.05% and 1.40%), ${\beta}-eudesmol$ (5.26% and 1.84%). Although these compounds were present in both parts. The results showed large differences in. the concentrations of them much varied. The amount of essential oils stem and leaf obtained (0.068% and 0.127% in A. gigas) and (0.153% and 0.243% in A. acutiloba) yields as a fresh weight base, respectively. More than 18 and 32 components in stem and leaf have been identified, which of main components in A. gigas were ${\alpha}-pinene$, myrcene, limonene, germacrene-d, eudesmol and butylphthalide, but germacrene-d and butylphthalide contents were also different in stem and leaf. And more than 21 and 32 components in A. acutiloba were ${\gamma}-terpinene$ and butylphthalide. Volatile compounds were very different in both species.