Objectives : This study aimed to assess the impact of a Korean Medicine (KM)-based health program on forward head posture (FHP) and smartphone addiction in children and adolescents, focusing on the link between media exposure and postural imbalance. Methods : A six-week program was conducted with 33 students, including smartphone addiction education, posture assessments, and correction exercises. Pre- and post-intervention data, including FHP angle measurements, smartphone addiction scores, and satisfaction surveys, were collected. Qi circulation exercises, auricular acupuncture, and taping therapy targeted key acupoints to improve FHP. Results : Post-intervention, participants showed a significant improvement in FHP, with an average angle reduction of 1.71 degrees (p <0.05), and a reduction in smartphone addiction scores by 4.67 points (p < 0.05). Conclusions : KM-based health programs can effectively improve posture and reduce health risks related to smartphone overuse in youth, highlighting KM's preventive potential in the digital age.

Objectives : This study aims to understand the students' perception of death in detail through qualitative research and to explore the necessity and direction of death education at the College of Korean Medicine. Methods : The study was conducted using a qualitative research method, Focus Group Interview (FGI). A total of 18 students participated voluntarily in this FGI. Six were pre-medical course students and 12 were medical course students at the College of Korean Medicine. FGI was conducted for 90 to 120 minutes in November 2023. Results : The students had more opinions than expected about death, and the experience of the death of a close person played a major role. Although they felt sadness, fear, and futility through such experiences, some students took death as a natural process. Most of them thought that death education was necessary in their curricula and important for emotional preparation and communication with patients as medical persons. There were many opinions that students want a place of communication where they can discuss death in-depth, and that it would be better to enter death education in the lower grades, and take fully-fledged classes in the upper grades of clinical medical education. Conclusions : Death education is essential for students to understand the death of themselves and others, and to cultivate the empathy and ethical attitude necessary to face patients' death as medical professionals. Accordingly, it is necessary to help students develop emotional stability and professional attitude and to properly cope with the situations regarding the death of patients.

Objective : In this study, we aimed to develop evaluation indicators for college of Korean medicine education programs using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. Method : A draft of evaluation indicators were developed through literature review, and a delphi survey was conducted to verify the evaluation indicators. The delphi survey was conducted in two rounds, and CVR (Content Validity Ratio), consensus, and convergence were analyzed to verify the validity of the delphi survey results, and CV (Coefficient of Variation) was analyzed to verify the stability of the delphi survey results. Results : We developed an evaluation indicators for college of Korean medicine education programs consisting of 4 evaluation areas, 35 evaluation items, 35 detailed evaluation Items evaluation scale, and 105 detailed evaluation items. Conclusion : This study is the first to develop evaluation indicators for college of Korean medicine education programs that has secured the reliability of experts by conducting a delphi survey. It is believed that it can contribute to the establishment and refinement of the educational program evaluation system for all college of Korean medicine.

Objectives : We tried to clarify the difficulties the Korean medicine students face when writing medical records, thereby contributing to the development of educational courses on medical record writing. Method : An online-based questionnaire survey was developed by the research team and conducted to 5 medical volunteer groups at 1 Korean medicine college. Results : 89% of the students answered that they had written medical records while volunteering, all of them using paper charts. Students’ knowledge about the medical records and their difficulties in writing them increased altogether according to their academic year. Top 3 difficulties were: (1) writing the medical record while simultaneously communicating with the patient, (2) phrasing the answers in terminology appropriate for medical records, (3) being aware of questions they missed to ask & reviewing the patient’s previous medical records (tied). Conclusion : Students of higher academic year, despite having more knowledge, experienced more difficulties while writing medical records. Their main challenge is in the actual use of the medical records in clinical field.

Objectives : The study aimed to establish a comprehensive understanding of cancer patients’ experiences with Korean Medicine (KM) in long-term care hospital, ultimately seeking to inform policy development for integrating these treatments into cancer care systems. Methods : The study involved 20 cancer patients receiving KM treatments at two specialized long-term care hospitals. A semi-structured interview guide was developed, allowing flexible exploration of patients' pre-diagnosis lifestyles, medical treatment experiences, and perspectives on KM. Thematic analysis, following Braun & Clarke’s six phases, was employed to identify and report patterns in the qualitative data. Results : The study identified six main themes regarding cancer patients’ experiences with KM in the long-term care hospital, including reasons for choosing a KM hospital after treatment at a general Western Medicine hospital, challenges in the process of selecting a KM hospital, perception of Korean and Western Medicine treatments, experiences after admission to a KM hospital, perception of KM cancer treatment, plans and hopes after KM cancer treatment. Patients reported positive outcomes, especially in pain management, but faced financial barriers and a lack of information when selecting hospitals. The need for better collaboration between Korean and Western Medicine and ongoing research to improve public awareness was highlighted. Conclusion : It is necessary to establish the role of KM in the future cancer treatment delivery system, thereby contributing to the construction of a management system for chronic cancer patients.

Objectives : The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has driven changes across various sectors, including medicine. This study examines patent trends in the integration of Korean medicine (KM) and AI, an area previously unexplored. Methods : Patents published and registered until February 2024 were retrieved from KIPRIS, a patent information database. Search terms included 'han-ui-hak', 'hanbang', 'artificial intelligence', 'deep learning', 'machine learning', and 'AI'. A total of 153 KM-AI patents were identified and categorized by application year, patentee, patent content (prevention, diagnosis, treatment, etc.), AI technology (rule-based, learning, cognitive, inference), and data type (structured, video, voice, natural language, signal, composite). Results : A total of 153 patents related to the combination of KM and Al were selected and analyzed. Patent applications began with one in 2008 and peaked at 23 in 2021. The Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine held the majority with 118 (77.12%), while other entities filed 33 (22.88%). Patent contents were primarily for diagnosis (53.59%), followed by treatment (11.76%) and prevention (8.50%), with 34 patents (22.22%) covering multiple areas. Most AI technologies used were rule-based (75.16%), followed by learning (13.07%), inference (10.46%), and cognitive (2%). Data types included structured (25.49%), video (33.33%), voice (3.92%), natural language (6.54%), signal (18.95%), and composite (11.76%). Conclusion : KM-AI integration is progressing actively, indicating KM's potential to evolve with modern trends. However, it is thought that more multidisciplinary research between the KM community and other academic disciplines should be encouraged.

Objective : Cassiae semen has been used for a long time as a traditional medicinal herb in Eastern Asia. Despite the recent surge in experimental research of Cassiae semen, there is an increasing need for medical reinterpretation of its individual pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacological effects of Cassiae semen and its constituents. Methods : We included experimental studies related to the Cassiae Semen and bioactive components from 2013 to 2023 using NCBI PubMed, Research Information Service System (RISS), Korean studies Information Service System (KISS), and Korean medicine databases (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS]). For 33 animal studies among experimental studies, SYRCLE's Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the methodological quality. Data extraction included author, year, study design, and main efficacy results. The pharmacological actions of Cassia tora and active components were extracted according to disease group. Results and Conclusion : Based on the inclusion criteria, we selected 51 articles. The risk of bias assessment revealed that in animal studies, baseline characteristics, random housing, incomplete outcome data, and selective reporting were rated as low risk in most studies, while allocation concealment, blinding, and random outcome assessment were not reported in many studies. Cassiae semen and its components showed therapeutic effects including neuroprotection, anti-cancer, anti-metabolic syndrome, anti-inflammation, anti-degenerative joint disease, and hepatoprotection. The bioactive compounds of Cassiae semen are mainly anthraquinone compounds. The present study provided preliminary information for further clinical research on Cassiae semen and its active compounds.

Objectives : Applied Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly utilized in medicine, while traditional medicines, such as Korean Medicine (KM), persist within medical systems. A feature of KM is its diagnostic approach, known as syndrome-centered medicine. Despite its widespread use, it was challenging to utilize AI with KM. Therefore, this study aims to compare strengths and weaknesses of KM in the era of AI. Results : KM faces challenges in data utilization due to the reliance on syndrome-centered medicine, the restoration of data through patient inquiries, and the uncertainty surrounding syndromes. Despite these challenges, syndrome-centered medicine offers strengths. It provides immediacy, simultaneity, and safety for patients and cost-effectiveness, physician-led initiatives, patient satisfaction, and rapid responsiveness for doctors. However, there are significant weaknesses. For patients, it may be inefficient for severe uncertain indicates, and limited data access. Academically, KM's foundation in traditional theories complicates the pursuit of quantitative research. This hinders objectivity, standardization, and certainty, undermining confidence in its efficacy. Socially, it has isolated KM, creating educational difficulties and worsening its credibility and the relationship. diseases, ambiguous, and harmful due to reliance on patient initiative. For doctors, it involves risks as incorrectness, overdependence on patients, increased workload, ambiguity, inter-professional conflicts, Conclusion : This study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of syndrome-centered medicine in KM. Henceforth, data-driven approaches and transitioning to disease-centered medicine are indispensable. A paradigm shift could facilitate data collection, publish evidence-based policies, and restore public confidence.