Precision control technologies are required for Lithography devices. The Linear BLDC Motor is used for operations of the stage. The stage is installed in Lithography devices. The stage is basically controlled though three directions (x, y, z axes). This paper presents precision control technologies of the Linear BLDC Motor (only one axes) by using computer simulations. We will plan that real systems is made and tested.

Double-side LPM may be replaced the solenoid as the valve driving device with out difficulty and give full play to control the valve accurately. Double-side LPM's magnetic structure is so complex by the cubic effect configuration that finite element analysis is required. Thus, in this paper, by 2D and 3D finite element analysis, we get the flux distribution and static thrust force curves of designed double side LPM.

본 연구에서는 SRM의 설계 단계에서 일반적으로 얻을 수 있는 자속 쇄교-전류 곡선으로부터 SRM의 토크-속도 특성 곡선을 예측하는 방법을 제시한다. B-스플라인 함수를 이용하여 SRM에 가해질 수 있는 상전류 파형을 모두 모델링하고 각각의 회전자의 속도에서 최대의 토크를 낼 수 있는 전류 파형을 구한다. 제안된 방법은 상전류 제어뿐만 아니라 스위칭 각도 제어까지 고려한 모든 상전류 파형을 표현할 수 있기 때문에 SRM이 최적으로 동작하는 상황에서의 토크-속도 특성임을 보장할 수 있다. 제안된 방법은 SRM의 설계 단계에서 별도의 제어기 설계 없이 간단히 성능을 평가할 수 있는 방법이다.

We designed the prototype of electromagnetic wobble motor which could be applied to ultrasonic catheter in the before study. So, In this paper we perform 3D FEM of the designed prototype model with the computer analysis tool(Magnet 6.4). Therefore we prove the characteristics and theorems of the wobble motor with 3D FEM.

In this paper, we analyze three-dimensional magnetic field distribution of a convergence purity maget(C.P.M) which is used for a cathode ray tube. The magnetization vector distribution of the C.P.M is obtained from the result of magnetization process analysis using the 2D F.E.M. Then the motion of electron beam passing through the inner space of the C.P.M is determined and compared with experimental result.

x,y평면 위를 자유롭게 구동할 수 있는 서피스 모터(평면 모터)의 디텐트력을 3차원 유한요소 해석을 이용하여 해석한다. 고정자와 이동자를 분리하여 모델링을 하고 접하는 면을 주기 경계조건으로 처리하여 실제로 이동하지 않고도 이동을 고려할 수 있도록 하였다. 고정자와 이동자의 계수 행렬을 분리하여 영역 분할법을 적용하여 계산 시간을 단축하였다.

Transient phenomena cause delay in control response and must be studied and eliminated, if possible, suppressed. The difficulty in analyzing transient phenomena in ac machines comes from the large number of windings involved. But, it is possible that only one phase is used to represent three phases of the induction motor as called phase segregation method. The phase segregation method provides equivalent circuits for both the steady and transient states of induction motor. In this paper, analysis of the torque transient of the induction motor be carried out the phase segregation method and confirmed in the possibility of transientless torque control.

A simple analysis method for inverter-fed induction motor using F.E.M and equivalent circuit is proposed. And an optimum shape of rotor slot for 2Hp inverter-fed induction motor is determined by combining the proposed analysis method and an optimization algorithm. Conjugate gradient method is used for the optimization algorithm. The optimization is performed for higher efficiency and reduction of harmonic loss in the inverter-fed induction motor. The optimization results are verified by comparing with those of the time-step F.E.A and the experiment.

This paper describes the operating characteristic analysis of PM-type magnetic circuit breaker for electromagnetic field, electric circuit and mechanical motion problems. Transient calculations based up 2D finite element magnetic field solution including non-linearity of materials. Change of dynamic characteristic from eddy current in mover is quantified from FEM analysis.

This paper is proposed the modeling and computational methods for estimating the steady and dynamic characteristics of a transverse flux type SRM. To obtain characteristics parameters of the transverse flux type SRM which is considered the magnetic non-linearity phenomena. the magnetic equivalent parameters of SRM are computed by the finite element method as functions of the input current and angular displacement. Dynamic characteristics of the designed transverse flux type SRM is simulated and estimated by Matlab/simlunk.

This paper demonstrates the trip of high-voltage motor(6.6kV 4,600Hp). To analyze the causes of damage in motors. exactness analysis of electricity system, analysis inspection of motor and voltage quality analysis fiery development were investigated. This result propose to improvement system and repair method.

A numerical method for the analysis of 3D eddy current in conductors due to applied time varying field is suggested using the finite element method. In the approximation of the field quantifies, the edge element is used, because it reduce the required computer memory and the computing time compared with the nodal elements. With edge elements, furthermore, the field governing equations become simple because the electric scalar potential ${\phi}$ can be set to zero. The modified magnetic vector potential($A^*$) is used as a state variable. The analysed results are compared with the experimentally measured ones for the TEAM workshop problem3.

The RMU is a power apparatus which is used in loop network distribution system. This paper considers the development of the hybrid interrupter in RMU which adopts both rotating arc and thermal expansion technology. Because of the operating principle of this device, it has some merit, compared with other interrupter. In this research, the geometric construction of the interrupting techniques are given and experimental results of hybrid interrupter which is developed by new technology is introduced.

This paper deals with the design of transverse flux linear actuator based on the proposed design procedure. To satisfy requirement specifications, the initial model is designed by the equivalent magnet circuit and then the detailed design is achieved by Finite Element Method(FEM) using the equivalent reluctance 2D model. The effects of the design parameter on the static characteristics are investigated to increase the thrust.

This paper presents the dynamic characteristics Linear DC Motor(LDM) using 3 Dimensional Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Network Method(3-D EMCN) by voltage driven. The movement of mover substitutes for the movement of magnetization in permanent magnet expressed by Fourier series. The Dynamic characteristics are carried out from coupling the electrical circuit equation and mechanical kinetic equation.

Recently, the demands of the ultra-precision stage system, such as wafer stepper stages for photolithography, are increasing in the field of manufacturing and test equipment. Since the mechanical elements which convert rotational motion into translational introduce backlash and elasticity in the system, better performance of the drive could be achieved by the linear BLDC motor with appropriate servo control. The analytical design and the FEM analysis about linear BLDC motor is described in this paper. The performance of the servo-drive system will be evaluated through the comparison of results between the designed data and the measured data in the future.

This paper proposes two kinds of the eddy current brake which uses permanent magnet. The one, like multipolar excitation consists of hexahedron shape of a segmented permanent magnetic and iron situated in the air-gap. The other, like multipolar excitation consists of only a segmented permanent magnetic. We use a finite element method to compute the flux distribution in the model. Also, we use the Galerkin-FEM with linear interpolation function may oscillate between the adjacent nodes to calculate the braking and attraction force. The advantages of the Halbach array are discussed.

In this paper, a fault tolerant control problem is considered for a class of nonlinear system formulated in a gain scheduling form with LMI-based H-inf control technique Key benefits of this proposed scheme are demonstrated in the simulation of an electromagnetic suspension system with actuator and/or sensor failures, and the method is compared with the convensional state-feedback and output-feedback controller. It is clearly observed that the proposed control scheme shows an improved output performance in comparision with convensional methods.

This paper presents the results of monitoring for measuring characteristics of Linear Oscillatory Actuator we used LabVIEW software. The results is divided into two parts, thats is part for electrical quantity calculation, mechanical quantify calculation detecting part.

Induction heating is utilized in a large and ever-increasing number of application. The most prominent of these are billet heating heat treating, metals joining, and metal melting. In these day, heating roll, a kind of induction heating, is widely used in curing of coatings and fiber industry. In this paper, at first, treated that heating roll's characteristics equation. The second, analysis of magnetic flux and eddy currents distribution using FEM.

In this paper, by designing the width of the stator coil, double sided excitation LDM with multi-separated winding which is possible to obtain the constant thrust force is proposed. Using Permeance method, equvalent magnetic circuit method, Maxwell 2D, which is the magnetic field analysis package, we were analyzed and proved the validity of design process, also the characteristics of LDM according to magnet vs. coil width ratio of LDM was almost in accord with the experiment results.

Energy recovery in the regenerative region is very important when SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor) is used in traction drive. This is because that to reduce energy loss during mechanical braking and/or to have a high efficiency drive during braking. To control excitation voltage in motor operation and regenerative voltage in the generator operation in the SRM, multi-level voltage control is effective. This paper suggests multi-level inverter which is useful for motoring and regenerative operation in SRM.

본 논문은 휴대용 기기 충전을 위한 영구 자석형 선형 발전기의 특성 해석을 담고 있다. 발생된 전력의 크기와 용량, 충방전 시간 측정을 포함하고 있으며, 전압 평활화에 따른 결과 역시 고려하였다.

There are two kinds of the synchronous motor, one is an induction type motor started without a driving system, the other is the one started with an external driving system. but, both are complicated. Nowadays, in order to devoid for the synchronous motor being complicated in design, line start permanent magnet(LSPM) motors are being developed. The LSPM motor is composed of the rotor that has interior permanent magnet and aluminum bar instead of general rotor. In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of the LSPM motor which has both characteristics of an induction motor and a synchronous motor, and we compared the the LSPM motor characteristics with the induction motor.

Many standards have published for calculating the ampacity of bare overhead conductors. Although these standards use the same basic heat balance concept, they use different approaches to calculate ampacity ratings. This paper looks at the different approaches used to calculate individual heat balance terms, at the overall impact of these terms on the ampacity rating. And this paper is proposed to the selection of proper standard and atmospheric conditions for calculating the ampacity of bare overhead conductors.

부분여자된 영구자석형 선형동기전동기(PMLSM)의 단부효과를 고려한 특성을 나타낸다. 선형동기전동기의 고효율 운전을 위하여 전기자 권선을 가동자의 위치별 부분여자하였으며, 이와 더불어 양단부의 제한된 자석길이에 의한 단부효과를 나타낸다.

An advanced angular position detector (APD) for the SMART CEDM (control element drive mechanism) was designed. The APD is required to be small size with high resolution for angular displacement of rotary step motor. Unfortunately the proximity sensors can not be adopted to SMART CEDM because the motor shaft is located in the pressure boundary cylinder filled with the primary coolant under high temperature and pressure. This paper describes the electromagnetic finite element analysis for the design of advanced angular position detector for the SMART CEDM. The electromagnetic properties obtained will be used as Input for the optimization analysis of the APD.

The electric wave propagation characteristics of electromagnetic field by induction current shows a nonlinear distinction in the metal but linear on air. This paper is written about the magnetic transmission distinction in the metalic tube, which wrapped the center axis by the same direction. The electromagnetic field made by the transmission signal is transferred from the transmission coil area toward the receiving coil by the magnetic diffusion. So, it is different magnetic flux around the coil with one in the remote field area. Analyzing such a complex magnetic characteristic, we verified this theory by the vector analysis and presented eddy current mechanism and analytical model about magnetic distribution in the remote field area. This magnetic distribution rate in metal body will be very useful in the nondestructive inspection of the eddy current in remote field which is recently rising as a new technology.

Linear induction motor(LIM) have static and dynamic end effects due to its finite core length, so that per-phase impedances are asymmetric and the air gap flux distribution is distorted. So, this paper propose the d-q axis equivalent circuit and vector control method considering both static and dynamic end effects of the LIM. This vector control method consists of the slip frequency control, the time-invariant control and decoupling control. As a result, it is shown that the results of equivalent circuit method have a goof agreement with the results of finite element method.

This paper presents the develop-ment of electromagnetic wave detecting equipment for diagnosis of enclosed switchboard. High voltage power equipments are very important equipment of the key industries and the private enterprise power line accidents are national plans because of those set off casualties lose of power equipments and communication networks. Therefore the necessity of the development of detecting for power equipment diagnosis is demand for prevention of high voltage equipment accidents. This paper is the development of electromagnetic wave detecting equipment for diagnosis of high voltage equipment. This paper establishes the diagnosis method for high voltage power equipments, that secures original technique and possesses detecting technique for electromagnetic wave. By the study we developed electromagnetic wave detector and we applied this equipment application tests at the place constructed high voltage equipments.

This paper describes the construction and test results of a 10kVA single phase HTS transformer. Double pancake windings with BSCCO-2223 HTS tape and GFRP cryostat with room temperature bore are used in the transformer. Two double pancake windings are connected in series to provide 184 turns and two double pancake windings are connected in parallel to conduct the secondary current of 45.4A. Coefficients of the constructed transformer are obtained using the fundamental tests of the transformer. According to the test results, larger leakage reactance than expected is observed due to the bulky core which surrounded the cryostat.

A 3D magnetostatic field is analyzed considering the non-linear characteristics of the material using finite element method. In the finite element formulation, the edge element is adopted since it reduces the required computer memory and the computing time. The modified Newton-Raphson method is also used for non-linear analysis. A numerical example with the TEAM workshop problem 13 is analyzed, and the results are proved to concide well with measured ones.

This paper present the characteristic improvements of one-coil coin type vibration Motor. Rotor is consist of coreless coil and 4 segment commutator. Magnet is 4 pole, z direction magnetized. This one-coil coin type vibration motor has simple mechanical structure and good efficiency. So production cost is lower than other having 2 or more coils coin type motor but it has the weak points. That is small vibration magnitude and dead zone. Modifying the shape of rotor, vibration magnitude is increased. To avoid the dead zone we attached more magnetic body on rotor. As result we show the optimal position of magnetic body.

To analyze the transient state of an induction motor, there have been studies for using the magnetic equivalent circuit method(MECD) instead of the time differential finite-element method. MECD which analyzes magnetic equivalent circuits after converting each part of an electric machine into the magnetic circuit elements, has the merits of short calculation-time and comparatively accurate results. To analyze an electric machine with MECM, we have to replace stator and rotor with the magnetic elements and express the air gap, where electromechanical energy conversion takes place, with the permeance. So in this study, to analyze an Induction Motor with HECM, we express the magnetic equivalent circuit as algebraic equations and then as the matrix for solving easily them. In particular, all relations are formed with matrixes to solve Mathematically them in the programming process later. As a result, this theory will be the basis on the static and dynamic analysis of an Induction Motor.

STATCOM(static synchronous compensator : one of the custom power equipment) can be used for balancing unbalanced loads. Compensation current references are given by the analysis of the unbalanced 3-phase currents. And for detecting negative-sequence components, a digital Butterworth Filter is designed. Finally a negative sequence component of an unbalanced load current is acquired using the digital Butterworth Filter.

Recently many studies have been performed for variable speed control of induction motor. Direct Torque Control(DTC) is emerging technique for variable speed control of PWM inverter driven induction motor. DTC allows the direct control of stator flux and instantaneous torque through simple algorithm. In this paper ASIC design technique using VHDL is applied to DTC based speed control of induction motor. ASIC for DTC based speed control is designed through the description of coordinate transformation, speed controller stator flux and torque estimator, stator flux and torque controller, stator flux position detector. FSM(Finite State Machine) and inverter voltage switching vector. Finally the above system has been implemented on the FPGA (XC4052XL-PG411). Simulation and experiment has been performed to verify the performance of the designed ASTC.

본 논문에서는 stepper motor 나 BLDC motor를 구동하기 위하여, 최신 microcontroller, PC, control IC board 등으로 구성된 새로운 시스템을 설명하는데 목적이 있다. 이 시스템에서는 인터넷으로 전송되는 microcontroller program를 이용하여 SPDS(smart power development system)을 구동시키고, 이로 인하여 dedicated drive IC를 제어하여 stepper 또는 BLDC motor를 구동시키게 되며, 원격지에 있는 사용자의 motor를 제어함을 목표로 하고 있다. 본 논문에서 사용된 drive IC 는 SGS-Thomson 제품으로써 stepper motor 용으로 L6205/6/7/8, 그리고 BLDC motor 용으로 L6235 이다. SPDS는 ST92F120 16-bit microcontroller를 사용하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 인터넷 Protocol Converter에 의한 프로그램 전송, Operating System Program 및 Driver Software Program의 생성 및 구성, Drive IC의 구성 및 특징, SPDS 의 hardware 및 software 의 구성 등에 대하여 설명한다.

This paper proses a soft-switching current-source inverter with a switched-capacitor module. The system operation was analyzed by a theoretical approach with equivalent circuits and verified by a computer simulation and experiment. The proposed system could be effectively applied for the power converter of photovoltaic power generation interconnected with the power system.

There have been significant advances in thyratron performance in recent years. these advanced waveforms have increased the complexity and cost of drive circuits. Thyratrons can reliably switch anode voltages up to 40kV and conduct peak currents up to 10kA or more. So stable thyratron drivers are essential for reliable high voltage pulse modulators. In order to operate thyratron well, thyratron driver need high repetition rate, fast rising time and low jitter. In this paper, used power MOSFET/transformer combinations. Designed thyratron driver is satisfied requirements and experimental results are presented to confirm.

The induction motor is a high-efficiency machine when working close to its rated operation point. This paper uses a simple induction motor model that includes iron losses. The model, which only requires the knowledge of conventional induction motor parameters, is referred to a field-oriented frame. At steady-state light-load condition the minimum point of the input power can be found with the condition that it is possible to obtain the same torque with different combinations of flux and current values. Using the minimum point. the drive system with the proposed efficiency optimization controller can be controlled easily. Simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed for an induction motor drive.

Measurement used electricsal sounding(MacOHM 2115, Japan) for grounding resistance of Jung-Bu highway Ha-Nam IC about 500m. To applied measurement method is fall of potential method and analysis earth resistivity used ESII(Electrical Sounding Interactive Interpretation) program. This result propose for construction plan of electric corrosion.

Measurement and analysis for earth resistivity and grounding resistance of Jeon-Ju's widearea-waterworks water pipe line. This result propose to improvement method for exactness analyze the causes for lack of corrosion voltage.

In this study, the system which can make the generator's output voltage more stable by using the inverter in terms of PWM method, is designed It is one of the method reducing velocity of the wind in the process of the wind power generation. Thus, in this system, it is necessary to use a excellent current control inverter. So pulse with modulation method with a high-speed switching element is introduced to control the output current. And also, in order to get a fast response when the standard current generated by the vector control algorithm is supplied with the generator, the output control system with the fast response character and the best current control character is suggested. In this way, the result from the introduction of the control system is that a response character to the changable velocity of the wind is excellent, causing the remarkable reduction of the percentage of the harmonic and the outstanding stability of the variation of the output voltage.

Recently, the power supply equipments have tendency to take multiple feedback loop paths. In this paper, the state space averaging technique is applied for the analysis of flyback type current mode control circuit. We made real converter for the gurantee of stable output characteristic and proper design of feedback circuit. The validity of proposed method is verified from test results. The improvement of stability is confirmed by sinusoidal signal injection method with isolated transformer. It is known that phase margin is sufficient and gain crossover frequency $f_c$ is nearly 1/5 of switching frequency $f_s$ from the experimental result with frequency response analyzer.

Two-stage power factor correction (PFC) converter with a single PWM controller is proposed. It consists of a power factor pre-regulator cascaded by an isolated DC/DC converter as in a conventional two-stage approach. However, a single PWM controller is used as in a single-stage, single-switch PFC approach. This converter gives the goof power factor correction, low line current harmonic distortions, and tight output voltage regulations. This converter also has a high efficiency by employing an soft switching method. The proposed approach has advantages such as high performance over the single-stage approach and low cost over two-stage approach. The experimental results obtained on a 300W (30V/10A) prototype PFC converter are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

This paper presents a study on the indirect FOC (field oriented control) of induction motor using TMS320F240. This DSP has become possible to design and implement a highly efficient and accurate AC induction drive control. This paper describes a pulse width modulator based on the voltage space vectors technique that accepts voltage demands in dq coordinates and generates three-phase PWM waveforms to drive a variable frequency voltage-source inverter. The Current Model lock is added to generate the rotor flux angular speed.

In this paper, voltage controlled APF(Active Power Filter) is introduced to improve power factor and reduce harmonic generated from nonlinear load. The voltage controlled APF which is consisted of inverter and passive filter operates with nonlinear load simultaneously. According to the results of simulation, it is proved that the proposed system has the performance of improving power factor and reducing harmonics.

According to the rapid growth of high speed and precise industry the application of synchronous motor has been increased. In the application fields, the fast dynamic response is of prime importance. In particular, since the PMSM has characteristics of high speed, high thrust, it has used in high-performance servo drive. From these reasons, it is recently used for high precise position control, and machine tool. In this paper, using the state observer, robust vector position control method for the purpose of improving the system performance deterioration caused by parameter variations is proposed.

The photovoltaic power generation system has a great future as clean energy instead of fossil fuel which has many environmental problems such as exhausted gas or air pollution. In a utility interactive photovoltaic generation system, a three-phase inverter is used for the connection between the photovoltaic array and the utility. This paper presents a three phase inverter for photovoltaic power system with current controller, voltage controller, PLL control system and the phase detector of interactive voltage by using da transformation. The proposed inverter system provides a sinusoidal ac current for domestic loads and the utility line with unity power factor. The results of the operated from January to October show the system characteristics.

This paper describes a new approach to estimating permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) speed and position from measured terminal voltages and currents for speed-sensorless vector control. The proposed system is based on observing the instantaneous reactive power of the motor. The described technique is very simple and robust to variations of motor parameters. The new approach is not dependent upon the value of the stator resistance. Also, MRAS schemes are chosen for determining the adaptive law for the speed and the position estimator. The effectiveness is verified by the experimental results.

A representation technique of a given track topology is required by many software applications in railway technology such as signalling system simulator. To achieve these, the concept of double vertex graph architecture is proposed. These are composed of pairs of vertices and node between the single vertices. Double vertex graph architecture can be understood as a extension of classical graphs. In developed railway signalling simulation software, it is shown that track topology can be represented by proposed algorithm in a efficient way. Especially it makes sure that these are suitable technique for representing and implementing of switch, routes which can be introduced some mistake in classical graph algorithm.

열차의 신호 시스템은 열차의 안전운행에 있어 매우 중요한 기술로, 고도의 기술적 능력과 경험이 요구되는 분야이다. 그 동안 당사에서 개발한 ATS(Automatic Train Stop)를 제외한 대부분의 철도 제어 신호 시스템은 국내에서는 개발이 잘 안되었고, 설사 개발되었다 해도 실제 운행 실적이 없다 하여, 철도나 지하철 및 경량 전철에 적용하는 데에 어려움이 많았다. 이에 본 논문에서는 당사의 기술과 외국의 협력업체의 기술을 결합하여 철도 신호 보안 시스템의 최적 구축 방안에 대해 연구하였다.

본 논문에서는 Grafcet을 이용하여 고속 철도의 외부 승강문 운영 데이터 처리 사양으로부터 승강문 운영 상세 사양을 구성하는데 목적을 둔다. 이에 따라 승강문 열림/닫힘, 승강문 열림 및 승강문 닫힘 관련 Grafcet을 구성한 후, 천이와 스텝의 관점에 따라 연관된 액션과 천이 조건 등을 분류하여 주어진 Grafcet의 특성 및 순차 제어 논리 분석을 실행한다.

This paper describes the design of optimal location and capacity of DC substation for Mass Transit System. Three factors are considered for the design i.e. substation arrangements, line configuration and substation power capacity. In this study, we considered all of them for capacity calculation of power supply system for MTS. At first, DC-fed-traction system is introduced on an outline, a characteristics of train and fed network, and design method of substation arrangements. Optimal design procedures are described, and program for capacity calculation of the system is presented. In addition, the computer simulated results are compared with the conventional simple calculation method.

The train control system using radio is based on the radio communication between an on-board control system and a ground control system unlike other train control systems that rely on track circuit. To realize a new train control system based on a new principle, it is important to analyze safety in a systematic manner at an early stage, and identify important factors for the system. For this reason, we think a procedure that select hazards and identify their causes and allocate safety requirements to such hazards. This paper describes this procedure to realize system safety.

The most generally implemented method to detect the ground speed of the railway vehicles is to use the rotary type speed sensor attached to wheel axle. The Slip or sliding phenomenon on the railway vehicles occurs frequently caused by the weak viscosity of the wheel. Thus, precisely to control the car, the slip/sliding detection system is required. In this paper we proposed for the speed data management system, which uses rotary type speed sensor. Proposed speed management system can detect the slip/sliding with wheel axle as well as correct the generated speed error during in error time, to provide accurate speed and precise location data. The effectiveness for adapting to the railway system is clarified by the computer simulation.