International Journal of Heart Failure

The Korean Society of Heart Failure (대한심부전학회)
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Rationale, Design, and Interim Observations of the Steady Movement With Innovating Leadership for Heart Failure (SMILE HF) Registry: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Registry for Patients With Acute Heart Failure

  • Jah Yeon Choi (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • Mi-Na Kim (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Anam Hospital) ;
  • Seongwoo Han (Department of Cardiology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Sunki Lee (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • Myung Soo Park (Department of Cardiology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Min Gyu Kong (Department of Cardiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital) ;
  • Sung-Hea Kim (Department of Cardiology, Konkuk University Hospital) ;
  • Yong-Hyun Kim (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital) ;
  • Sang-Ho Jo (Department of Cardiology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Sungeun Kim (Department of Cardiology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Seonghoon Choi (Department of Cardiology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Jinsung Jeon (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • Jieun Lee (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • Byambakhand Battumur (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • Seong-Mi Park (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Anam Hospital) ;
  • Eung Ju Kim (Department of Cardiology, Korea University Guro Hospital) ;
  • SMILE HF Investigators (SMILE HF)
  • Received : 2024.02.25
  • Accepted : 2024.06.25
  • Published : 2024.07.30
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Abstract

Background and Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. The Steady Movement with Innovating Leadership for Heart Failure (SMILE HF) aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, management, hospital course, and long-term outcomes of patients hospitalized for acute HF in South Korea. Methods: This prospective, observational multicenter cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients hospitalized for acute HF in nine university hospitals since September 2019. Enrolment of 2000 patients should be completed in 2024, and follow-up is planned through 2025. Results: Interim analysis of 1,052 consecutive patients was performed to understand the baseline characteristics. The mean age was 69±15 years; 57.6% were male. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 39±15%. The prevalences of HF with reduced ejection fraction, HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction, and HF with preserved ejection fraction were 50.9%, 15.3%, and 29.2%. Ischemic cardiomyopathy (CMP) was the most common etiology (32%), followed by tachycardia-induced CMP (12.8%) and idiopathic dilated CMP (9.5%). The prescription rate of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, beta-blockers, spironolactone, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors at discharge were 76.8%, 66.5%, 50.0%, and 17.5%, respectively. The post-discharge 90-day mortality and readmission rates due to HF aggravation were 2.0% and 6.4%, respectively. Our analysis reveals the current state of acute HF in South Korea. Conclusions: Our interim analysis provides valuable insights into the clinical characteristics, management, and early outcomes of acute HF patients in South Korea, highlighting the current state and treatment patterns in this population.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This investigator-initiated trial was mainly funded by Yuhan and partially supported by Hanmi Pharmaceutical.

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