Journal of Digestive Cancer Research

Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Cancer Research (대한소화기암연구학회)
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Dietary Calcium Intake and Colorectal Adenoma in Men and Women with Low Calcium Intake

  • Jioh Kang (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Sang Hoon Kim (Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital) ;
  • Joowon Chung (Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Dong Hyun Kim (Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Min Kyu Jung (Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital) ;
  • Seun Ja Park (Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hoon Jai Chun (Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastrointestinal Medical Instrument Research, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yun Jeong Lim (Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hyun Jeong Cho (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jung Eun Lee (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2024.08.09
  • Accepted : 2024.08.15
  • Published : 2024.08.20
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Abstract

Backgrounds/Aims: Calcium is a preventive factor for colorectal cancer, which develops from colorectal adenoma. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary calcium intake and prevalence of colorectal adenoma among Korean adults. Methods: Overall, 612 participants aged ≥ 20 years who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy at 8 medical centers from 2021 to 2023 were included. Dietary calcium intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and was energy-adjusted using the residual model. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate for the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The associations between dietary calcium intake and colorectal adenoma prevalence were also assessed according to the anatomic subsites and adenoma status (advanced or nonadvanced). Results: Among the 612 participants, 269 were diagnosed with colorectal adenoma (170 men and 99 women). With respect to the gender-specific association, low dietary calcium intake was associated with higher prevalence of colorectal adenoma among men (ORs [95% CIs]: 2.13 [0.50-9.00] for < 250 mg/day; 3.53 [1.06-11.76], 250 to < 350 mg/day; and 1.84 [0.63-5.35], 350 to < 650 mg/day, compared to ≥ 650 mg/day of dietary calcium [p for trend = 0.07]). Similar association was observed among women, but neither the association nor trend was statistically significant (p for trend = 0.59). These inverse associations remained similar for distal colon/rectal adenoma among women and advanced adenoma among men. Conclusions: Low dietary calcium intake was associated with high colorectal adenoma prevalence, particularly among men. Given the limited number of studies among Asian populations, our findings should be replicated in other Asian groups.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank all the participants who took part in this study.

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