• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.248-253
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• 1995

Optimum conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of isolated sesame meal protein were investigated. Optimum conditions by papain were $60^{\circ}C$, pH 6.0, 3% enzyme concentration to substrate and 1.5% substrate concentration, respectively. The optimum operating conditions using pepsin were $55^{\circ}C$, pH 9.0, 3% enzyme concentration to substrate and 1% substrate concentration. The optimum operating conditions using trypsin were $60^{\circ}C$, pH 9.0, 1% enzyme concentration to substrate and 1% substrate concentration.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2004

Chomsky (2001) and Kitahara's (2002) suggestion that object shift occurs prior to movement of the νP-subject to SPEC-T is not on the right track with respect to the Merge operation. According to the Merge operation, TP is necessarily created earlier than CP. Chomsky (2001) suggests that the probe-goal relation between T and SUBJ is evaluated in the CP after it is known whether the position of as has become a trace losing its phonological content. However, the FocP is not a phase (CP). So, Chomsky (2001) and Kitahara's (2002) suggestion is not correct in the case of the movement of OBJ to the spec of Foc in English, either. The aim of this paper is to show that the νP-subject must move to SPEC- T prior to the consecutive movement of the wh-object to SPEC-C via object shift in English. This derivation obeys Chomsky's (2001) so-called probe-goal matching condition.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.335-343
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• 2005

Hemolytic property is a specific feature of bacteria to obtain iron which is essential for its survival in host tissues. Therefore, it is thought to be one of several factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens isolated from the teeth diagnosed as pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis under the presence of hemolysin inhibitors such as $NaN_3$ and dithiothreitol. heat, various pH and cultural conditions. The results were as follows; 1. Clinically isolated P. nigrescens strains and standard P. nigrscens ATCC 33563 showed hemolytic activity. 2. P. nigrescens showed higher hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes than sheep or horse erythrocytes. 3. $NaN_3$ and dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced the hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05). 4. Optimal pH for the maximum hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens was 4.0 and the hemolysin was stable under the $50^{\circ}C$, but the hemolytic activity was significantly decreased at $95^{\circ}C$. 5. P. nigrescens cultured in $10\%\;CO_2$ condition showed higher hemolytic activity than the bacteria cultured in the anaerobic condition.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.21 no.1 s.59
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• pp.21-34
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• 2006

To investigate anti-HIV-1 activity of water soluble chitosans, sulfated chitosan derivatives were prepared in mild condition. Various sulfated chitosan derivatives (N-3,6-O-S-chitosan, N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan, 3,6-O-S-chitin, and 3,6-O-sulfated-N-(o-carboxybenzoyl) chitosan) were synthesized with sulfurtrioxidepyridene complex in pyridine solvent. Characterization of the sulfated chitosan derivatives was carried out by $^{13}C$ NMR and IR spectroscopies. To observe ionic reaction properties, pKas of the sulfated chitosan derivatives and chitosan of low molecular weight were estimated by potentiometric titration. The sulfated chitosan derivatives had high water solubility, pKas (pKa : 7.7) of N-3,6-O-S-chitosan and N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan were increased than pKa of water insoluble chitosan (pKa : 6.2), These results suggest the participation of electrostatic interaction of amino and sulfate groups on the sulfated chitosans. Anti-HIV-1 drugs, such as AZT, ddC, and ddI for anti-HIV activity had higher selective index compared with SCB-chitosan but N-3,6-O-S-chitosan has shown higher selective index compared with ddC and ddI as HIV drugs.. These results suggest that sulfated chitosan derivatives were expected as an anti-HIV drug with differential driving force mechanism against some nucleoside analogs drug in the future.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.715-723
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• 2023

In this paper, we construct explicitly an infinite family of primes P with h^±_P ≡ 0 (mod q^{deg P}), where h^±_P are the plus and minus parts of the divisor class number of the P-th cyclotomic function field over 𝔽_q(T). By using this result and Dirichlet's theorem, we give a condition of A, M ∈ 𝔽_q[T] such that there are infinitely many primes P satisfying with h^±_P ≡ 0 (mod p^e) and P ≡ A (mod M).

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-56
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• 2015

In this paper, we classify all nonconstant smooth CR maps from a sphere $S_{n,1}{\subset}\mathbb{C}^n$ with n > 3 to the Shilov boundary $S_{p,q}{\subset}\mathbb{C}^{p{\times}q}$ of a bounded symmetric domain of Cartan type I under the condition that p - q < 3n - 4. We show that they are either linear maps up to automorphisms of $S_{n,1}$ and $S_{p,q}$ or D'Angelo maps. This is the first classification of CR maps into the Shilov boundary of bounded symmetric domains other than sphere that includes nonlinear maps.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.343-347
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• 1997

Effect of culture conditions on the fermentation of wheat flour solution by mixed lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus brevis, L. fermentum and L. plantarum was investigated. The optimum temperature for the fermentation of wheat flour solution was $35^{\circ}C$ because pH decreased the lowest value and TTA (total titrable acidity) increased the highest value at this temperature. In aerobic condition, fermentor was purged with air at 1.0 vvm and was purged with nitrogen gas at 1.0 vvm in anaerobic condition. The decrease of pH and the increase of TTA in aerobic condition were higher than those in anaerobic condition. In aerobic condition, the optimum condition of oxygen supply was found to be oxygen transfer rate coefficient of $60\;hr^{-1}$ which corresponded to agitation speed of 250 rpm in a 5 L fermentor. Repeated fed-batch cultures were performed using pH-stat in order to increase the productivity of fermented wheat flour. With increasing the repeated fraction of culture volume, mean cycle time increased but maximum operation time decreased. However, the volume of produced broth per culture volume per time and total volume of produced broth per culture volume were maximum at the repeated fraction of culture volume of 20%. In a repeated fed-batch fermentation of wheat flour solution using mixed lactic acid bacteria, the culture condition was optimum at temerature of $35^{\circ}C$, aeration rate of 1.0 vvm, oxygen transfer rate coefficient of $60\;hr^{-1}$, and repeated fraction of culture volume of 20%.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.11a
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• pp.193-195
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• 1988

The native oxide films were thermally and anodically formed on the n-GaP substrates grown by SSD method and measured this oxide thickness and the chemical composition and the electrical properties with formation condition. The chemical composition of themally oxidized GaP film was composed of mostly $GaPO_4$ at temperature below $800^{\circ}C$ and mostly $\beta-Ga_{2}O_{3}$ above $800^{\circ}C$. But The chemical composition of anodically oxidized GaPfilm was composed of the mixture of $Ga_{2}O_{3}$ and $P_{2}O_{5}$. The barrier height of Al/oxide/n-Gap which was formed at $700^{\circ}C$ by thermal oxidation method were 1.10eV, 1.03eV in Current-Voltage measurement. Interface charge density were $4{\times}10^{12}q(C/cm^2)$ and $3{\times}10^{12}q(C/cm^2)$ in Capacitance-Voltage measurement respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.39
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• pp.79-89
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• 1998

This study was carried out the effect of stability and color extract for it's condition in the curcuma L.. dyeing. The stability is to investigate the absorbance of the curcumin, one of the major yellow pigments and the stability regarding the effect of light, oxygen temperature and pH. The dyeing condition is compared the effect of mordanting condition and the best way to extract pigment and analysed through the color-fastness rating, color-difference value test. The main results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1.The best and proper solvent to extrect curcumin pigment was a ethanol and a distilled water. 2. The light effect indicated that the absorbances of solution in absence of ligh was more stable. 3. The oxygen(O2) effect to curcumin show-ed that the condition in the absence of O2 was more stable than that in presence of O2 4. The temperature showed that the absorbnace was best stable in4$^{\circ}C$ and less changed at $25^{\circ}C$ 5. The curcumin-etanol solution was stable in pH 2~4. 6. Generally color-fastness rating to silk, wool and cotton indicated that crocking C.F. and perspiration C.F. were more than 3rd grade and dry cleaning C.F. was more than 4th grade. But light color-fastness and washing color-fastness were very poor. 7. To make good color fastness, the mordan-ting treated group and the pre-mordant conditions were more effective than others 8. When compared with color-difference value test indicated that the silk was looks like more reddish and bluish color and than the wool and cotton were greenish and bluish. As a mordant, A(C2H4OH(COOH3) and D(K2Cr2O7)were more effective to make green-ish color in the silk and the reddish color was abtained by B(Al.K(SO4)2.12H2O) and C(FeSO4.7H2O).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2002

A feeding trial was conducted to determine compensatory growth of juvenile olive flounder in the spring. Five treatments of fish with 3 replicates were prepared: the control group fish (C) fed twice daily for 8 weeks, the Sl, S2, S3 and S4 fish fed for 7, 6, 5 and 4 weeks after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of starvation, respectively. Survival of olive flounder was not significantly different among treatments. Weight gain of flounder in S2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish in S3 or S4, but not significantly different from that of fish in C or Sl. The poorest weight gain was observed in fish of S4 treatment. Specific growth rate (SGR) for flounder in S2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that for fish in C or S4, but not significantly different from that of fish in Sl or S3. Feed intake (g/fish) was proportional to duration of days of feeding except for flounder in S2, but not significantly different among C, Sl or S2. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) for flounder in S2 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than for fish in C, but not significantly different from those for fish in Sl, S3 or S4. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) and condition factor (CF) for flounder in Sl, S3 and S4 were not significantly different from those for fish in C, but significantly (P<0.05) lower than S2 except for CF in Sl at the end of the experiment. Proximate composition of the whole body of flounder was not significantly different among treatments. In considering results of the experiment, juvenile olive flounder achieved compensatory growth when properly fed after starved up to 2 weeks in the spring. Compensatory growth of fish was supported by improvement in SGR, FER and PER in fish starved.