DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy, with focus on technique and practical tips

  • Chi-Ying Yang (Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University) ;
  • Wen-Hsin Huang (Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University) ;
  • Hsing-Hung Cheng (Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University)
  • 투고 : 2024.07.31
  • 심사 : 2024.11.24
  • 발행 : 2025.03.30

초록

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a condition characterized by a mechanical obstruction of the stomach or duodenum, caused by either benign or malignant disease. Traditionally, surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) has been the standard treatment for malignant GOO and endoscopic stenting (ES) offers a less invasive option, but it often requires repeat interventions. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE), an innovative technique, has been applied as an alternative to SGJ and ES for GOO patients. Direct EUS-GE, device-associated EUS-GE, and EUS-guided double balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass are the most commonly used techniques with reported technical success rates ranging from 80% to 100%, and clinical success rates between 68% and 100%. Adverse event (AE) rates range from 0% to 28.2% and the stent misdeployment is the most common while other AEs include abdominal pain, bleeding, infection, peritonitis, bowel perforation, gastric leakage, and stent migration. It is clear that EUS-GE may achieve a similar clinical success to SGJ with fewer AEs and a shorter hospital stay. Compared to ES, EUS-GE showed higher clinical success, fewer stent obstructions, and lower reintervention rates.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Green ST, Drury JK, McCallion J, et al. Carcinoid tumor presenting as recurrent gastric outlet obstruction: a case of long-term survival. Scott Med J 1987;32:54–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/003693308703200212
  2. Shone DN, Nikoomanesh P, Smith-Meek MM, et al. Malignancy is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in the era of H2 blockers. Am J Gastroenterol 1995;90:1769–1770.
  3. Papanikolaou IS, Siersema PD. Gastric outlet obstruction: current status and future directions. Gut Liver 2022;16:667–675. https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl210327
  4. Ly J, O'Grady G, Mittal A, et al. A systematic review of methods to palliate malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Surg Endosc 2010;24:290–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-009-0577-1
  5. Khamar J, Lee Y, Sachdeva A, et al. Gastrojejunostomy versus endoscopic stenting for the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 2023;37:4834–4868. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-022-09572-5
  6. Fritscher-Ravens A, Mosse CA, Mills TN, et al. A through-the-scope device for suturing and tissue approximation under EUS control. Gastrointest Endosc 2002;56:737–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(02)70130-2
  7. Binmoeller KF, Shah J. A novel lumen-apposing stent for transluminal drainage of nonadherent extraintestinal fluid collections. Endoscopy 2011;43:337–342. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1256127
  8. Jang DK, Lee DW, Kim SH, et al. Advances in self-expandable metal stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided interventions. Clin Endosc 2024;57:588–594. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.169
  9. van der Merwe SW, van Wanrooij RL, Bronswijk M, et al. Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guideline. Endoscopy 2022;54:185–205. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1717-1391
  10. Shiomi H, Sakai A, Nakano R, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for afferent loop syndrome. Clin Endosc 2021;54:810–817. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2021.234
  11. Nutahara D, Nagai K, Sofuni A, et al. Morphological study of the gastrointestinal tract around the ligament of Treitz using upper gastrointestinal radiography: fundamental data for EUS-guided gastrojejunostomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2021;28:1023–1029. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.1018
  12. Church JM. Warm water irrigation for dealing with spasm during colonoscopy: simple, inexpensive, and effective. Gastrointest Endosc 2002;56:672–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(02)70115-6
  13. Van Dam J, Catalano MF, Ferguson DR, et al. A prospective, double-blind trial of somatostatin analog (octreotide) versus glucagon for the inhibition of small intestinal motility during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Gastrointest Endosc 1995;42:321–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(95)70130-3
  14. Khashab MA, Kumbhari V, Grimm IS, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy: the first U.S. clinical experience (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2015;82:932–938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2015.06.017
  15. Tyberg A, Perez-Miranda M, Sanchez-Ocaña R, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy with a lumen-apposing metal stent: a multicenter, international experience. Endosc Int Open 2016;4:E276–E281. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-101789
  16. Chen YI, James TW, Agarwal A, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy in management of benign gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2018;6:E363–E368. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-123468
  17. Chen YI, Kunda R, Storm AC, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy: a multicenter study comparing the direct and balloon-assisted techniques. Gastrointest Endosc 2018;87:1215–1221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2017.07.030
  18. Kerdsirichairat T, Irani S, Yang J, et al. Durability and long-term outcomes of direct EUS-guided gastroenterostomy using lumen-apposing metal stents for gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2019;7:E144–E150. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0799-9939
  19. James TW, Greenberg S, Grimm IS, et al. EUS-guided gastroenteric anastomosis as a bridge to definitive treatment in benign gastric outlet obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc 2020;91:537–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2019.11.017
  20. Wannhoff A, Ruh N, Meier B, et al. Endoscopic gastrointestinal anastomoses with lumen-apposing metal stents: predictors of technical success. Surg Endosc 2021;35:1997–2004. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-07594-5
  21. Jovani M, Ichkhanian Y, Parsa N, et al. Assessment of the learning curve for EUS-guided gastroenterostomy for a single operator. Gastrointest Endosc 2021;93:1088–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.09.041
  22. Bejjani M, Ghandour B, Subtil JC, et al. Clinical and technical outcomes of patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using 20-mm vs. 15-mm lumen-apposing metal stents. Endoscopy 2022;54:680–687. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1654-6914
  23. Monino L, Perez-Cuadrado-Robles E, Gonzalez JM, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy with lumen-apposing metal stents: a retrospective multicentric comparison of wireless and over-the-wire techniques. Endoscopy 2023;55:991–999. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2119-7529
  24. On W, Huggett MT, Young A, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound guided gastrojejunostomy in the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction: multi-centre experience from the United Kingdom. Surg Endosc 2023;37:1749–1755. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-022-09692-y
  25. Chen YI, Itoi T, Baron TH, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy is comparable to enteral stenting with fewer re-interventions in malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Surg Endosc 2017;31:2946–2952. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5311-1
  26. Perez-Miranda M, Tyberg A, Poletto D, et al. EUS-guided gastrojejunostomy versus laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy: an international collaborative study. J Clin Gastroenterol 2017;51:896–899. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000000887
  27. Khashab MA, Bukhari M, Baron TH, et al. International multicenter comparative trial of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastroenterostomy versus surgical gastrojejunostomy for the treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2017;5:E275–E281. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-101695
  28. Ge PS, Young JY, Dong W, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy versus enteral stent placement for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Surg Endosc 2019;33:3404–3411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-06636-3
  29. Kastelijn JB, Moons LM, Garcia-Alonso FJ, et al. Patency of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy in the treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2020;8:E1194–E1201. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1214-5659
  30. Mahmoud T, Storm AC, Law RJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy in patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction and ascites. Endosc Int Open 2022;10:E670–E678. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1797-9318
  31. Sobani ZA, Paleti S, Rustagi T. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using large-diameter (20 mm) lumen apposing metal stent (LLAMS). Endosc Int Open 2021;9:E895–E900. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1399-8442
  32. van Wanrooij RL, Vanella G, Bronswijk M, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus duodenal stenting for malignant gastric outlet obstruction: an international, multicenter, propensity score-matched comparison. Endoscopy 2022;54:1023–1031. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1782-7568
  33. Basha J, Lakhtakia S, Yarlagadda R, et al. Gastric outlet obstruction with ascites: EUS-guided gastro-enterostomy is feasible. Endosc Int Open 2021;9:E1918–E1923. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1642-7892
  34. Nguyen NQ, Hamerski CM, Nett A, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using an oroenteric catheter-assisted technique: a retrospective analysis. Endoscopy 2021;53:1246–1249. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1392-0904
  35. Mangiavillano B, Larghi A, Vargas-Madrigal J, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy using a novel electrocautery lumen apposing metal stent for treatment of gastric outlet obstruction (with video). Dig Liver Dis 2023;55:644–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2023.02.009
  36. Rai P, Kumar P, Goel A, et al. Nasojejunal tube-assisted endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy for the management of gastric outlet obstruction is safe and effective. DEN Open 2023;3:e210. https://doi.org/10.1002/deo2.210
  37. Bronswijk M, Vanella G, van Malenstein H, et al. Laparoscopic versus EUS-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction: an international multicenter propensity score-matched comparison (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2021;94:526–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2021.04.006
  38. Havre RF, Dai C, Roug S, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy with a lumen apposing self-expandable metallic stent relieves gastric outlet obstruction: a Scandinavian case series. Scand J Gastroenterol 2021;56:972–977. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2021.1925338
  39. Sánchez-Aldehuelo R, Subtil Iñigo JC, Martínez Moreno B, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy versus duodenal self-expandable metal stent for malignant gastric outlet obstruction: results from a nationwide multicenter retrospective study (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 2022;96:1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2022.07.018
  40. Fischer H, Rüther K, Abdelhafez M, et al. Technical feasibility and clinical success of direct "free hand" EUS-guided gastroenterostomy in patients with gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2022;10:E1358–E1363. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1907-5393
  41. Choi JH, Kozarek RA, Larsen MC, et al. Effectiveness and safety of lumen-apposing metal stents in endoscopic interventions for off-label indications. Dig Dis Sci 2022;67:2327–2336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-021-07270-1
  42. Perez-Cuadrado-Robles E, Alric H, Aidibi A, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy in malignant gastric outlet obstruction: a comparative study between first- and second-line approaches after enteral stent placement. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14:5516. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225516
  43. Garcia-Alonso FJ, Chavarria C, Subtil JC, et al. Prospective multicenter assessment of the impact of EUS-guided gastroenterostomy on patient quality of life in unresectable malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc 2023, 98:28-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2023.02.015
  44. Kahaleh M, Tyberg A, Sameera S, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy: a multicenter international study comparing benign and malignant diseases. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024;58:570-573. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001903
  45. Abbas A, Dolan RD, Bazarbashi AN, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus surgical gastrojejunostomy for the palliation of gastric outlet obstruction in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Endoscopy 2022;54:671-679. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1708-0037
  46. Itoi T, Ishii K, Ikeuchi N, et al. Prospective evaluation of endoscopic ultrasonogiaphy-guided double-balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass (EPASS) for malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Gut 2016;65:193-195. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310348
  47. Itoi T, Itokawa F, Uraoka T, et al. Novel EUS-guided gastrojejunostomy technique using a new double-balloon enteric tube and lumen-apposing metal stent (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2013;78934-939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2013.09.025
  48. Itoi T, Ishii K, Tanaka R, et al. Current status and perspective of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastrojejunostomy: endoscopic ultrasonography-guided double-balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2015;22:3-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.148
  49. Xu. G, Shen Y, Lv Y, et al. Safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using double balloon occlusion methods: a clinical retrospective study in 36 patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Endosc Int Open 2020;8:E1690-E1697. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1221-9656
  50. Chan SM, Dhir V, Chan YY, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass, duodenal stent or laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for unresectable malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Dig Endosc 2023;35:512-519. https://doi.org/10.1111/den.14472
  51. Adler DG, Baron TH. Endoscopic palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction using self-expanding metal stents: experience in 36 patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:72-78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05423.x
  52. Vedantam S, Shah R, Bhalla S, et al. No difference in outcomes with 15 mm vs. 20 mm lumen-apposing metal stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction: a meta-analysis. Clin Endosc 2023;56:298-307. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2022.299
  53. Iqbal U, Khara HS, Hu Y, et al. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy for the management of gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endosc Ultrasound 2020;9:16-23. https://doi.org/10.4103/eus.eus_70_19
  54. Ribas PH, De Moura DT, Proença IM, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for the palliation of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO): a systematic review and meta-analysis of the different techniques. Cureus 2022;14:e31526. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.31526
  55. Conti Bellocchi MC, Gasparini E, Stigliano S, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus enteral stenting for malignant gastric outlet obstruction: a retrospective propensity score-matched study. Cancers (Basel) 2024;16:724. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040724
  56. Asghar M, Forcione D, Puli SR. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus enteral stenting for gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024;17:17562848241248219. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848241248219
  57. Kouanda A, Binmoeller K, Hamerski C. et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus open surgical gastrojejunostomy: clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness analysis. Surg Endosc 2021;35:7058-7067. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-08221-z
  58. Canakis A, Bomman S, Lee DU, et al. Benefits of EUS-guided gastroenterostomy over surgical gastrojejunostomy in the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction: a large multicenter experience. Gastrointest Endosc 2023;98:348-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2023.03.022
  59. Giri S, Harindranath S, Mohan BP, et al. Adverse events with endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. United European Gastroenterol J 2024;12:879-890. https://doi.org/10.1002/ueg2.12576
  60. Ghandour B, Bejjani M, Irani SS, et al. Classification, outcomes, and management of misdeployed stents during EUS-guided gastroenterostomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2022;95:80-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2021.07.023
  61. Kuo YT, Wang HP. A tent-like sign during endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy: an indication of a misdeployed stent in the peritoneum. Endoscopy 2023;55(S01):E934-E935. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2106-1544
  62. Tyberg A, Kats D, Choi A, et al. Endoscopic ultrasoundguided gastroenterostomy: what is the learning curve? J Clin Gastroenterol 2021;55:691-693. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001400