This paper is the translation of Professor Sung Sa Hong's paper written in Korean and previously published in this journal, whose old title was Historia Mathematica, in 1998. Recently, there has been a request from the Chinese academic community to translate Professor Hong's papers into Chinese. In light of the international interest in Professor Hong's research, our editorial board has resolved to provide comprehensive translations in English. This decision arises from the ongoing efforts to broaden the paper's readership internationally and foster a more inclusive academic discourse. In the original Korean text, the Chinese names and the birth-death dates of the Chinese figures are included in the main body, whereas in the corresponding English translation they are separately indicated in the footnotes. The footnote added by the translators are quoted with the translator's comment mark "[TC]".

This study traces the origins of Newton's genius based on the Imprinted Brain Theory grounded in evolutionary psychology. According to this theory, Newton's genius can be understood as a combination of his mathematical and logical abilities as well as his interpretative and meaning-expanding capabilities. Extreme geniuses like Newton are the result of the coexistence of an autistic brain specialized in mathematical and logical abilities and a paranoid brain specialized in interpretative and meaning-expanding abilities. Through this perspective, we can gain insights not only into the brains of geniuses and prodigies but also into the origins of human cognitive abilities.