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Breeding a new cultivar of Pleurotus ostreatus, 'Otari' and its characteristics

느타리 신품종 '오타리'의 육성 및 특성

  • Minji Oh (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Ji-Hoon Im (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Minseek Kim (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Doo-Ho Choi (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Eun-Ji Lee (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Sung-I Woo (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA ) ;
  • Youn-Lee Oh (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA )
  • 오민지 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 임지훈 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 김민식 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 최두호 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 이은지 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 우성이 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 오연이 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과)
  • Received : 2024.08.31
  • Accepted : 2024.09.24
  • Published : 2024.09.30

Abstract

Oyster mushroom is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed mushrooms in Korea, and mechanization and automation of cultivation systems have enabled mass production. Many cultivars have been developed to replace the old ones such as 'Suhan' and 'Chunchuneutari 2 ho,' which have been cultivated for over 20 years. Among these, 'Soltari' was developed in 2015. Although it has excellent quality, its cultivation is challenging and the productivity is somewhat lower. To address these issues, the Mushroom Division at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science selected the genetic resource KMCC05165 and attempted hybridization between monokaryons from KMCC05165 and 'Soltari(KMCC04940)'. Through repeated cultivation tests and evaluation of fruiting body characteristics, the superior strain 'Po-2019-smj22' was selected and finally named 'Otari'. The optimal mycelial growth temperature of 'Otari' was between 25 and 30℃ and optimal fruiting body growth temperature was between 13 and 18℃. Mycelial growth on PDA medium was best at 25℃, and at the same temperature, mycelial growth was similar across four media: PDA, MEA, MCM, and YM. In 1,100 mL bottle cultivation, the yield was approximately 174 g, which is about 5% higher than the control cultivar 'Soltari', and the number of valid individuals was also higher at about 25. The diameter and height of the pileus were 29.8 mm and 17.6 mm, respectively, slightly smaller than 'Soltari', and the stipe was thin and long with a thickness of 12.2 mm. Additionally, the pileus' lightness index (L index) was 30.7, indicating a darker brown color compared to 'Soltari.' With excellent mycelial growth, ease of cultivation, and high yield, the new cultivar 'Otari' is expected to be widely adopted by domestic oyster mushroom farms.

느타리는 국내에서 가장 많이 재배되고 소비되는 버섯 중 하나로 재배시스템이 기계화, 자동화되면서 대량생산이 가능해졌다. 기존에 외국에서 도입되어 20년 이상 재배되어온 '수한', '춘추느타리2호' 등의 품종을 순수 국산품종으로 대체하고자 많은 품종들이 개발되었다. 그 가운데 2015년 개발된 '솔타리'는 버섯의 품질은 우수하나 재배가 까다롭고 생산성이 다소 떨어져, 이를 보완하기 위해 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과에서는 보유중인 유전자원 KMCC05165를 선발하여 단포자 간 교잡을 시도하였고, 반복재배시험과 자실체 특성평가를 통해 최종 우량계통 Po-2019-smj22를 선발하고 '오타리'라고 명명하였다. '오타리'의 균사생장 적온은 25~30o℃이고, 버섯 생육 적온은 13~18℃인 중고온성 품종이다. PDA 배지에서의 균사생장은 25℃에서 가장 우수하였고, 25℃ 동일한 온도에서는 PDA, MEA, MCM, YM 4종류 배지에서 모두 균사생장 정도가 비슷하였다. 1,100 mL의 병재배 시, 수량은 약 174g으로 대조품종인 '솔타리'에 비해 약 5% 증수되었고, 유효경수도 약 25개로 더 많았다. 갓의 직경과 높이는 29.8 mm, 17.6 mm로 '솔타리'에 비해 다소 작았고, 대의 굵기는 12.2 mm로 얇고 긴 형태를 띠었다. 또한, 갓의 명도를 나타내는 L index 값은 30.7로 '솔타리'보다 더 어두운 흑갈색을 나타냈다. 균사활력이 우수하여 재배가 쉽고 유효경수가 많고 수량이 높아 생산성이 우수한 신품종 '오타리'가 국내 느타리 농가에 널리 보급되기를 기대해본다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 기본과제(PJ01419604)에서 수행한 연구 결과로 연구비 지원에 감사드립니다.

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