Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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A study on the causal analysis and reduction measures of blue-green algae using the EFDC model

EFDC 모델을 이용한 남조류 발생 원인 분석 및 저감 방안 연구

  • Received : 2024.09.23
  • Accepted : 2024.10.21
  • Published : 2024.10.31
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Abstract

In this study, a comprehensive review of hydraulics and water quality was conducted to analyze the cause of algal bloom in the Sueo Dam, which is currently operating by connecting a waterway tunnel from another water system(Seomjin River→Sueo Dam) in order to resolve the problem of water supply shortage, after the 2021 algae warning level was issued. It was analyzed that the period when the number of blue-green algae cells increased rapidly in the Sueo Dam was when the water temperature was above 26℃, and it was closely related to the increase in the concentration of T-P in Sueo Dam when the inflow through the waterway tunnel increased rather than the inflow into the watershed itself. The analysis using the EFDC+ lake model identified water temperature as the primary growth-limiting factor for blue-green algae from November to April(when temperatures are below 20℃), while phosphorus was determined to be the limiting factor during the months of June to October, when algal cell counts increase. In addition, as a result of a comparative analysis of the period of increase in the number of blue-green algae cells in 2021 and 2022, it was analyzed that blue-green algae can grow rapidly when the water age is more than 30 days and the T-P concentration is more than 0.025 mg/L. The application of the EFDC+ model confirmed that reducing surface water age through changes in the dam's water intake levels contributes to decreased blue-green algae growth. Based on these findings, it is expected that developing operational strategies tailored to the specific characteristics and purposes of the dam will help mitigate algae occurrences and improve water quality management.

본 연구에서는 용수공급량의 부족을 해결하기 위해 타 수계(섬진강 본류)에서 도수로(섬진강→수어댐)를 연결하여 운영 중인 수어댐을 대상으로 2021년 조류경보제의 경계단계가 발생함에 따라 조류 발생의 원인을 분석하기위해 수리 및 수질에 대한 복합적인 검토를 수행하였다. 수어댐의 남조류 세포수는 수온이 26℃ 이상일 때 급증하였으며, 자체 유역 유입보다 도수로를 통한 다압(취)의 유입량 증가시 호내 총 인의 농도가 증가한 것과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 호소모델(EFDC+)을 활용한 분석에서는 남조류의 성장제한 인자(수온, 질소, 인, 광량) 중 수온이 20℃ 이하인 11~4월에서 가장 큰 성장 제한 인자임을 확인하였고, 남조류 세포수가 증가하는 6~10월은 인이 제한 인자인 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 2021년과 2022년의 남조류 세포수 증가 시기를 비교 분석한 결과, water Age가 30일 이상이고, 총 인 농도가 0.025 mg/L 이상인 시기에 표층에서 남조류가 급성장할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 호소모델(EFDC+)을 적용하여 댐 취수위 변경에 따른 표층의 water age 감소가 남조류 성장을 감소시키는데 기여한다는 사실을 확인하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 댐의 특성과 목적에 맞춘 운영 방안을 마련함으로써 호내 녹조발생을 저감하고 수질 관리에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 K-water의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다(Kwater-C5202321322).

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