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Low-Dose Radiotherapy Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Arthritis by Inducing Apoptosis of Lymphocytes and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes

  • Bo-Gyu Kim (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Hoon Sik Choi (Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Yong-ho Choe (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Hyun Min Jeon (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Ji Yeon Heo (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Yun-Hong Cheon (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Ki Mun Kang (Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Sang-Il Lee (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital) ;
  • Bae Kwon Jeong (Department of Radiation Oncology and Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Mingyo Kim (Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital)
  • Received : 2023.12.23
  • Accepted : 2024.07.31
  • Published : 2024.08.31
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Abstract

Low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) has been explored as a treatment option for various inflammatory diseases; however, its application in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying LDRT-based treatment for RA and standardize it. LDRT reduced the total numbers of immune cells, but increased the apoptotic CD4+ T and B220+ B cells, in the draining lymph nodes of collagen induced arthritis and K/BxN models. In addition, it significantly reduced the severity of various pathological manifestations, including bone destruction, cartilage erosion, and swelling of hind limb ankle. Post-LDRT, the proportion of apoptotic CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells increased significantly in the PBMCs derived from human patients with RA. LDRT showed a similar effect in fibroblast-like synoviocytes as well. In conclusion, we report that LDRT induces apoptosis in immune cells and fibro-blast-like synoviocytes, contributing to attenuation of arthritis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by grants from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00219399), and biomedical research institute fund at Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUHBRIF-2021-0002).

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