Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Effect of Pyrolysis Fuel Oil Based Carbon Coating onto CFX Cathode on High-rate Performance of Lithium Primary Batteries

불화탄소 전극의 열분해 연료유 기반 탄소 코팅이 리튬일차전지의 고율속 성능에 미치는 영향

  • Sangyeop Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Naeun Ha (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seongjae Myeong (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chaehun Lim (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Sei-Hyun Lee (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Korea Polytechnic IV College) ;
  • Young-Seak Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University)
  • 이상엽 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 하나은 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 명성재 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 임채훈 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 이세현 (한국폴리텍IV대학 전기전자제어과) ;
  • 이영석 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Received : 2024.06.12
  • Accepted : 2024.07.08
  • Published : 2024.08.10
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Abstract

The performance of carbon fluoride-based lithium primary batteries (Li/CFX) is limited due to poor rate capability resulting from the low conductivity of carbon fluoride, which is used as the active material. Therefore, in this study, we applied a carbon coating using pyrolysis fuel oil on carbon fluoride to overcome this limitation and considered its electrochemical performance. An amorphous carbon layer was formed on the surface of the carbon fluoride through carbon coating, and the surface physicochemical properties of the carbon fluoride were meticulously considered based on the heat treatment temperature. The advanced research chemical 1000 heat treated at 450 ℃ (ARC@C450) sample, which was commercial carbon fluoride heat-treated at 450 ℃, showed the largest increase in the concentration of sp2 carbon bonds (62%) and the highest formation of semi-ionic C-F bonds. Also, the primary battery using the ARC@C450 sample as a cathode active material exhibited stable discharge capability at the highest rate of 5 C (392 mAh/g), and the Rct value was reduced by 53% compared to the untreated sample. Therefore, we proposed pyrolysis fuel oil-based carbon coating as a method to overcome the low conductivity of carbon fluoride, and the carbon-coated carbon fluoride showed excellent rate performance, suggesting its potential application in high-power primary batteries.

불화탄소 기반 리튬일차전지(Li/CFX)의 활물질로 이용되는 불화탄소는 낮은 전도성에 기인한 열악한 율속 특성으로 방전 성능이 제한적이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이를 극복하기 위하여 불화탄소에 열분해 연료유를 이용하여 탄소 코팅을 진행하였고, 전기화학적 성능을 고찰하였다. 탄소 코팅에 의하여 불화탄소 표면에 무정형 탄소층이 형성되었으며, 열처리 온도에 따른 불화탄소의 표면 물리화학적 특성을 면밀히 고찰하였다. 상용 불화탄소를 450 ℃에서 열처리한 ARC@C450 샘플은 sp2 탄소 결합의 함량이 62%로 가장 크게 증가하였으며, 반이온성 C-F 결합이 가장 많이 형성되었다. 또한, ARC@C450 샘플을 환원극 활물질로 이용한 일차전지는 가장 높은 5 C 율속(392 mAh/g)에서 안정적인 방전 특성을 보였으며, Rct 값은 미처리 시료에 비하여 53% 감소하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 불화탄소의 낮은 전도성을 극복하기 위한 방법으로 열분해 연료유 기반 탄소 코팅을 제안하며, 탄소 코팅된 불화탄소는 우수한 율속 성능을 나타냄으로 고출력 일차전지로의 응용 가능성을 제시한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 국방과학연구소의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(UE211060GD).

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