Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Strongylocentrotus intermedius Extract Suppresses Adiposity by Inhibiting Adipogenesis and Promoting Adipocyte Browning via AMPK Activation in 3T3-L1 Cells

  • Lakshi A. Dayarathne (Department of Food and Nutrition, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jasmadi (Department of Food and Nutrition, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Seok-Chun Ko (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Mi-Jin Yim (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Jeong Min Lee (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Ji-Yul Kim (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Gun-Woo Oh (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Dae-Sung Lee (National Marine Biodiversity of Korea (MABIK)) ;
  • Won-Kyo Jung (Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Sei-Jung Lee (Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jae-Young Je (Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University)
  • Received : 2024.04.24
  • Accepted : 2024.06.25
  • Published : 2024.08.28
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Abstract

The current study aimed to determine whether Strongylocentrotus intermedius (S. intermedius) extract (SIE) exerts anti-obesity potentials employing 3T3-L1 cells as in vitro model. Herein we reported that treatment of SIE for 6 days reduced lipid accretion and triglyceride content whereas it increased the release of free glycerol. The inhibited lipid accumulation and induced lipolysis were evidenced by the downregulation of lipogenesis proteins, such as fatty acid synthase and lipoprotein lipase, and the upregulation of hormone-sensitive lipase expression. Furthermore, the downregulation of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, highlights that reduced lipid accumulation is supported by lowering adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, treatment activates brown adipocyte phenotype in 3T3-L1 cells by inducing expression of brown adipose tissue-specific proteins, such as uncoupling protein 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α. Moreover, SIE induced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The pharmacological approach using AMPK inhibitor revealed that the restraining effect of SIE on adipogenesis and promotion of adipocyte browning were blocked. In GC-MS analysis, SIE was mainly composed of cholest-5-en-3-ol (36.71%) along with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids which have favorable anti-obesity potentials. These results reveal that SIE has the possibility as a lipid-lowering agent for the intervention of obesity.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was granted by the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK) Research Program 2024M00500 and by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2021R1A6A1A03039211).

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