Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering (산업경영시스템학회지)

Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering (한국산업경영시스템학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Comparative Study on Training Performance According to Personality Types of Work-Learning Dual Program Apprentices

일학습병행 학습근로자의 성격유형에 따른 훈련 성취도 비교 연구

  • Jong Hun Park (Department of Business Administration, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 박종훈 (대구가톨릭대학교 경영학과)
  • Received : 2025.11.09
  • Accepted : 2025.12.12
  • Published : 2025.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study verified the moderating effects of personality types (Ego-States) on the relationship between Training Attitude (TA), Training Environment (TE), and Training Performance (TP) among Work-Learning Dual program apprentices. Drawing from Transactional Analysis, personality types were classified into five Ego-States: Critical Parent (CP), Nurturing Parent (NP), Adult (A), Free Child (FC), and Adapted Child (AC). An analysis of 354 apprentices revealed significant differences in TP scores. The FC and A types demonstrated the highest performance (mean scores of 4.11 and 4.05 out of 5, respectively), whereas the CP and NP types recorded lower scores (3.25 and 3.30, respectively). Regarding the moderating effects, TA was found to have a significant effect on TP at the 5% significance level, and the interaction term between TA and personality type also showed a significant effect on TP at the 5% level. Consequently, personality type was identified as a quasi-moderator for TA. Specifically, the positive effect of TA was weakened for the AC type but strengthened for the FC type. In the case of TE, the analysis indicated no significant direct effect on TP at the 5% significance level. However, the interaction term between TE and personality type significantly influenced TP at the 5% level, thereby confirming personality type as a pure moderator for TE. This significant impact was observed specifically for the A and AC types. These findings demonstrate that the pathway to high training performance is not uniform. The results strongly suggest the need for differentiated training management and instructional design tailored to the specific personality profiles of apprentices to maximize program effectiveness.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by research grants from Daegu Catholic University in 2022.

References

  1. Abell, R., Owin your own life, New York: David Macay Co., 1979.
  2. Ahn, S., Structural Relationships between Perceived Organizational Support, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions of Learning Workers in Dual Apprenticeship System: The Moderating Effect of Job Crafting, Ordo Economics Journal, 2021, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 67-84. https://doi.org/10.20436/OEJ.24.2.067
  3. Ahn, S.-H., Structural Relationship between Learning Environment, Learning Engagement and Knowledge Transfer in the Dual Apprenticeship System: The Mediating Effect of Apprentices' Knowledge Integration, Korean Review of Corporation Management, 2023, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 117-134. https://doi.org/10.20434/KRICM.2023.05.14.2.117
  4. An, M.-Y., The Mediating Effect of Positive Stroke in the Relationship Between Ego-State and School Adjustment Based on the Theory of Transactional Analysis [master's thesis], [Incheon, Korea]: Gyeongin National University of Education, 2014.
  5. Berne Eric., Transnational analysis in psychotherapy: a systematic individual and social psychiatry, Syracuse, N.Y. : Castle Books, 1961.
  6. Choi, K.H., The profile analysis of occupation types based on transnational analysis ego-state theory [dissertation], [Gimhae, Korea]: Inje University, 2015.
  7. Chol, C.H., A Study on the Relationship between the Personal Ego State and Job Attitude, [master's thesis], [Seoul, Korea]: Hanyang University, 2011.
  8. Han, S.-J., Park, S.-Y. and Lee, D.-H., The Effect of Personality Types of Work-Learning Dual Program Workers on Training Achievement, Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2024, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 107-115. https://doi.org/10.11627/jkise.
  9. Heo, K.C. and Kim, Y.H., A Study on the Effectiveness of School Education: Focusing on the Formation of Attitudes and Values Required in a Democratic Civil Society, Seoul, Korea: Korea Educational Development Institute, 1998.
  10. HRDK, Korea dusl program operation manual, 2023.
  11. https://egokgram.ktaca.online/shop/plist.php.
  12. Jeon, S.J., Jeon, S.H., Jo, H.J., and Ha, J.M., Analysis of the Differences in the Characteristics between Apprentices who have completed work-study course or not, The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 2020, Vol. 20, No. 10, pp. 285-303. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.
  13. Jeon, S.-J., Jo, H.-J., and Park, J.-M., The Structural Relationship among Participants' Social Support, Participative Motivation, Career Decision-making Self-efficacy, Satisfaction of VET Program: Focusing on Participants who Completed Work-Learning Dual Program, Journal of Skills and Qualifications, 2022, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 75-106. https://doi.org/10.35125/jsq.2022.11.1.075
  14. Jeon, S.-Y., The Influence of Character of Adult Learners and Educational Institution on Participati on in Lifelong Education: Mediator Effect of Parti cipation Motivation and Learning Satisfaction [dissertation], [Busan, Korea]: Dong-A University, 2013.
  15. Jo, E.H., The effects of learner's personality traits on stress and academic achievement [dissertation], [Daejeon, Korea]: Hanbat National University, 2018.
  16. Jung, J.S., Education Program Evaluation, Seoul: Education Science History, 2004.
  17. Kang, K. and Ahn, S.-H., An Exploratory Study on the Attitudes and Roles of Learning Workers for Enhancing Training Outcomes in Dual Vocational Education and Training, Koreanische Zeitschrift fuer Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 2025, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 37-57. https://doi.org/10.18237/KDGW.2025.43.1.037
  18. Kang, K.J., Kim, J.W., Park, C.S., Hwang, S.S., Jung, S.H., Lee, H.B., and Kim, K.Y., Economic and social effects of the work-learning dual system, KRIVET, 2014.
  19. Kang, W. and Kim, W., Structural Relationships between Education and Training Satisfaction at Work and Learning Dual System Apprenticeships in Korea, Work Engagement, and Turnover Intention, Journal of Competency Development & Learning, 2019, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 53-86. https://doi.org/10.21329/khrd.
  20. Kim, A., A Study on Learning Outcome Perceived by Adult Learners University Continuing Education Institutions [dissertation], [Yongin, Korea]: Dankook University, 2004.
  21. Kim, D. and Lim, S., The Relationships of Trainer's Ability to Implement On-the Job Training, Trainee's Program Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, and Affective Organizational Commitment in Korean Work-Learning Dual System: The Conditional Process Analysis by the Extent to which Trainee was Well-Informed of the Program, Journal of Education & Culture, 2020, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 565-595.
  22. Kim, E.Y., An Effect of the lifelong learning participation motivation and perception on learning outcome of Women Center's learmers on percieived quality of life [dissertation], [Yongin, Korea]: Dankook University, 2015.
  23. Kim, Y.A., Relationship between the self-status of middle school students, life attitudes, and satisfaction with human relationships shown in this program [master's thesis], [Seoul, Korea]: Hanyang University, 2002.
  24. Kim, Y.A., The Relationship among Middle School Students' Ego States, Life Attitudes, and Interpersonal Relationship Satisfaction as Measured by the Egogram [master's thesis], [Seoul, Korea]: Hanyang University, 2003.
  25. Korean Transactional Analysis Counseling Association, TA Counseling Theory and Practice II, Anyang: Academia., 2012.
  26. Kwon, S.A., An Influence of Personality Type in Egogram and Psychological Hardiness on Job Satisfaction and Psychological Stability. [master's thesis], [Seoul, Korea]: Hanyang University, 2003.
  27. Lee, S.H., characteristics of adult learner upon the learning outcome of lifelong education program in the cultural center [dissertation], [Iksan, Korea]: Wonkwang University, 2015.
  28. Oh, W.-H., How work and learn combination of small and medium industry employee effect on job improvement [master's thesis], [Youngju, Korea]: Dongyang University, 2016.
  29. Park, C.-J. and Yoon, G.-S.. The Influence of Social and Economic Factors in Factors affecting students' intention to dropout in long term apprenticeship in Korea, Korean Review of Corporation Management, 2019, Vol. 10, No.4, pp. 213-230. https://doi.org/10.20434/KRICM.2019.12.10.4.213
  30. Park, S.H., A Structural Equation Model on Effect Factors Related to Participation of the Lifelong Learning in the Alienated Class with Higher Education, Journal of Lifelong Education, 2011, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 65-92.
  31. Ro, Y.-S. and Song, S.-H., Influence of Adult Learning Characteristics and Lifelong Learning Participation Motivation on Learning Outcomes: Mediating Effect of Wisdom, The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 2019, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 389-403.
  32. Sharma, S., Durand, R.M., Gur-Arie, O., Identification and analysis of moderator variables, Journal of Marketing Research, 1981, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 291-300. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800303
  33. Shin, K.S. and Kang, M.J.. A Study on the Effect of Education and Training Satisfaction for Employee's Participation of Korean Type Dual System Enterprises on Organization Effectiveness, Journal of Business Convergence, 2023, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 83-90. https://doi.org/10.31152/JB.2023.02.8.1.83
  34. Shin, S.K. and Park, Y. The Effect of Stroke Program based on Transactional Analysis on Pre-Service Early Childhood Teacher's Stress and Self-Esteem about Teaching Practices, Early Childhood Education Research & Review, 2014, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 137-156.
  35. Woo, J.H., Transactional Analysis (TA) Program, Daegu: Jeongamseowon, 1999.
  36. Woo, J.J. and Lee, E.-T., Keyword Network Analysis of Domestic Research Trends on the Journal of the Work-Study Combination in Korea, The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 2022, Vol. 22, No. 17, pp. 635-648. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.