Acknowledgement
The authors would like to express their thanks to Dr. Saowalak Hunnangkul for the statistical consultation and Dr. Mark Simmerman for assistance in editing the English version of this manuscript.
References
- Duffield JA, Hamer PW, Heddle R, et al. Incidence of achalasia in south Australia based on esophageal manometry findings. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:360-365.
- Riccio F, Costantini M, Salvador R. Esophageal achalasia: diagnostic evaluation. World J Surg 2022;46:1516-1521.
- Vaezi MF, Baker ME, Achkar E, et al. Timed barium oesophagram: better predictor of long term success after pneumatic dilation in achalasia than symptom assessment. Gut 2002;50:765-770.
- Eckardt VF, Aignherr C, Bernhard G. Predictors of outcome in patients with achalasia treated by pneumatic dilation. Gastroenterology 1992;103:1732-1738.
- Blonski W, Kumar A, Feldman J, et al. Timed barium swallow: diagnostic role and predictive value in untreated achalasia, esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction, and non-achalasia dysphagia. Am J Gastroenterol 2018;113:196-203.
- SwanstrOm LL. Achalasia: treatment, current status and future advances. Korean J Intern Med 2019;34:1173-1180.
- Vaezi MF, Pandolfino JE, Yadlapati RH, et al. ACG Clinical Guidelines: diagnosis and management of achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol 2020;115:1393-1411.
- Jung HK, Hong SJ, Lee OY, et al. 2019 Seoul consensus on esophageal achalasia guidelines. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020;26:180-203.
- Oude Nijhuis RA, Zaninotto G, Roman S, et al. European guidelines on achalasia: United European Gastroenterology and European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility recommendations. United European Gastroenterol J 2020;8:13-33.
- Khashab MA, Vela MF, Thosani N, et al. ASGE guideline on the management of achalasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2020;91:213-227.
- Inoue H, Shiwaku H, Iwakiri K, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for peroral endoscopic myotomy. Dig Endosc 2018;30:563-579.
- van Hoeij FB, Ponds FA, Werner Y, et al. Management of recurrent symptoms after per-oral endoscopic myotomy in achalasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2018;87:95-101.
- Wang L, Li YM. Recurrent achalasia treated with Heller myotomy: a review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 2008;14:7122-7126.
- Bonatti H, Hinder RA, Klocker J, et al. Long-term results of laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication for the treatment of achalasia. Am J Surg 2005;190:874-878.
- Milito P, Siboni S, Lovece A, et al. Revisional therapy for recurrent symptoms after Heller myotomy for achalasia. J Gastrointest Surg 2022;26:64-69.
- Neyaz Z, Gupta M, Ghoshal UC. How to perform and interpret timed barium esophagogram. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013;19:251-256.
- Boonsomjint W, Maneerattanaporn M, Charoensak A. Correlation between timed barium esophagogram and the Eckardt stage in achalasia. Siriraj Med J 2018;70:60-65.
- DeWitt JM, Siwiec RM, Perkins A, et al. Evaluation of timed barium esophagram after per-oral endoscopic myotomy to predict clinical response. Endosc Int Open 2021;9:E1692-E1701.
- Kachala SS, Rice TW, Baker ME, et al. Value of routine timed barium esophagram follow-up in achalasia after myotomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018;156:871-877.
- Alderliesten J, Conchillo JM, Leeuwenburgh I, et al. Predictors for outcome of failure of balloon dilatation in patients with achalasia. Gut 2011;60:10-16.
- Eckardt AJ, Eckardt VF. Treatment and surveillance strategies in achalasia: an update. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;8:311-319.
- Urakami S, Abe H, Tanaka S, et al. Development of a preoperative risk-scoring system for predicting poor responders to peroral endoscopic myotomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2021;93:398-405.
- Phalanusitthepha C, Inoue H, Ikeda H, et al. Peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal achalasia. Ann Transl Med 2014;2:31.
- Schlottmann F, Luckett DJ, Fine J, et al. Laparoscopic Heller myotomy versus peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2018;267:451-460.
- Abe H, Tanaka S, Sato H, et al. Risk scoring system for the preprocedural prediction of the clinical failure of peroral endoscopic myotomy: a multicenter case-control study. Endoscopy 2023;55:217-224.
- Ates F, Vaezi MF. The pathogenesis and management of achalasia: current status and future directions. Gut Liver 2015;9:449-463.
- Katsumata R, Manabe N, Sakae H, et al. Clinical characteristics and manometric findings of esophageal achalasia-a systematic review regarding differences among three subtypes. J Smooth Muscle Res 2023;59:14-27.
- Li MY, Wang QH, Chen RP, et al. Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment progress of achalasia of cardia. World J Clin Cases 2023;11:1741-1752.