말소리와 음성과학 (Phonetics and Speech Sciences)

  • 제16권3호
  • /
  • Pages.25-31
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 2005-8063(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2586-5854(eISSN)
한국음성학회 (Korean Society of Speech Sciences)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of number of letters on second language sound length

  • 투고 : 2024.08.03
  • 심사 : 2024.09.10
  • 발행 : 2024.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The present study replicated and extended a previous research investigating whether orthographic forms, such as a single letter or a digraph representing the same sound, affect sound duration in L2 production. Results of a previous study (Han et al., 2024) showed that Korean learners produced the same English vowel with a short duration when spelled with a single letter and a long duration when spelled with digraphs. This variation in duration did not appear when producing English consonants with various spellings. However, these results may be attributable to the task type, namely the delayed repetition task, which might have prevented direct imitation from sensory memory. To test whether the overt presentation of letters shows orthographic effects for consonants as well as vowels, this study employed a read-aloud task. This study further examined whether individual differences in proficiency, measured by vocabulary size, influenced the magnitude of orthographic effects in the production of English vowels by Korean learners. The present results replicated those from the delayed repetition task, suggesting that the orthographic effects shown in previous research were not attributable to the task type employed to evaluate L2 production. We also found that individual differences in vocabulary size are not strongly related to the influence of orthography on vowel production.

키워드

과제정보

We thank Tae-Hwan Choi for constructing experimental stimuli, and Sujin Kim for subject running.

참고문헌

  1. Bassetti, B. (2017). Orthography affects second language speech: Double letters and geminate production in English. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(11), 1835-1842.
  2. Bassetti, B., Mairano, P., Masterson, J., & Cerni, T. (2020). Effects of orthographic forms on second language speech production and phonological awareness, with consideration of speaker-level predictors. Language Learning, 70(4), 1218-1256.
  3. Bassetti, B., Sokolovic-Perovic, M., Mairano, P., & Cerni, T. (2018). Orthography-induce length contrasts in the second language phonological systems of L2 speakers of English: Evidence from minimal pairs. Language and Speech, 61(4), 577-597.
  4. Best, C. T., & Tyler, M. D. (2007). Nonnative and second-language speech perception: Commonalities and complementarities. In O. S. Bohn, & M. J. Munro (Eds.), Language experience in second language speech learning: In honor of James Emil Flege (pp. 13-34). Amsterdam, Netherland: Benjamins.
  5. Bi, Y., Xu, Y., & Caramazza, A. (2009). Orthographic and phonological effects in the picture-word interference paradigm: Evidence from a logographic language. Applied Psycholinguistics, 30(4), 637-658.
  6. Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2016). Praat: Doing phonetics by computer (version 6.0.19) [Computer program]. Retrieved from http://www.praat.org/
  7. Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Best, C. T., Kroos, C., & Tyler, M. D. (2012). Second language learners' vocabulary expansion is associated with improved second language vowel intelligibility. Applied Psycholinguistics, 33(3), 643-664.
  8. Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Best, C. T., & Tyler, M. D. (2011a). Vocabulary size is associated with second-language vowel perception performance in adult learners. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 33(3), 433-461.
  9. Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Best, C. T., & Tyler, M. D. (2011b). Vocabulary size matters: The assimilation of second-language Australian English vowels to first-language Japanese vowel categories. Applied Psycholinguistics, 32(1), 51-67.
  10. Daidone, D., & Darcy, I. (2021). Vocabulary size is a key factor in predicting second language lexical encoding accuracy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 688356.
  11. de Ruiter, L. E., Wen, P., & Chen, S. (2022). The assessment of Chinese children's English vocabulary: A culturally appropriate receptive vocabulary test for young Chinese learners of English. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 769415.
  12. Glushko, R. J. (1979). The organization and activation of orthographic knowledge in reading aloud. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 5(4), 674-691.
  13. Han, J. I., Kim, S. Y., & Kim, J. Y. (2024). Effects of orthographic input and inhibitory control on second-language speech production. Language and Speech, 1-22. [advance online publication]
  14. Kuznetsova, A., Brockhoff, P. B., & Christensen, R. H. B. (2017). lmerTest package: Tests in linear mixed effects models. Journal of Statistical Software, 82(13), 00238309241270737.
  15. Lenth, R. V., Bolker, B., Buerkner, P., Gine-Vazquez, I., Herve, M., Jung, M., Love, J., ... Singmann, H. (2024). Emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means. R package version 1.6.3. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/emmeans/index.html
  16. Llompart, M. (2021). Phonetic categorization ability and vocabulary size contribute to the encoding of difficult second-language phonological contrasts into the lexicon. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 24(3), 481-496.
  17. Nation, I. (2006). How large a vocabulary is needed for reading and listening? The Canadian Modern Language Review, 63(1), 59-82.
  18. Nation, P., & Beglar, D. (2007). A vocabulary size test. The Language Teacher, 31(7), 9-12.
  19. Qu, Q., & Damian, M. F. (2019). Orthographic effects in Mandarin spoken language production. Memory & Cognition, 47(2), 326-334.
  20. R Core Team. (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing (version 4.1.2) [Computer software]. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from https://www.R-project.org/
  21. Roelofs, A. (2006). The influence of spelling on phonological encoding in word reading, object naming, and word generation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13(1), 33-37.
  22. Sokolovic-Perovic, M., Bassetti, B., & Dillon, S. (2020). English orthographic forms affect L2 English speech production in native users of a non-alphabetic writing system. Bilingualism: Languageand Cognition, 23(3), 591-601.
  23. Taylor, I., & Taylor, M. M. (2014). Writing and literacy in Chinese, Korean and Japanese: Revised edition (Vol. 14). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.
  24. Wang, M., Shao, Z., Verdonschot, R. G., Chen, Y., & Schiller, N. O. (2023). Orthography influences spoken word production in blocked cyclic naming. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 30(1), 383-392.