DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

What Factors Affect the Voluntary and Active Social Media Marketing Activities of Nonprofit Organization Members?

  • Cheolho Yoon (Department of Business Administration, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Jose Marti-Parreno (Vice-Rector for Research and Knowledge Transfer, Universidad Internacional de Valencia)
  • Received : 2023.11.20
  • Accepted : 2024.01.26
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

For nonprofit organizations to effectively conduct social media marketing, which is characterized by viral marketing, it is essential that members engage in voluntary and active social media marketing activities. The purpose of this study was to present and empirically analyze the factors that influence the social media marketing activities of nonprofit organization members. To this end, this paper presents a research model that combines social capital and social cognitive theory based on the theory of reasoned action. To test this research model, valid survey data were collected from 317 members of nonprofit organizations in Korea and analyzed with structural equation modeling. The main results suggest that reciprocity, shared goals, outcome expectations, and self-efficiency affect the social media marketing activity intentions of nonprofit organization members through attitude and subjective norms. These results provide practical guidelines for the revitalization of social media marketing in nonprofit organizations.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This Research was supported by Oversea training support Funds of Mokpo National University in 2023.

References

  1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T 
  2. Arpaci, I. (2020). The influence of social interactions and subjective norms on social media postings. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 19(3), 2050023. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219649220500239 
  3. Al-Husseini, S. J. (2021). Social capital and individual motivations for information sharing: A theory of reasoned action perspective. Journal of Information Science, 13(1), 1493-1505. https://doi.org/10.1177/01655515211060532 
  4. Albanna, H., Alalwan, A. A., and Al-Emran, M. (2022). An integrated model for using social media applications in non-profit organizations. International Journal of Information Management, 63(1), 102452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102452 
  5. Abbasi, G. A., Abdul Rahim, N. F., Wu, H., Iranmanesh, M., and Keong, B. N. C. (2022). Determinants of SME's social media marketing adoption: Competitive industry as a moderator. Sage Open, 12(1), 21582440211067220. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211067220 
  6. Aliakbar, E., Yusoff, R. B., and Mahmood, N. H. N. (2012). Determinants of knowledge sharing behavior. In A paper presented at the International Conference on Economics, Business and Marketing Management held in Singapore (pp. 208-215). 
  7. Alves, H., Fernandes, C., and Raposo, M. (2016). Social media marketing: a literature review and implications. Psychology & Marketing, 33(12), 1029-1038. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20936 
  8. Aslam, M. H., Shahzad, K., Syed, A. R., and Ramish, A. (2013). Social capital and knowledge sharing as determinants of academic performance. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 15(1), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.21818/001c.17935 
  9. Bagozzi, R. P., and Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327 
  10. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191 
  11. Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. 
  12. Bock, G. W., Zmud, R. W., Kim, Y. G., and Lee, J. N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Quarterly, 87-111. 
  13. Boyd, N. G., and Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800404 
  14. Cabrera, E. F., and Cabrera, A. (2005). Fostering knowledge sharing through people management practices. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(5), 720-735. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190500083020 
  15. Cao, X., Guo, X., Liu, H., and Gu, J. (2015). The role of social media in supporting knowledge integration: A social capital analysis. Information Systems Frontiers, 17(2), 351-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-013-9473-2 
  16. Chandrashekar, D. (2022). Traditional Marketing vs Social Media Marketing, Retrieved from https://www.marketinginasia.com/traditional-marketing-vs-social-media-marketing/ 
  17. Chang, H. H., and Chuang, S. S. (2011). Social capital and individual motivations on knowledge sharing: Participant involvement as a moderator. Information & Management, 48(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2010.11.001 
  18. Cheung, M. L., Pires, G. D., and Rosenberger III, P. J. (2019). Developing a conceptual model for examining social media marketing effects on brand awareness and brand image. International Journal of Economics and Business Research, 17(3), 243-261.  https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEBR.2019.098874
  19. Chiu, C. M., Hsu, M. H., and Wang, E. T. (2006). Understanding knowledge sharing in virtual communities: An integration of social capital and social cognitive theories. Decision Support Systems, 42(3), 1872-1888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001 
  20. Chow, W. S., and Chan, L. S. (2008). Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing. Information & Management, 45(7), 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.007 
  21. Claridge, T. (2018). Dimensions of Social Capital-structural, cognitive, and relational. Social Capital Research, 1, 1-4. 
  22. Compeau, D., Higgins, C. A., and Huff, S. (1999). Social cognitive theory and individual reactions to computing technology: A longitudinal study. MIS Quarterly, 23(2), 145-158.  https://doi.org/10.2307/249749
  23. Dahnil, M. I., Marzuki, K. M., Langgat, J., and Fabeil, N. F. (2014). Factors influencing SMEs adoption of social media marketing. Procedia-social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.025 
  24. Darvish, H., and Nikbakhsh, R. (2010). Studying the relations of social capital factors with knowledge sharing: a case study at research department of IRIB. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 6(31), 28-47. 
  25. Fishbein, M., and Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behaviour: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Addison-Wesley. 
  26. Gefen, D., and Straub, D. (2005). A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: Tutorial and annotated example. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 16(1), 91-109. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.01605 
  27. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., and Sarstedt, M. (2013). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications. 
  28. Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: McGraw-Hill. 
  29. Inkpen, A. C., and Tsang, E. W. (2005). Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 146-165. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159100 
  30. Jolaee, A., Md Nor, K., Khani, N., and Md Yusoff, R. (2014). Factors affecting knowledge sharing intention among academic staff. International Journal of Educational Management, 28(4), 413-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-03-2013-0041 
  31. Kasim, N. M., Fauzi, M. A., Wider, W., and Yusuf, M. F. (2022). Understanding social media usage at work from the perspective of social capital theory. Administrative Sciences, 12(4), 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040170 
  32. Kim, H., Kim, Y., and Lee, D. (2020). Understanding the role of social media in political participation: Integrating political knowledge and bridging social capital from the social cognitive approach. International Journal of Communication, 19328036(14), 4803-4824 
  33. Kotler, P. (1982). Marketing for Nonprofit Organizations. Prentice-Hall. 
  34. Kumar, T. B. J., Goh, S. K., and Balaji, M. S. (2021). Sharing travel related experiences on social media- Integrating social capital and face orientation. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 27(2), 168-186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766720975047 
  35. Leana, C. R., and Van Buren, H. J. (1999). Organizational social capital and employment practices. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 538-555. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1999.2202136 
  36. Lefebvre, V. M., Sorenson, D., Henchion, M., and Gellynck, X. (2016). Social capital and knowledge sharing performance of learning networks. International Journal of Information Management, 36(4), 570-579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.11.008 
  37. Lettieri, E., Borga, F., and Savoldelli, A. (2004). Knowledge management in non-profit organizations. Journal of Knowledge Management, 8(6), 16-30.  https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270410567602
  38. Lin, T. C., and Huang, C. C. (2008). Understanding knowledge management system usage antecedents: An integration of social cognitive theory and task technology fit. Information & Management, 45(6), 410-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.004 
  39. Liou, D. K., Chih, W. H., Yuan, C. Y., and Lin, C. Y. (2016). The study of the antecedents of knowledge sharing behavior: The empirical study of Yambol online test community. Internet Research, 26(4), 845-868. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-10-2014-0256 
  40. Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., and Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.2307/258792 
  41. Mehrotra, A., and Siraj, S. (2021). Social media marketing-an effective solution for non-profit organizations. In 2021 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (Confluence) (pp. 1072-1077). IEEE. 
  42. Nahapiet, J., and Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.533225 
  43. Park, S. Y., and Loo, B. T. (2022). The use of crowdfunding and social media platforms in strategic start-up communication: A big-data analysis. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 16(2), 313-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2022.2032079 
  44. Sanchez, G., Trinchera, L., and Russolillo, G. (2017). Plspm: Tools for partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM). R package version 0.4, 9. 
  45. Schwartz, S. H. (1977). Normative influences on altruism. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 10, pp. 221-279). Academic Press. 
  46. Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J., and Warshaw, P. R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A metaanalysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(3), 325-343. https://doi.org/10.1086/209170 
  47. Sun, Y., and Shang, R. A. (2014). The interplay between users' intraorganizational social media use and social capital. Computers in Human Behavior, 37, 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.048 
  48. Taylor, S., and Todd, P. A. (1995). Understanding information technology usage: A test of competing models. Information Systems Research, 6(2), 144-176. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.6.2.144 
  49. Tsai, W., and Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Academy of Management Journal, 41(4), 464-476. https://doi.org/10.2307/257085 
  50. Warner, T., Abel, A., and Hachtmann, F. (2014). Empowered and engaged: Exploring social media best practices for nonprofits. Journal of Digital & Social Media Marketing, 1(4), 391-403.  https://doi.org/10.69554/NNBO1284
  51. Wasko, M. M., and Faraj, S. (2005). Why should I share? Examining social capital and knowledge contribution in electronic networks of practice. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 35-57.  https://doi.org/10.2307/25148667
  52. Witherspoon, C. L., Bergner, J., Cockrell, C., and Stone, D. N. (2013). Antecedents of organizational knowledge sharing: A meta-analysis and critique. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(2), 250-277. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673271311315204 
  53. Wong, A. (2023). How social capital builds online brand advocacy in luxury social media brand communities. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70, 103143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103143 
  54. Yoon, C., and Wang, Z. W. (2011). The role of citizenship behaviors and social capital in virtual communities. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 52(1), 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2011.11645527 
  55. Zhou, J., Zuo, M., Yu, Y., and Chai, W. (2014). How fundamental and supplemental interactions affect users' knowledge sharing in virtual communities? A social cognitive perspective. Internet Research, 24(5), 566-586. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-07-2013-0143