Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Umami taste receptor suppresses cancer cachexia by regulating skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo and in vitro

  • Sumin Lee (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Yoonha Choi (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Yerin Kim (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Yeon Kyung Cha (Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Tai Hyun Park (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Yuri Kim (Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University)
  • Received : 2023.12.07
  • Accepted : 2024.05.17
  • Published : 2024.08.01
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Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) is endogenously expressed in skeletal muscle and is involved in myogenesis; however, there is a lack of evidence about whether the expression of the umami taste receptor is involved in muscular diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the umami taste receptor and its mechanism on muscle wasting in cancer cachexia using in vivo and in vitro models. MATERIALS/METHODS: The Lewis lung carcinoma-induced cancer cachexia model was used in vivo and in vitro, and the expressions of umami taste receptor and muscle atrophy-related markers, muscle atrophy F-box protein, and muscle RING-finger protein-1 were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed that TAS1R1 was significantly downregulated in vivo and in vitro under the muscle wasting condition. Moreover, overexpression of TAS1R1 in vitro in the human primary cell model protected the cells from muscle atrophy, and knockdown of TAS1R1 using siRNA exacerbated muscle atrophy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the umami taste receptor exerts protective effects on muscle-wasting conditions by restoring dysregulated muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. In conclusion, this result provided evidence that the umami taste receptor exerts a therapeutic anti-cancer cachexia effect by restoring muscle atrophy.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Ewha Womans University (1-2021-0658-001-1).

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