벤처혁신연구 (Journal of Venture Innovation)

한국벤처혁신학회 (Korean Academy of Venture Innovation)
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중소벤처기업·소상공인 CEO의 기업가적열정이 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향 : 기업평판의 조절 효과

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Passion on Competitive Advantage of SMEs and Sole Proprietors : Moderating Effect of Corporate Reputation

  • 이형태 (숭실대학교 벤처중소기업학과) ;
  • 유재원 (숭실대학교 벤처중소기업학과)
  • Lee, Hyung-tae (Soongsil University) ;
  • Yoo, Jae-won (Soongsil University)
  • 투고 : 2024.05.28
  • 심사 : 2024.06.19
  • 발행 : 2024.06.30
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초록

중소벤처기업·소상공인은 한국 경제의 중요한 축을 담당하고 있다. 2019년 중소벤처기업부 통계조사를 보면 우리나라 중소벤처기업의 전체 종사자 비중은 89.8%로 일본 77.8%, 대만 76.6%에 비해 압도적으로 높다는 것을 알 수 있는데, 그만큼 우리나라에서 중소벤처기업의 일자리 창출은 절대적이라 할 수 있다. 대기업에 비해 우리나라의 중소벤처기업은 규모의 경제 측면에서는 원가경쟁력 저하, 자본력 부족에 따른 연구개발/마케팅의 어려움, 네트워크 확보의 어려움, 경영노하우 부족 등으로 인해 경쟁우위를 확보하기 어렵다고 알려져 있다. 기존 연구는 피터드러커와 슘페터 등 많은 학자에 의해 1950년대 중반 이후부터 기업가정신에 관한 연구 위주로 이루어졌으며, 근래에는 경영학, 심리학, 경제학 등 다양한 분야에서 연구가 진행되고 있고 연구 분야도 세부적으로 기업가에서 기업가정신, 혁신, 기업성과, 경쟁우위, 기업가적 마케팅 등에 관한 연구들이 진행됐다. 하지만, 중소벤처기업 CEO의 개인적인 특성인 기업가적열정, 기업의 총체적 이미지인 기업평판 등에 관한 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이며, 그룹 간 변수 간의 영향 비교(업종별, 압력별 등) 등은 아직 제시되지 않고 있다. 기업가적 열정은 새로운 사업 창출, 일자리 창출, 경제 성장 등을 촉진하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 따라서, 기업가적열정을 함양하고 촉진하는 것은 사회 경제적 발전에도 이바지할 수 있을 것이다. 이는 정부 정책, 교육 프로그램, 사회적 인식개선 등을 통해 이루어질 수 있으며, 특히 혁신과 성장이 중요한 현재 시장 조건에서는 더더욱 중요하다. 결론적으로 기업가적 열정은 개인, 기업, 사회 모두에게 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 기업가적열정에 관한 연구는 이러한 긍정적인 영향을 극대화하기 위한 필수적인 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구의 한계를 극복하기 위해 기업가의 개인적인 특성인 기업가적열정이 경쟁우위에 영향을 미치는지 그리고, 흡수능력과 제품 및 프로세스 혁신역량은 기업가적열정과 경쟁우위 사이에서 매개효과가 있는지 마지막으로 기업가적 열정과 흡수능력 사이의 관계에서 기업평판은 조절 효과를 가지는지 등을 검증하고 업종별, 압력별로 그룹 간 비교를 통해 변수 간의 영향 요인에 대해 실증적으로 검증을 하고자 한다. 본 연구는 중소벤처기업부 산하 중소기업유통센터가 수행하는 2023년 중소벤처기업·소상공인 온라인판로지원 사업에 참여한 중소벤처기업·소상공인 CEO 312명을 대상으로 2023년 12월 1일부터 20일까지 설문 및 분석을 시행하였고 분석은 Smart PLS 4.0을 사용하여 변수 간의 관계에 대한 영향을 실증적으로 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 기업가적 열정은 흡수능력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 제품 및 프로세스 혁신역량, 경쟁우위에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 기업평판이 높을수록 기업가적열정이 흡수능력에 더욱 크게 영향을 미치는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Small and medium-sized venture companies and small business owners play an important role in the Korean economy. According to the Ministry of SMEs and Startups' statistics survey in 2019, the proportion of all employees of small and medium-sized venture companies in Korea was 89.8%, which is overwhelmingly higher than that of Japan's 77.8% and Taiwan's 76.6%, so job creation for small and medium-sized venture companies in Korea is absolute. Compared to large companies, it is known that it is difficult for small and medium-sized venture companies in Korea to secure a competitive advantage due to low cost competitiveness, difficulties in R&D/marketing due to lack of capital, difficulties in securing networks, and lack of management know-how. Many scholars, including Kerr and Schumpeter, have studied entrepreneurship since the mid-1950s. Recently, research has been conducted in various fields such as business administration, psychology, and economics. However, research on the personal characteristics of CEOs of small and medium-sized venture companies such as entrepreneurial passion and corporate reputation, which is the overall image of companies, is still insufficient, and comparisons of effects between variables between groups (by industry, by pressure, etc.) have not yet been presented. Entrepreneurial passion plays an important role in promoting new business creation, job creation, and economic growth. Therefore, entrepreneurial Cultivating and promoting passion will also contribute to socioeconomic development. These are government policies, educational programs, and social awareness It can be achieved through improvement, etc., and is especially important in the current market conditions where innovation and growth are important. In conclusion Entrepreneurial passion is an important factor that has a positive effect on all individuals, businesses, and society. Therefore, research on entrepreneurial passion is It is an essential task to maximize these positive effects. In this study, in order to overcome the limitations of existing studies, entrepreneurs' Whether entrepreneurial passion, which is a personal characteristic, affects competitive advantage, absorption capacity and product and process innovation capabilities are Whether there is a mediating effect between entrepreneurial passion and competitive advantage. Finally, in the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and absorption capacity. The corporate reputation verifies whether it has a moderating effect, etc., and compares the influencing factors between variables by industry and pressure. It is intended to be verified empirically. In this study, 2023 conducted by the Small and Medium Business Distribution Center under the Ministry of SMEs and Startups for 312 CEOs of small and medium-sized venture companies and small business owners who participated in the online market support project for small and medium-sized venture companies and small business owners, December 2023 Survey and analysis were conducted from 1st to 20th, and the analysis used Smart PLS 4.0 to determine the impact on the relationship between variables. It was empirically verified. As a result of the study, it was found that entrepreneurial passion had a positive effect on absorption capacity, and the product was found And it was found to have a positive effect on process innovation capability and competitive advantage. In addition, the higher the corporate reputation, the more entrepreneurial it is. It was confirmed that passion had a greater effect on absorption capacity.

키워드

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