• 제목/요약/키워드: "To Autumn"

검색결과 2,601건 처리시간 0.025초

Agronomic Practces on Intensive Pasture Establishment (집약초지의 조성기술)

  • 김동암;조무환
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 1981
  • In reviewing of the literature concerning agronomic practices on intensive pasture establishment the following suggestions were made : (1) The seedbed preparation should be involved physical manipulation of the soil tilth and consolidation of the soil by harrows and heavy roller. (2) In terms of methods of sowing, drilling favours the first and broadcasting the second however, the apparent superiority of band sowing over the above conventional methods is to reduce the direct toxic chemical effects from fertilizers to germinating seeds. (3) The most satisfactory seeding depth for grasses and legumes is commonly agreed to be approximately 1.3cm and seeding depth greater than 2.5cm seems to be generally detrimental. (4) Autumn and spring are most common sowing periods for grasses and legumes, however, early autumn being the most generally favoured, particularly in areas not subject to severe winter kill. (5) Select nurse crop species or cultivars which make Bess demands on light, nutrients and water, and lower seed rates should be used. (6) Seeding mixtures should be simple rather than complex and aggressive species should be included to a minor extent.

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Temporal Variation of Air Temperature in Ice-Valley at Milyang in Association with Ice Formation

  • Lee, Soon-Hwan;Hwang, Soo-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.598-602
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    • 2007
  • A long-term in situ observation was carried out in the Ice-valley at Milyang in order to explain the factors and processes associated with the summertime ice formation. The variation of temperature inside Ice-valley in relation with ice formation in summer time was found to depend on precipitation rate in spring and cold air sinking in autumn and winter. The rate of temperature rising tends to correspond to sensible heat release depending on the precipitation amount at the freezing location. The reason of the cold air accumulation in a talus in the Ice-valley is the cold air sinking over the surface of talus due to the occurrence of outside clod air mass and the accumulated cold air from autumn to spring flow outside at the bottom of talus. The out-flowing cold air can result in the ice formation in the hot summer.

Assessment of environmental impacts of LID technologies on vegetation

  • Choi, Hyeseon;Hong, Jungsun;Geronimo, F.K.F.;Kim, Lee-Hyung
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.39-44
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    • 2019
  • LID facilities do not consider environmental factors, and due to inappropriate vegetation planting causing degradation in efficiency due to plant damage and difficulty in maintenance. Therefore, in this study, assessment of impact environmental factor by seasonal variation of chlorophyll and growth of vegetation planted in LID technologies and change of pollutant reduction were conducted. In the case of B-SJ and B-RI, growth rate decreased after summer (August), and B-MG showed steady growth until autumn (September). Chlorophyll was found to increase during spring season while it decreased during autumn season. The chlorophyll concentration was found to affect the plant growth pattern. TN reduction efficiency was highest with greater than 80% efficiency in summer, and it was analyzed that plants were identified as the main factor affecting the seasonal reduction efficiency of TN. Also, temperature and relative humidity were analyzed to affect plant growth, activity and pollutant removal efficiency. Plant type and growth pattern are considered as factors to be considered in selection of appropriate plant types in LID technologies.

A Study on the Autumn LED Emotional Lighting Color through the comparative analysis of the Daylighting and LED Lighting Color (자연광과 LED조명색채 비교분석을 통한 가을빛 LED감성조명 색채 연구)

  • Yang, Jung-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • 제25권11호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is the realization of LED light environment closely resembling the Autumn daylight which people feel comfortable with. This research was conducted through an optical experiment and Emotional evaluation through human's eyes. Human beings are affected by the color of light, quality and light intensity. Unlike the past when human beings have worked mainly in daylight, the urbanites today spend most of the time in indoor spaces. Therefore, the artificial light is needed to strive toward a spectrum of daylight. This study is purposed to provide the pleasant light environment for human beings and build its database. This study course is expected to contribute to the new design methodology of the related fields under the development of the LED emotional lighting color.

The Seasonal Distribution Characteristics of Watermass and Fishery Creatures in the Adjacent Sea of Naro Island (나로도 주변해역의 수괴 및 어업생물의 계절별 분포특성)

  • PARK, Ju-Sam
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.132-143
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    • 2005
  • In order to investigate the seasonal variation of watermass and fishery creatures in the adjacent sea of Naro Island, an oceanographic observation was carried out seasonally on the fishing grounds, and the sales performance data of the fisheries cooperative's joint market of Naro Island was examined by using a principal component analysis. The temperature and salinity ranged from 8.1 $^{\circ}C$ to 13.7 $^{\circ}C$ and from 33.1 psu to 34.3 psu in spring, from 14.5 $^{\circ}C$ to 24.2 $^{\circ}C$ and from 30.5 psu to 34.1 psu in summer, from 14.8 $^{\circ}C$ to 18.6 $^{\circ}C$ and from 30.1 psu to 34.0 psu in autumn, and from 4.3 $^{\circ}C$ to 10.1 $^{\circ}C$ and from 33.1 psu to 34.9 psu in winter, respectively. In winter and spring, the offshore water spread out to all sea areas of all water layers. In summer, the mixed waters covered the entire sea surface whereas the mixed water and offshore water covered the bottom. In autumn, the coastal water and mixed water appeared on the surface, but the mixed water was distributed widely on the bottom and the offshore water began to appear in the open sea. For two years from 2002 to 2003, 58 fishery creature species in total were sold in the fisheries cooperative's joint market of Naro Island. In general, the total of 50% fish were sold, and crustacea and mollusc by each 25%. Medium shrimp, whiparm octopus, blue crab, and octopus predominated. A number of species and biomass of fishery creatures were sold mostly in April and May, while they were sold the least in January and February. The seasonal sales results showed that mullet, angler, short necked clam, large shrimp, and webfoot octopus were sold mainly in spring, tonguefish, flathead, pomfret, glass eel, blue crab, whiparm octopus, and squid were sold mainly in summer, and octopus, medium shrimp, and spanish mackerel were sold mainly in autumn.

Greenhouse Evaluation of Melon Rootstock Resistance to Monosporascus Root Rot and Vine Decline as Well as of Yield and Fruit Quality in Grafted 'Inodorus' Melons

  • Jang, Yoonah;Huh, Yun-Chan;Park, Dong-Kum;Mun, Boheum;Lee, Sanggyu;Um, Yeongcheol
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.614-622
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    • 2014
  • Melons (Cucumis melo L.) are generally grafted onto Cucurbita rootstocks to manage soilborne pathogens such as Monosporascus root rot and v ine decline (MRR/VD) and Fusarium wilt. However, g rafting onto Cucurbita rootstocks reportedly results in the reduction of fruit quality. In this study, the resistance to MRR/VD, yield, and fruit quality of melons grafted onto melon rootstocks were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Eight melon rootstocks (R1 to R8) were used and the inodorus melon 'Homerunstar' was used as scion. Melon rootstocks R1 to R6 were selected based on resistance to MRR/VD under greenhouse conditions. Non-grafted 'Homerunstar' and plants grafted onto squash interspecific hybrid 'Shintozwa' rootstock (Cucurbita maxima D. ${\times}$ C. moschata D.) served as controls. Grafted melons were cultivated in the greenhouse infested with Monosporascus cannonballus during two growing seasons (summer and autumn). The responses to MRR/VD, yield, and fruit quality differed depending on the rootstocks and growing season. The melons grafted onto 'Shintozwa' exhibited less severe disease symptoms and higher survival rates than non-grafted melons in both seasons. While the melon rootstocks in the summer cultivation did not increase the survival rate compared to non-grafted melons, the melon rootstocks R1 and R2 in the autumn cultivation led to higher survival rates. The melon rootstocks resistant to MRR/VD increased the percentage of marketable fruits and marketable yields. Grafting onto the melon rootstocks caused little or no reduction of fruit quality such as low calcium content, fruit softening, and vitrescence, especially in lower-temperature autumn season. Accordingly, these results suggest that grafting onto the melon rootstocks may increase the tolerance to MRR/VD and the marketable yield without a reduction of fruit quality.

Classification of Radish and Chinese Cabbage in Autumn Using Hyperspectral Image (하이퍼스펙트럼 영상을 이용한 가을무와 배추의 분류)

  • Park, Jin Ki;Park, Jong Hwa
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • 제58권1호
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2016
  • The objective of this study was to classify between radish and Chinese cabbage in autumn using hyperspectral images. The hyperspectral images were acquired by Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) with 1m spatial resolution and 48 bands covering the visible and near infrared portions of the solar spectrum from 370 to 1044 nm with a bandwidth of 14 nm. An object-based technique is used for classification of radish and Chinese cabbage. It was found that the optimum parameter values for image segmentation were scale 400, shape 0.1, color 0.9, compactness 0.5 and smoothness 0.5. As a result, the overall accuracy of classification was 90.7 % and the kappa coefficient was 0.71. The hyperspectral images can be used to classify other crops with higher accuracy than radish and Chines cabbage because of their similar characteristic and growth time.

A Study on the Relationship Between Photovoltaic Module Surface Temperature and Photovoltaic Power Using Real Experiment (실물 실험을 통한 태양광 모듈의 표면온도와 태양광 발전량과의 관계에 대한 연구)

  • Cho, Sung-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2018
  • PV module power is calculated on PV module surface temperature adjustment by irradiation on the summer and autumn in NOCT(Nominal Operating Cell Temperature) conditions. The summer and autumn periods were selected because of large variation in outdoor air temperature and irradiation. This study was performed to understand relationship between PV module surface temperature and photovoltaic power using field measurement. As a results, it was determined that the amount of irradiation was proportional to the amount of photovoltaic power in the field measurement. However, it was also identified that the PV power generation decreased by increased PV module surface temperatures due to irradiation.

Precipitation Change in Korea due to Atmospheric $ Increase

  • Oh, Jai-Ho;Hong, Sung-Gil
    • Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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    • 제7권
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    • pp.87-106
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    • 1996
  • A precipitation change scenario in Korea due to atmospheric $ doubling has been provided with a mixed method (Rebinson and Finkelstein, 1991) based on the simulated precipitation data by three GCM(CCC, UI, and GFDL GCM) experiments. Through the analysis the precipitation change by atmospheric $ doubing can be summarized as follows : Korea may have more precipitation as much as 25mm/yr during spring season and more less 50 mm/yr during summer and autumn, respectively. In the contrary Korea may have less rainfall as much as 13 mm/yr during winter. In terms of percentage with respect to current climatological value of precipitation Korea may have more rain as much as 10%, 13% and 24%, respectively, for spring, summer and autumn than current climate. However, Korea may have less precipitation during winter than current climatological average.

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Correlation between water temperature and catch at a set net in Yeosu Bay, Korea

  • Choo, Hyosang
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2021
  • Data for fish species composition and the catch of fish species were obtained from the daily trading records for the period between April and December 2016 to 2018 at the set net fishing grounds in Yeosu Bay, Korea. The annual mean total catch was 195.8 tons, and the dominant species was the Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius), which accounts for about 55 percent of the total catch. The catch increased in spring and autumn. Increase in spring is caused by not Spanish mackerel but other fish while the increase in autumn by Spanish mackerel. The distinct increase of the catch in summer, 2017 was due to the new recruitment of small-sized Spanish mackerel, which was probably to be from the fish population hatched in spring in the East China Sea. Our results showed a strong correlation between water temperature and catch fluctuation. The catch increases with the increase in water temperatures, and the periodic pattern of the water temperature and catch fluctuation is more consistent in the offshore waters, in which warm current flows, than in the coast waters.