Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회지)

Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Studies on Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammation and Collagen Synthesis Activities of Novel Ginsenoside C-Mc1

희귀 진세노사이드 C-Mc1 의 피부 유해균 억제, 항염, 콜라겐 합성 효능 연구

  • Minjung Kwon (LG Household & Health Care Ltd., LG Science Park) ;
  • Dohyun Kim (LG Household & Health Care Ltd., LG Science Park) ;
  • Hong Gu Lee (LG Household & Health Care Ltd., LG Science Park) ;
  • Eui Taek Jeong (LG Household & Health Care Ltd., LG Science Park) ;
  • Nae-Gyu Kang (LG Household & Health Care Ltd., LG Science Park)
  • Received : 2025.11.20
  • Accepted : 2026.01.13
  • Published : 2026.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the therapeutic potential of the rare ginsenoside C-Mc1, isolated from the medicinal plant Panax ginseng, for skin health. C-Mc1 demonstrated significant efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes (RT1, RT4, and RT5), key skin commensals implicated in acne and inflammation. Specifically bactericidal and growth inhibitory effects were confirmed at concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 50.0 ㎍/mL. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory and pro-collagen synthesis activities were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production and the promotion of COL1A1 synthesis. Significant inhibition of NO production and marked promotion of COL1A1 synthesis were observed at C-Mc1 concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 10.0 ㎍/mL. Based on these results, we would like to present ginsenoside C-Mc1 as a high value-added material with skin efficacy.

본 연구는 약용 식물인 Panax ginseng (고려 인삼)에 존재하는 희귀 진세노사이드 C-Mc1의 피부 효능을 탐색하였다. 여드름, 피부 염증 등을 일으킬 수 있는 피부 상재균인 Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium acnes RT1, RT4, RT5에 대한 C-Mc1의 효능을 확인하였다. 그 결과, 12.5 ~ 50.0 ㎍/mL 농도 수준에서 균의 생장 억제 및 살균능을 확인하였다. 또한 항염 효능 및 콜라겐 합성 효능을 확인하기 위해 염증 매개 인자인 nitric oxide 생성 억제능과 COL1A1 합성능을 확인한 결과, 실험 농도인 1.0 ㎍/mL, 2.0 ㎍/mL, 10.0 ㎍/mL 농도에서 모두 유의미한 결과를 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 진세노사이드 C-Mc1을 피부 효능을 갖춘 고부가 가치 소재로서 제시하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. G. J. Fisher, B. Wa ng, Y. Cui, M. Shi, Y. Zha o, T. Quan, and J. J. Voorhees, Skin aging from the perspective of dermal fibroblasts: the interplay between the adaptation to the extracellular matrix microenvironment and cell autonomous processes, J. Cell Commun. Signal., 17(3), 523 (2023).
  2. J. H. Choo, H. G. Lee, S. Y. Lee, and N. G. Kang, Iris pallida extract alleviates cortisol-induced decrease in type 1 collagen and hyaluronic acid syntheses in human skin cells, Curr. Issues Mol. Biol., 45(1), 353 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45010025
  3. R. Stern and H. I. Maibach, Hyaluronan in skin: aspects of aging and its pharmacologic modulation, Clin. Dermatol., 26(2), 106 (2008).
  4. K. Findley and E. A. Grice, The skin microbiome: a focus on pathogens and their association with skin disease, PLoS Pathog., 10(11), e1004436 (2014).
  5. T. Nakatsuji, T. H. Chen, A. M. Two, K. A. Chun, S. Narala, R. S. Geha, T. R. Hata, and R. L. Gallo, Staphylococcus aureus exploits epidermal barrier defects in atopic dermatitis to trigger cytokine expression, J. Invest. Dermatol., 136(11), 2192 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.127
  6. M. S. Linz, A. Mattappallil, D. Finkel, and D. Parker, Clinical impact of Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections, Antibiotics (Basel), 12(3), 557 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030557
  7. C. M. Ahle, K. Stødkilde, A. Poehlein, M. Bömeke, W. R. Streit, H. Wenck, J. H. Reuter, J. Hüpeden, and H. Brüggemann, Interference and co-existence of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes within the hea lthy huma n skin microbiome, Commun. Biol., 5, 923 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03897-6
  8. H. S. Lee, H. M. Lee, a nd H. Y. Kim, Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum callus extract on anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, and alleviation of keratinocyte damage caused by S. aureus, J. Soc. Cosmet. Sci. Korea, 47(2), 99 (2021).
  9. S. Fitz-Gibbon, S. Tomida, B. H. Chiu, L. Nguyen, C. Du, M. Liu, D. Elashoff, M. C. Erfe, A. Loncaric, J. Kim, R. L. Modlin, J. F. Miller, E. Sodergren, N. Craft, G. M. Weinstock, and H. Li, Propionibacterium acnes strain populations in the human skin microbiome associated with acne, J. Invest. Dermatol., 133(9), 2152 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.21
  10. T. Fujii, T. Tochio, and A. Endo, Ribotype-dependent growth inhibition and promotion by erythritol in Cutibacterium acnes, J. Cosmet. Dermatol., 21(10), 5049 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.v21.10
  11. Y. Yu, J. Cha mper, G. W. Aga k, S. Ka o, R. L. Modlin, and J. Kim, Different Propionibacterium acnes phylotypes induce distinct immune responses and express unique surface and secreted proteomes, J. Invest. Dermatol., 136(11), 2221 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.615
  12. J. N. Sha rma , A. Al-Omra n, a nd S. S. Pa rva thy, Role of nitric oxide in inflammatory disease, Inflammopharmacology, 15(6), 252 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-007-0013-x
  13. T. Lawrence, D. A. Willoughby, and D. W. Gilroy, Anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and insights into the resolution of inflammation, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 2(10), 787 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/nri915
  14. S. N. Bains, P. Nash, and L. Fonacier, Irritant contact dermatitis, Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol., 56(1), 99 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-018-8713-0
  15. J. E. Park, M. J. Abrams, P. A. Efron, and A. Barbul, Excessive nitric oxide impairs wound collagen accumulation, J. Surg. Res., 183(1), 487 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2012.11.056
  16. L. H. Kircik, Evolving concepts in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, J. Drugs Dermatol., 13(6), s56 (2014).
  17. L. T. Smith, K. A. Holbrook, and J. A. Madri, Collagen types I, III, and V in human embryonic and fetal skin, Am. J. Anat., 175(4), 507 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.v175:4
  18. S. González, S. Dierckx, J. L. Mullor, R. Nergiz-Unal, M. Merino, and M. Patrizi, Collagen peptides affect collagen synthesis and the expression of collagen, elastin, and versican genes in cultured human dermal fibroblasts, Front. Med., 11, 1397517 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1397517
  19. J. D. Pa rk, D. K. Rhee, a nd Y. H. Lee, Biologica l a ctivities a nd chemistry of sa ponins from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Phytochem Rev., 4, 159 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-005-2835-8
  20. S. M. Lee, J. Lee, I. H. Cho, H. J. Kim, S. W. Lee, Y. O. Kim, a nd S. Lee, Ginsenoside Rg12, a new da mma ra netype triterpene saponin from Panax ginseng root, J. Ginseng Res., 41(4), 531 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.10.002
  21. S. Kang and H. Min, Ginseng, the "immunity boost": The effects of Panax ginseng on immune system, J. Ginseng Res., 36(4), 354 (2012).
  22. T. Tian, C. N. Ko, W. Luo, D. Li, and C. Yang, The anti-aging mechanism of ginsenosides with medicine and food homology, Food Funct., 14(20), 9123 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1039/D3FO02580B
  23. W. Chen, P. Balan, and D. G. Popovich, Analysis of ginsenoside content (Panax ginseng) from different regions, Molecules, 24(19), 3491 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193491
  24. C. H. Lee a nd J. H. Kim, A review on the medicina l potentials of ginseng and ginsenosides on cardiovascular diseases, J. Ginseng Res., 38(3), 161 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2014.03.001
  25. K. W. Leung and A. S. Wong, Pharmacology of ginsenosides: a literature review, Chin. Med., 5, 20 (2010).
  26. Y. J. Kim, N. Yamabe, P. Choi, J. W. Lee, J. Ham, and K. S. Kang, Efficient thermal deglycosylation of ginsenoside Rd and its contribution to the improved anticancer activity of ginseng, J. Agric. Food Chem., 61(38), 9185 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/jf402774d
  27. S. S. Roh, G. J. Lee, B. Kim, B. K. Hwang, H. Kim, Y. H. Cha ng, J. K. Yoo, a nd Y. Ju, Ana lysis of chemica l components for aerial and underground parts of wild ginseng and evaluation of skin anti-aging efficacy, Korea J. Herbol., 38(5), 85 (2023).
  28. C. Y. Liu, R. X. Zhou, C. K. Sun, Y. H. Jin, H. S. Yu, T. Y. Zhang, L. Q. Xu, and F. X. Jin, Preparation of minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K from American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848, J. Ginseng Res., 39(3), 221 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2014.12.003
  29. M. Diao, Y. Chen, L. Meng, J. Li, and N. Xie, Biotransformation approach to produce rare ginsenosides F1, compound Mc1, and Rd2 from major ginsenosides, Arch. Microbiol., 206(4), 176 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-024-03893-w
  30. D. Kim, S. Ka ng, S. H. Jun, a nd N. G. Ka ng, Ginsenosides C-Mc1 and C-O unique to wild ginseng: Novel senotherapeutic agents to regulate cellular senescence, Nat. Prod. Commun., 20(4), 1934578X251338519 (2025).
  31. S. H. Hong, H. J. Hwang, J. W. Kim, J. A. Kim, Y. B. Lee, E. Roh, K. M. Choi, S. H. Ba ik, a nd H. J. Yoo, Ginsenoside compound-Mc1 attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes through an AMP-activated protein kinase–dependent mechanism, J. Ginseng Res., 44(4), 664 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.08.006
  32. E. Roh, H. J. Hwa ng, J. W. Kim, S. H. Hong, J. A. Kim, Y. B. Lee, K. M. Choi, S. H. Baik, and H. J. Yoo, Ginsenoside Mc1 improves liver steatosis and insulin resistance by attenuating ER stress, J. Ethnopharmacol., 259, 112927 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112927
  33. H. Li, W. Cui, T. Tang, and B. Dai, Ginsenoside-MC1 alleviates stroke by modulating AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in a rat model, Physiol. Res., 73(4), 553 (2024). https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres
  34. S. N. Kłodzińska, P. A. Priemel, T. Rades, and H. M. Nielsen, Combining diagnostic methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing - A comparative approach, J. Microbiol. Methods, 144, 177 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2017.11.010
  35. D. Bonamonte, A. De Marco, R. Giuffrida, C. Conforti, C. Barlusconi, C. Foti, and P. Romita, Topical antibiotics in the dermatological clinical practice: Indications, efficacy, and adverse effects, Dermatol. Ther., 33(6), e13824 (2020).
  36. B. C. Jang, J. H. Paik, S. P. Kim, D. H. Shin, D. K. Song, J. G. Park, M. H. Suh, J. W. Park, and S. I. Suh, Catalase induced expression of inflammatory mediators via activation of NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, p70S6K, and JNKs in BV2 microglia, Cell. Signal., 17(5), 625 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.10.001
  37. O. Bar and S. Valiukevičienė, Skin aging and type I collagen: a systematic review of interventions with potential collagen-related effects, Cosmetics, 12(4), 129 (2025).