Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research

  • 제13권4호
  • /
  • Pages.271-300
  • /
  • 2024
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  • 2287-3651(pISSN)
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  • 2287-366X(eISSN)
대한백신학회 (The Korean Vaccine Society)
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How does geographical diversity shape vaccine efficacy?

  • Mohammad Abavisani (Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Bahareh Ansari (Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Negar Ebadpour (Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Amirhossein Sahebkar (Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University)
  • 투고 : 2024.04.20
  • 심사 : 2024.06.04
  • 발행 : 2024.10.31
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초록

Vaccination is a cornerstone of public health, saving millions of lives each year by preventing a variety of infectious diseases. Yet, despite global vaccination efforts, emerging research highlights significant geographical disparities in vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity. These variations underscore the critical interplay between immunological factors and environmental, genetic, and nutritional elements across different populations. Our review article aimed to explore the multifactorial reasons behind geographical variations in vaccine efficacy. Also, this study has shown how important host factors like age, obesity, gender, and genetic diversity, especially within the major histocompatibility complex, are in determining how well a vaccine works. Nutritional status, namely deficiencies in micronutrients such as vitamins and zinc, and lifestyle factors including stress, sleep, alcohol consumption, and physical activity are also shown to have profound effects on vaccine-induced immunity. Importantly, our paper also brought to light the influence of microbial and ecological factors, such as the gut microbiome and environmental pollutants, on the immune system's response to vaccination. The findings emphasize the importance of tailoring vaccination strategies to accommodate the unique immunological landscapes shaped by geographical and societal factors. This tailored approach could enhance vaccine efficacy, reduce disparities in vaccine response, and ultimately contribute to the global fight against infectious diseases.

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참고문헌

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