Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Effect of precursor amino acids for carnosine synthesis on breast fiber microstructures and myofiber differentiation-related gene expression in slow-growing chicken

  • Cindy Riou (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) ;
  • Panpradub Sinpru (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) ;
  • Chanadda Suwanvichanee (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) ;
  • Boonyarit Kamkrathok (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) ;
  • Chalermluck Phoovasawat (Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization)) ;
  • Catleya Rojviriya (Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization)) ;
  • Wittawat Molee (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology) ;
  • Amonrat Molee (School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology)
  • Received : 2024.01.08
  • Accepted : 2024.05.01
  • Published : 2024.11.01
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Abstract

Objective: The effects of carnosine synthesis on the structural and microstructural determinants of meat quality have not been studied to date. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with carnosine synthesis precursors on the characteristics and microstructure of breast muscle fibers in slow-growing Korat chickens (KR). Methods: Slow-growing KR were fed a non-supplemented commercial diet (control group) or a commercial diet supplemented with 1.0% β-alanine, 0.5% L-histidine, or a combination of both 1.0% β-alanine and 0.5% L-histidine. At 10 weeks, KR were slaughtered, and the breast muscle was collected. Samples were fixed and extracted to study the microstructure, fat level, and porosity of the meat using X-ray and scanning electron microscopy, and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the expression of genes related to myofiber differentiation. Results: L-histidine supplementation significantly altered myofiber diameter and muscle fiber density and compactness by regulating muscle fiber-type differentiation via carnosine synthase (CARNS1) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C expression, as well as myogenic differentiation antigen and myogenic regulatory factor 5 expression. While excess L-histidine potentially stimulated CARNS1 to modify muscle fiber arrangement and tenderness in breast meat, dietary β-alanine supplementation alone or in combination with L-histidine supplementation induced a relatively less remarkable but not significant (p<0.05) effect on the breast meat characteristics studied. Conclusion: Interestingly, the combination of β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation had no effect on meat microstructure, meat porosity, and fat content in comparison with the control group. Thus, this combination had the best selectivity for improving meat quality. However, further studies are required to clarify the effects of carnosine levels on meat processing.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank Suranaree University of Technology for providing a full-time doctoral researcher grant. We would like to thank the Center of Excellence on Technology and Innovation for Korat Chicken Business Development for supporting this study and providing the experimental animals. We would also like to thank Beamline 1.2W: X-ray tomographic microscope at Siam Photon Laboratory, Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand for facilitating the analyses.

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