Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy (대한의료기공학회지)

THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL GIGONG (대한의료기공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Breathing Meditation Qigong Therapy on the Recovery of Olfactory Disorders and Voice Handicap Index in Parkinson's Disease Patients

호흡명상기공테라피가 파킨슨병 환자의 후각 및 음성 기능장애 개선에 미치는 효과

  • So Jung An (Integrative Medicine Research Institute, South Baylo University) ;
  • Hun Mo Ahn (The Member of the Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong)
  • 안소정 (사우스배일로한의과대학 통합의학연구소) ;
  • 안훈모 (대한의료기공학회)
  • Received : 2024.05.13
  • Accepted : 2024.06.15
  • Published : 2024.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective : The purpose of this study is to determine whether An's breathing meditation qigong therapy (ABMQT) delivers bioenergy to the frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe, the olfactory tract in the mesolimbic pathway, olfactory bulb, CV22, CV21, olfactory area and vocal-related areas in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients to help improve olfactory disorders (anosmia) and vocal functions. Methods : The subjects of this study were 4 patients with idiopathic PD (3 males/1 female, 65.0±NA/68.7±10.2 years old). ABMQT was applied once a week, 120 minutes per session for 12 weeks in a non-invasive and noncontact manner, and the test before and after ABMQT application included olfactory impairment test the Korean version of Sniffin' stick test (KVSS), voice acoustic test, aerodynamic test, vocal handicap index (VHI-30), and auditory perception scale test tools. The results before and after the experiment were analyzed assuming a normal distribution, and a chi-square test was performed using a continuity correction, and the significance level was set to p<0.05. And the medical diagnosis and findings of the examiner (doctor in charge) before and after the experiment were described. Results : KVSS was significant as 0.2±0.5 and 9.0±0.0 before and after the experiment. There was no significant difference between the voice acoustic test FO and Jitter, the vocal aerodynamic test MPT, SP, AE, the vocal disorder index test, and the auditory perception test. However, the medical diagnosis findings of four study subjects showed that olfactory disorders, voice disorders, and laryngeal function were improved before and after the application of ABMQT. Conclusions : The breathing meditation qigong program showed significant effects on improving the olfactory disorders (anosmia) and speech function of each study subject. However, to produce meaningful results, it is thought that experiments involving a larger number of research participants are necessary, and additional blood and FMRI tests are conducted to verify metabolic activities and the olfactory neuron signal transmission system.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 DS메디칼에서 지원을 받아 연구하였습니다. 본 연구 중 자료조사는 이계봉(선문대학교 미래융합대학원 자연치유학과)씨의 도움으로 연구가 나오게 되었습니다. 이에 본 연구자들은 깊이 감사를 드립니다.

References

  1. Polymeropoulos MH. Autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease and alpha-synuclein. Ann Neurol. 1998;44(3 Suppl 1):S63-4.
  2. Valente EM, Abou-Sleiman PM, Caputo V, Muqit MM, Harvey K, Gispert S, et al. Hereditary early-onset Parkinson's disease caused by mutations in PINK1. Science. 2004;304(5674):1158-60.
  3. Tarakad A, Jankovic J. Anosmia and Ageusia in Parkinson's Disease. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;133:541-56.
  4. An SJ. Effects of Breathing, Meditation and Qigong on the Impairable Dysfunction of Olfactory Sense in the Parkinson's Disease. Journal of Naturopathy. 2020;9(2):37-55.
  5. Kim HC, Lee BN, Kim YS, Lee SI. Neuroprotective Effect of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on Dopaminergic Neuronal Cell Death in Parkinson's disease. The Korea Journal of Herbology. 1999;14(1):103-9.
  6. Bloem BR, Okun MS, Klein C. Parkinson's disease. Lancet. 2021;397(10291):2284-303.
  7. Logemann JA, Fisher HB, Boshes B, Blonsky ER. Frequency and Cooccurrence of Vocal Tract Dysfunctions in the Speech of a Large Sample of Parkinson Patients. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders. 1978;43(1):47-57.
  8. Duffy JR. Motor speech disorders : substrates, differential diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Mosby; 2005.
  9. Cannito MP, Suiter DM, Beverly D, Chorna L, Wolf T, Pfeiffer RM. Sentence intelligibility before and after voice treatment in speakers with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Voice. 2012;26(2):214-9.
  10. Lee JY. Acoustic Analysis of Speech in Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease. Daejeon: Chungnam National University; 2007.
  11. Kang YG, Kim YD, Ban JC, Seong CJ. A Comparison of the Voice Differences of Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and a Normal-Aging Group. J Korean Soc Speech Sci. 2009;1(1):99-107.
  12. NHIS, HIR & AS. 2022 National Health Insurance Statistical Yearbook. Wonju: NHIS, HIR & AS; 2023. 859 p.
  13. Deems DA, Doty RL, Settle RG, Moore-Gillon V, Shaman P, Mester AF, et al. Smell and taste disorders, a study of 750 patients from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991;117(5):519-28.
  14. Leopold DA, Holbrook E. Physiology of olfaction. Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery. 1993;2:770-98.
  15. Hornykiewicz O. The discovery of dopamine deficiency in the parkinsonian brain. J Neural Transm Suppl. 2006(70):9-15.
  16. Kim SY, Lim YW, Kim EJ, Park SU. Review on the effect of acupuncture on Parkinson's disease over the last 5 years. J Korean Oriental Med. 2022;43(1):112-35.
  17. Park SM, Lee SH, Jung JC, Kim KH, Park HJ, Lim S, et al. Effect of Moxibustion Treatment on UPDRS and Heart Rate Variability in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease Patients. J Korean Oriental Med. 2005;26(02):176-81.
  18. Qu C, Liu L, Xu Q-Q, Xian Y-F, Lin Z-X. Neuroprotective Effects of San-Jia-Fu-Mai Decoction: Studies on the: in vitro: and: in vivo: Models of Parkinson's Disease. World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2021;7(2):192-200.
  19. Jeong HS, Kim HR, Kim SY, Yim TB, Jin C, Kwon SW, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Pain in Patients with Parkinson's Disease Who Have Visited a Korean Medical Hospital : A Retrospective Chart Review. The Journal of Korean Medicine. 2020;41(2):23-33.
  20. Hong SC, S. YY, Kim ES, Kim SC, Park SH, Kim JK, et al. Development of KVSS test (Korean version of Sniffin' sticks test). Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 1999;42(7):855-60.
  21. An SY, Kong IG, Lee CH, Kim JW. Analysis of the Correct-Answer Rate of the Odor Identification Test in KVSS(Korean Version of Sniffin'Sticks) Test. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 2007:1109-13.
  22. Yoon YS, Kim HH, Son YI, Choi HS. Validation of the Korean Voice Handicap Index(K-VHI) and the Clinical Usefulness of Korean VHI-10. Communication Sciences and Disorders. 2008;13(2):216-41.
  23. Choi SH, Yu M, Choi C-H. Comparisons of 4-Point GRBAS, 7-Point-GRBAS, and CAPE-V for Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Dysphonia. Audiology and Speech Research. 2021;17(2):206-19.
  24. Kim JO. Acoustic Characteristics of the Voices of Korean Normal Adults by Gender on MDVP. Speech sounds and phone science. 2009;1(4):147-57.
  25. Kim JJ, Cho KH, An SJ, Cui SI, Kim SW, Suh J, et al. Effects of Acupuncture & Qigong Meditation on Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease. J Acupunct Res. 2020;37(4):247-53.
  26. Lama D. Things we must know when meditating from the Dalai Lama. Seoul: Bulgwang Publishing Company; 2018.
  27. Kim GC. Donguibogam mind. Paju-si Gyeonggi-do: Sodong Publishing Company; 2013.
  28. Moon KW. Web-Based Analysis without R in Your Compute. Seoul: Hannare; 2015.
  29. Barrett KE, Ganong WF. Ganong's review of medical physiology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education; 2019.
  30. Netter FH, Machado CAG, Jenes HR, Burns TM, Aminoff MJ, Pomeroy SL. The Netter collection of medical illustration. Pennsylvania: Elsevier Saunders; 2013.
  31. Jeon OK. Breathing training and the world of Qi. Seoul: Good Land Pub.; 2012.
  32. Zimmerman J. New technologies detect effects of healing hands. Brain/Mind Bulletin. 1985;10(3):136-43.
  33. Gartner-Schmidt JL, Hirai R, Dastolfo C, Rosen CA, Yu L, Gillespie AI. Phonatory aerodynamics in connected speech. The Laryngoscope. 2015;125(12):2764-71.