• Journal of Life Science
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2009

We investigated photooxidation and responses of antioxidant enzymes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) after light-chilling ($4^{\circ}C$) for 2 days and post chilling ($25^{\circ}C$) in rice leaves. Chilling leaves indicated a 50% reduction in photosynthetic efficiency ($F_v/F_m$ ratio) and a 48% increase of $H_2O_2$, respectively, compared to the control group. In comparison with the control, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased at light-chilling and post-chilling. CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD among SOD forms were detected in rice leaves, while Fe-SOD was not found. The increase of SOD and GR activity may serve as a basis for defense against chilling injury as it dismutase superoxide generated by light-chilling. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased during light-chilling, while activity of APX showed remarkable increase during light-chilling in rice leaves. Among CAT isoforms analyzed by 10% native PAGE, activities of isoform -2 and -3 were inhibited during light-chilling. From the elevated APX activity and decreased CAT activity, we suggest that these two enzymes show mutual supplementary relationships, indicating different tendency during light-chilling.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 1998

HIV-1 tat, a strong transactivator, is essential for the HIV-1 replication and AIDS progression. The Tat function is markedly inhibited by human anti-oncogene p53. This work was initiated to identify the p53-associated inhibitory mechanism on tat-mediated transactivation. Inhibitory function of p53 was confirmed by co-transfection of tat-expressing Jurkat cells with LTR-CAT plasmid, or H3T1 cells (LTR-CAT integrated HeLa cells) with different ratio of pSV-tat/pCDNA-p53 plasmids. Results from the direct protein-protein interaction between soluble p53 and tat, and yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that the co-suppression mechanism is unlikely to be due to the direct interaction. CAT activity was not affected by tat in Jurkat cells which were transfected with p53-promoter-CAT or p53-enhancer-CAT, suggesting that the tat-mediated p53 suppression is not directly associated with p53-promoter. Finally, we have tested protein kinase activity in p53-tranfected Jurkat cells, which might phosphorylate HIV-1 tat, resulting in inhibition of tat function. Some of our data lead us to assume that the p53-mediated tat inhibition is likely to be associated with p53-associated, signaling-mediated phosphorylation of tat, resulting in the dysfunction of tat. This study is now under investigation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2001

In this study we explored the possibility of performing nuclear transfer in the domestic cat and assessed the ability of different culture media to support in vitro development of reconstructed cat embryos. Donor somatic cells were derived from cultured cumulus cells or explants of oviduct tissue, and recipient cytoplasts from in vitro matured oocytes. A higher percentage of cleavage (84.6% and 86.5%) and development to the morula stage (35.9% and 44.2%) was found when reconstructed embryos receiving cumulus or oviduct cells were cultured in MK1 medium, compared with those cultured in CR1aa (58.7% and 72.5%, 13.8% and 13.6%, respectively). There was no significant difference between MK1 and CR1aa media with respect to the proportion developing to the blastocyst stage (15.4% and 17.3% vs 6.8% and 8.6%, respectively, p>0.05). There was no significant effect (p>0.05) of donor cell type (cumulus and oviduct cells) on the rates of fusion (65.0% and 52.5%), cleavage (84.6% and 86.5%), development to the morula (35.9% and 44.2%), and blastocyst (15.4% and 17.3%) stages when reconstructed embryos were cultured in MK1 medium. Similar results were found for the reconstructed embryos cultured in CR1aa medium. These results show that culture medium has a significant impact on the early development of reconstructed cat embryos, whereas donor cell type does not have a significant effect.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2009

A 11-year-old female mixed cat with subcutaneous mass around the left 5th mammary glands was presented to local animal hospital. According to history taking, the mass recurred 2 times on the same site of abdomen. After surgical excision, subcutaneous mass was referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine in the Jeju National University. Grossly, round to oval, milky yellow or pale red nodules, measuring 0.1${\sim}$1 cm in diameter, were occupied in the subcutis. Microscopically, the most neoplastic sweat glands were proliferated in the dermis and subcutis. Most tubules were lined by round to oval shaped epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei with high mitotic figures and severe central necrosis. The neoplastic epithelium also had periodic acid-Schiff-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules, but was negative for Perl's iron stain. Based on the gross, histopathologic and special staining, this cat was diagnosed as apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma. In our best knowledge, this is the first report of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma around abdominal mammary gland in a cat.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.330-341
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• 2024

The Trichinella spiralis novel cystatin (TsCstN) inhibits cathepsin L (CatL) activity and inflammation of macrophages during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. To identify the protease inhibitory region, this study applied an in silico modeling approach to simulate truncation sites of TsCstN (Ts01), which created four truncated forms, including TsCstN^∆1-39 (Ts02), TsCstN^∆1-71 (Ts03), TsCstN^{∆1-20, ∆73-117} (Ts04), and TsCstN^{∆1-20, ∆42-117} (Ts05). The superimposition of these truncates modeled with AlphaFold Colab indicated that their structures were more akin to Ts01 than those modeled with I-TASSER. Moreover, Ts04 exhibited the closest resemblance to the structure of Ts01. The recombinant Ts01 (rTs01) and truncated proteins (rTs02, rTs03, and rTs04) were successfully expressed in a prokaryotic expression system while Ts05 was synthesized, with sizes of approximately 14, 12, 8, 10, and 2.5 kDa, respectively. When determining the inhibition of CatL activity, both rTs01 and rTs04 effectively reduced CatL activity in vitro. Thus, the combination of the α1 and L1 regions may be sufficient to inhibit CatL. This study provides comprehensive insights into TsCstN, particularly regarding its protein function and inhibitory domains against CatL.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.376-379
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• 2013

A four-week-old female Scottish Fold cat weighting 0.6 kg was admitted for vaccination. During the physical examination, the liquid feces were observed from the vulva and the anus was imperforate. The location of a narrow fistula and distended colon were identified on the contrast radiography. Definitive diagnosis was made as type III atresia ani with rectovaginal fistula. Anal reconstruction and ligation of the fistula were successfully undertaken to treat atresia ani. After surgery, the cat was treated with lactulose and a special diet consisting of high fiber was fed to increase digestibility. The cat was able to control defecation after 2 weeks post-operation. There was no complication for 8 months after surgery.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was undertaken to examine the relationship between airflow obstruction and subjective health status reported by stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) residing in the community. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 78 stable COPD patients aged 69.7 years old on average and selected by a convenient sampling from an outpatient department of pulmonology in tertiary hospitals. They completed a constructed questionnaire including general characteristics, smoking history, dyspnea by modified medical research council (mMRC) scale, and health status by COPD assessment test (CAT). Anthropometric measurements were performed for body mass index (BMI) and pulse oxymetry for $O_2$ saturation (Sat $O_2$). Medical records were reviewed to obtain disease-related characteristics including duration of the disease, cardiovascular comorbidity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$). Data were analyzed using PASW statistics 20.0. Results: Mean $FEV_1%$ and CAT scores were 55.11% and 17.73, respectively. Those in the lower stage of mMRC showed significantly higher $FEV_1$ and lower CAT. $FEV_1$ and CAT showed significant negative correlations; age and BMI with $FEV_1$, and Sat $O_2$ with CAT. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the less airway obstruction was, the better health status was, and provide the support for using subjective measures in clinical practices for COPD patients.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권49호
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• pp.563-588
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• 2017

Cats used to be long avoided in Korean culture due to prejudices on their negative implications, yet they are increasingly being favoured by domestic readers along with a growing number of cat lovers, picture books, essays and webtoons. In the case of Yoko Sano's work, half of her published books in Korea depicts cats. Among those is 'The Cat That Lived a Million Times' which is a worldwide million seller. The research analyses five picture books on cats published in Korea, focusing on finding out symbolic representation of cats other than merely being the protagonist of the book. Sano asserts that we respect our own free well and love ourselves just as cats do in her books. In conclusion, cats in Sano's work mostly represent the author herself, which are sometimes depicted as mother and son. The colours and thick outlines of her cats, unlike tender characteristics, describes self-righteous strong personality, while emphasising both static and dynamic movements.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2024

A 7-month-old, 5.2 kg spayed female Norwegian Forest cat was referred for chronic, non-weight-bearing lameness in the left pelvic limb that has been present since 3 months old and has not responded to medical conservative therapy. Based on orthopedic and radiographic examination, concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) and medial patellar luxation (MPL) of the left hind limb were diagnosed. In this case, cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO) was adopted to overcome side effect of performing other osteotomy techniques such as impairing the growth plates in the proximal tibia. Additionally, patient-specific surgical guides were applied to improve surgical accuracy. The patient showed an improvement in weight-bearing scores and gait condition during follow-up periods without complications. In our case, CTWO combined with corrective surgery for MPL can be used to treat concomitant CCLR and MPL without damaged on the growth plates and shows good clinical outcomes in an immature cat. Furthermore, the use of a surgical guide facilitates surgical procedures that minimize surgical error and increase surgical precision. This case study suggests that CTWO assisted by patient-specific surgical guides may be a viable surgical option for treating an immature cat with concomitant CCLR and MPL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 한국인지과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.131-136
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• 2002

한국어 CVC 음절의 하위 단위는 초성자음과 모음을 포함하는 음절체(body)와 종성자음(coda)으로 이루어져 있고, 영어 음절은 초성(onset)과, 모음과 종성자음을 포함하는 각운(rime)으로 이루어져 있다고 한다. 본 연구에서는 한국인이 영어의 음절을 한국어 음절 정보처리 방법으로 정보처리 하는지를 알아보고자 하였다 실험 조건으로는 음절체 일치 조건(예, 각-감, cap-cat), 각운 일치 조건(예, 남감, pat-cat), 그리고 두 자음 일치 통제조건(예, 김-감, cut-cat)과 무관련 통제 조건(예, ***-감, ***-cat)이 사용되었다. 실험 과제로는 점화 어휘판단 과제(primed lexical decision task)를 수행하였다. 만약 음절체 일치 조건에서의 점화효과가 각운 일치 조건에서의 점화효과보다 크다면 한국인의 음절분절 단위가 음절체-종성(body-coda) 구조일 것으로 예상할 수 있고 각운 조건에서의 점화효과가 더 크다면 그 단위가 초성-각운(onset-rime)구조일 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 실험 결과, 한국어 음절의 경우 각운 일치 조건의 점화 효과가 음절체 일치 조건의 점화 효과보다 크게 나타나 음절체-종성 구조로의 하위 단위 분석을 지지했다. 그러나 영어의 경우에는 각운 일치 조건의 점화 효과가 음절체 일치 조건의 점화 효과보다 크게 나타나 초성-각운 구조로의 분석을 지지하였다. 따라서 한국인이 시각 단어를 재인할 때에는 언어 특정적인 분석을 수행한다는 결과를 얻었다.