Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Water Quality Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Park Drinking Fountains

공원 음수대의 수질 특성 및 영향인자 연구

  • Sang-jo Kwon (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Eun-ah Kim (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Duk-hee Joh (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Hyo-Jin Lee (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Seung-gyu Jung (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Seung-yeon Cho (Department of Water Environment Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
  • 권상조 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부) ;
  • 김은아 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부) ;
  • 조덕희 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부) ;
  • 이효진 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부) ;
  • 정승규 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부) ;
  • 조승연 (경기도보건환경연구원 물환경연구부)
  • Received : 2024.06.17
  • Accepted : 2024.08.28
  • Published : 2024.09.30
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Abstract

This study investigated water quality characteristics and influencing factors of park drinking fountains having directly piped water systems by analyzing stagnation water (first draw) and water after a 10-minute flush (flushed water). First draws exhibited significant variations in residual chlorine, heavy metals, bacteria, and turbidity, which were largely influenced by usage frequency and external environmental contamination. However, water quality stabilized after flushing. A seasonal analysis indicated that the greatest difference in residual chlorine between first draws and flushed water occurred in spring, followed by that in winter when drinking fountains were discontinued, accompanied by increased zinc concentrations in stagnation water. A comparative analysis of water quality variability by faucet type revealed that push-button faucets exhibited greater variabilities in copper, zinc, and nickel levels than screw-down faucets, likely due to corrosive by-products generated from water hammer effects. Additionally, an analysis based on exterior material indicated that metal fountains experienced higher temperature increases and elevated zinc concentrations in first draws than stone fountains. Regarding installation environments, drinking fountains exposed to direct sunlight or partial shade had higher concentrations of copper, zinc, and nickel in first draws than those installed in constant shade. Overall, these findings suggest that frequent use or flushing can help maintain stable water quality with the exception of push-button faucets.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립환경과학원의 시도보건환경연구원 국고보조사업의 일환으로 진행되었습니다 (NIER-2023-01-03-002).

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