Clinical Nutrition Research

The Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition (한국임상영양학회)
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Calcium Intake and the Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

  • Alireza Bahrami (Student Research Committee, Department and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Milad Mohammadzadeh (Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Fatemeh Abdi (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Amin Paydareh (Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Saman Khalesi (Appleton Institute and School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University) ;
  • Ehsan Hejazi (Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences)
  • Received : 2024.05.24
  • Accepted : 2024.09.12
  • Published : 2024.10.30
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Abstract

Calcium plays a major role in apoptosis, cell proliferation, and various cellular mechanisms. It is also essential for the function of the pancreas. However, the association between calcium intake and pancreatic cancer is not clear. This study aims to clarify the links between calcium intake and pancreatic cancer risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles published through 31 August 2023. Case-control and cohort studies reporting the association between dietary and/or supplemental calcium intake and risk of pancreatic cancer using relative risk (RR), hazard ratio (HR), or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were included. Meta-analysis using a random effect model was used to estimate the significance of the association. Eight studies were included. An inverse association between total calcium intake (dietary and supplement) and pancreatic cancer risk (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97; I2 = 0%) was observed. However, the association between dietary calcium intake alone and pancreatic cancer risk did not reach a statistically significant level (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.78-1.06; I2 = 48%). Higher total calcium intake may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer but the difference between sources of calcium (dietary vs. supplementation) requires further investigation. Also, due to the heterogeneity between the articles, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution.

Keywords

References

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