• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.159-163
• /
• 2009

CAT(Catchment hydrologic cycle Analysis Tool)은 기존 개념적 매개변수 기반의 집중형 수문모형과 물리적 매개변수 기반의 분포형 수문모형의 장점을 최대한 집약하여, 도시유역 개발 전 후의 장 단기적인 물순환 변화 특성을 정량적으로 평가하고 물순환개선시설의 효과적인 설계를 지원하기 위한 물순환 해석 모형이다. CAT은 수문학적으로 균일하게 판단되는 범위를 소유역으로 분할하여 지형학적 요인에 의한 유출 특성을 객관적으로 반영할 수 있으며, 개발 공간 단위별로 침투, 증발, 지하수 흐름 등의 모의가 가능하도록 하는 Link-Node 형식으로 개발되었다. 모형의 UI(User Interface)는 사용자가 손쉽게 모형을 적용 관리하고, 여러 시나리오를 동시에 효과적으로 모의하여 분석할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 또한 모든 입력 출력 자료를 Excel이나 텍스트 형식과 연동되도록 하여 프로젝트별 매개변수 관리가 용이하도록 개발하였다. CAT의 수문해석모듈로 증발산, 침투, 유역 유출, 지하수 유거, 하도추적 등의 모듈을 개발하였다. 증발산은 기준 증발산을 외부에서 직접 입력하거나, Penman-Monteith 방법을 선택할 수 있으며, 침투는 토양의 수리전도도에 따른 연직방향 침투 및 사면방향 복귀류를 고려할 수 있다. 노드의 지하수 유거를 고려하여 기존 노드-링크 방식 모형의 장기 유출 해석시 제한점을 보완하였으며, 하도추적을 위해 Muskingum, Muskingum-Cunge, Kinematic wave 방법 등의 해석법을 제공하였다. CAT의 수문모듈을 이용하여 설마천 유역을 단일노드 및 멀티노드로 개념화하여 모의하였으며, 모의결과를 관측유량과 비교한 결과, 두 경우 적절한 범위내의 결과임을 확인할 수 있었다. CAT의 안정적인 수문해석 기능을 바탕으로 향후 물순환개선시설 모듈과의 결합을 통해 장기 물순환 해석에 광범위하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.186-186
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 매개변수 자동 보정기법인 PEST(Model-Independent Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Analysis)를 CAT 모형에 연계하여 유출특성 분석을 실시하였다. CAT-PEST 연계모형은 CAT 모형의 모의유출량을 이용하며 PEST의 반복계산을 통하여 최적 매개변수를 추정한다. 침투방법은 CAT에서 제공하는 Rainfall Excess 방법, Green and Ampt 방법 및 Horton 방법을 이용하였으며 각 침투방법에 따른 유출 특성을 비교 및 분석하였다. 연구대상유역은 보령 댐 유역으로 유역면적은 $163.7km^2$이며 전체면적의 약 80%가 산지로 구성되어 있고, 유로연장은 22.3km, 유역평균경사는 40.19%이다. 또한 보령댐 유역의 월평년값 평균기온은 -0.8에서 $25.5^{\circ}C$로 계절변동이 매우 큰 것을 알 수 있다. 최근 몇 년간 심각한 가뭄 피해를 입은 보령댐 유역은 2016년에 도수관로를 완공하여 이를 통해 금강으로부터 물을 끌어다 쓰고 있는 실정이며, CAT 모형에서는 금강도수유입량을 외부유입 처리하여 유출량을 산정하였다. 모의기간은 1999년부터 2017년까지이며 전체기간에 대한 보정 후 연도별 보정을 실시하였다. 통계적 평가수단은 $R^2$, RMSE 및 NSE를 사용하여 유역 최종출구점에서의 유출량과 비교하였으며 전체기간에 대한 보정결과 NSE와 $R^2$가 0.75 이상으로 나타나 대체적으로 모의 유출수문곡선이 관측 수문곡선과 유사한 양상을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.336-339
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 비선형 MLCA(Maximum Length Cellular Automata)와 1D CAT(One-Dimensional Cellular Automata Transform)를 이용하여 의료 영상 암호화 방법을 제안한다. 암호화 방법은 먼저, Wolfram Rule 행렬에 의해 전이행렬 T를 생성한다. 그 후, 암호화하려는 원 영상에 생성된 전이 행렬 T를 곱하여 원 영상의 픽셀 값을 변환한다. 또한 변환된 원 영상을 여원 벡터 F와 XOR 연산하여 비선형 MLCA가 적용된 영상으로 변환한다. 다음, 게이트웨이 값을 설정하여 1D CAT 기저함수를 생성한다. 그리고, 비선형 MLCA가 적용된 영상에 생성된 1D CAT 기저함수를 곱하여 암호화를 한다. 마지막으로 키 공간 분석을 통하여 제안한 방법이 높은 암호화 수준의 성질을 가졌음을 검증한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2021

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) structurally resembles sphingolipids and interferes with their metabolism leading to sphingolipid dysregulation. We questioned if FB1 could exacerbate liver or kidney toxicities in glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) and catalase (Cat) knockout mice. While higher serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sphinganine (Sa) were measured in Gpx1/Cat knockout mice (Gpx1/Cat KO) than wild type mice after 5 days of FB1 treatment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), sphingosine-1 phosphate (So-1-P), and sphinganine-1 phosphate (Sa-1-P) were found to be relatively low. Although Sa was highly elevated in Gpx1/Cat KO mice and wild mice, lower levels of So and Sa were found in both the kidney and liver tissues of Gpx/Cat KO mice than wild type mice after FB1 treatment. Paradoxically, FB1-induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis were hastened under oxidative stress in Gpx1/Cat KO mice.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate whether the changes in structure and activity of antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) present in the eyes appeared when they were repeatedly exposed to UV-A, and reveal the correlation of these changes. Methods: Each enzyme solution was prepared from the standardized SOD and CAT, and repeatedly exposed to UV-A of 365 min under the condition of 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours a day over 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days. Structural denaturation of SOD and CAT induced by repeat UV-A irradiation was confirmed by the electrophoretic analysis, and their enzyme activity was determined by the colorimetric assay using the proper assay kit. Results: SOD exposed repeatedly to UV-A showed the polymerization pattern through the electrophoretic analysis when it was repeatedly exposed under the condition of at least 1 hour a day however, the change of its activity was found to be less than 12%. On the other hand, CAT repeatedly exposed to UV-A showed reduced size of the electrophoretic band which indicated a structure denaturation and its activity was significantly decreased. In the case of that the repeat exposure time was longer, CAT activity was completely lost even though some enzyme band was shown in the electrphoretic analysis. Conclusions: From these results, it was revealed that the degree and pattern in structural denaturation of antioxidative enzymes differently appeared according to the type of enzyme, and the degree of structural denaturation was not always consistent with the reduction in enzyme activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.211-233
• /
• 2008

This study examines various weighting methods for improving the performance of automatic classification based on Rocchio algorithm on two collections(LISA, Reuters-21578). First, three factors for weighting are identified as document factor, document factor, category factor for each weighting schemes, the performance of each was investigated. Second, the performance of combined weighting methods between the single schemes were examined. As a result, for the single schemes based on each factor, category-factor-based schemes showed the best performance, document set-factor-based schemes the second, and document-factor-based schemes the worst. For the combined weighting schemes, the schemes(idf*cat) which combine document set factor with category factor show better performance than the combined schemes(tf*cat or ltf*cat) which combine document factor with category factor as well as the common schemes (tfidf or ltfidf) that combining document factor with document set factor. However, according to the results of comparing the single weighting schemes with combined weighting schemes in the view of the collections, while category-factor-based schemes(cat only) perform best on LISA, the combined schemes(idf*cat) which combine document set factor with category factor showed best performance on the Reuters-21578. Therefore for the practical application of the weighting methods, it needs careful consideration of the categories in a collection for automatic classification.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.69 no.3
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2010

Background: The object of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Korean versions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) and Dyspnea-12 Questionnaire for patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). Methods: For the 127 COPD patients, we obtained the Korean versions of the 3 questionnaires being tested: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), CAT, and Dyspnea-12 with spirometric measurements. To assess the validity of CAT and Dyspnea-12, their correlation with SGRQ was evaluated. To assess the reliability of CAT and Dyspnea-12, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was evaluated. Results: The mean age of patient participants was $68.6{\pm}7.5$ years; 97.6% were male. The SGRQ score was correlated with the scores of the Korean version of CAT (r=0.71, p<0.0001) and Dyspnea-12 (r=0.73, p<0.0001). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the CAT and Dyspnea-12 were 0.77 and 0.78, respectively. Conclusion: The Korean versions of CAT and Dyspnea-12 were shown to be valid and reliable for the Korean COPD patients.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2003

The present study was carried out to examine the effect of catalase (CAT) on in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine follicular oocytes and oxygen concentration with CAT on in vitro development (IVD) of porcine IVM/IVF embryos. The results were summarized as follows - 1 . The rates of nuclear maturation, penetrated oocytes, pronucleus formation rates, polyspermic oocytes and mean numbers of the penetrated sperm were significantly lower in oocytes matured with 100, 500 and 1,000 units/ml CAT than those of central groups (P>0.05). 2. The rates of blastocyst formation and total cell numbers of blastocyst at day 7 after in vitro fertilization were significantly lower in CAT treatment groups than those of the central groups (P>0.05). 3. There were not significant difference in the blastocyst development and total cell numbers of blastocyst on in vitro culture of NCSU-23 media with 0, 100, 500 and 1000 units/ml CAT under the 5% and 20% $O_2$ concentrations. These results suggested that the addition of CAT was not helpful for porcine oocyte maturation and further development, also the rates of blastocyst formation and total cell numbers of blastocyst at day 7 of porcine IVM/IVF embryos were not significantly different in the NCSU-23 culture medium under the 5% and 20% $O_2$ concentrations.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.75-86
• /
• 2022

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary glucose oxidase (GOD), catalase (CAT), or both supplementation on reproductive performance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in sows. Methods: A total of 104 multiparous sows were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 26) with each group given a basal diet, basal diet plus GOD at 60 U/kg, basal diet plus CAT at 75 U/kg, and basal diet plus GOD at 60 U/kg and CAT at 75 U/kg. Sows were fed the experimental diets throughout gestation and lactation. Results: Dietary GOD supplementation increased average daily feed intake of sows and litter weight at weaning (p<0.05). Dietary CAT supplementation reduced the duration of parturition, stillbirth, and piglet mortality and increased growth performance of weaned piglets (p<0.05). Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and lessened oxidative stress product levels in plasma of sows and elevated antioxidant capacity of 14-day milk and plasma in weaned piglets (p<0.05). Dietary GOD supplementation increased fecal Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli counts of sows (p<0.05). Compared with the basal diet, the GOD diet reduced fecal Escherichia coli counts of sows, but the addition of CAT did not reduce Escherichia coli counts in the GOD diet. Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation reduced the apoptosis rate of the liver, endometrium, and ovarian granulosa cells in sows (p<0.05). In the liver, uterus, and ovary of sows, the mRNA expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was downregulated by dietary GOD and CAT supplementation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dietary GOD and CAT supplementation could improve the antioxidant capacity of sows and weaned piglets, and alleviate hepatic, ovarian and uterine apoptosis by weakening apoptosis-related gene expression. Glucose oxidase regulated fecal microflora of sows, but supplementation of CAT to GOD could weaken the inhibitory effect of GOD on fecal Escherichia coli.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2014

Recently, software-based programmable logic controller (PLC) systems, which are implemented in standard PLC languages on general hardware, are gaining popularity because they overcome the limitations of classical hardware PLC systems. Another noticeable trend is that the use of integrated development environment (IDE) is becoming important. IDEs can help developers to easily manage the growing complexity of modern control systems. Furthermore, industrial Ethernet, e.g. EtherCAT, is becoming widely accepted as a replacement for conventional fieldbuses in the distributed control domain because it offers favorable features such as short transmission delay, high bandwidth, and low cost. In this paper, we implemented the extension of open source IDE, called Beremiz, for developing EtherCAT-based real-time, synchronized motion control applications. We validated the EtherCAT system management features and the real-time responsiveness of the control function by using commercial EtherCAT drives and evaluation boards.