Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology (한국항행학회논문지)

The Korean Navigation Institute (한국항행학회)
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Design of a Polarization-Switching Patch Antenna Using Parasitic Elements

기생소자를 이용한 편파 전환 패치 안테나 설계

  • Won Jun Lee (Communication R&D Center, DANAM Systems)
  • 이원준 (단암시스템즈 통신기술연구소)
  • Received : 2024.09.30
  • Accepted : 2024.10.29
  • Published : 2024.10.31
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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a microstrip patch antenna with polarization-switching characteristics using parasitic elements and PIN diodes placed at the sides of the microstrip patch. The proposed antenna is designed by arranging four linear parasitic elements along the sides of a square-shaped microstrip patch, with each parasitic element connected to a PIN diode. By utilizing the open and short circuit characteristics of the PIN diodes based on the applied bias, the electrical length of the parasitic element slots is altered, enabling polarization switching between right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP). The proposed antenna resonates at 4.21 GHz, with a return loss of 17.5 dB and a bandwidth of 135 MHz when operating in RHCP mode, and a return loss of 18.4 dB and a bandwidth of 144 MHz when operating in LHCP mode. Additionally, the axial ratios for RHCP and LHCP are 2.53 dB and 2.52 dB, respectively, and the gains are 6.62 dBic and 6.32 dBic, respectively.

본 논문에서는 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나의 패치면 측면에 배치된 기생 소자와 PIN 다이오드를 이용하여 편파 전환 특성을 가지는 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나를 제안한다. 제안된 안테나는 정사각형 구조의 마이크로스트립 패치면 측면에 일자형 기생 소자 4개를 배치하고, 각 기생 소자에 PIN 다이오드를 연결하여 설계하였다. PIN 다이오드의 바이어스에 따른 개방 및 단락 특성을 활용하여 기생 소자의 슬롯의 전기적 길이를 변화시키며, 이를 통해 우현편파(RHCP)와 좌현편파(LHCP) 간의 편파 전환 특성을 구현하였다. 제안된 안테나는 4.21 GHz에서 공진하며, 우현편파로 동작 시 17.5 dB의 반사 손실과 135 MHz의 대역폭을, 좌현편파로 동작 시 18.4 dB의 반사 손실과 144 MHz의 대역폭을 가진다. 또한, 우현편파와 좌현편파의 축비는 각각 2.53 dB, 2.52 dB이며, 이득은 각각 6.62 dBic, 6.32 dBic이다.

Keywords

References

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