Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Genomic insights of S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis in a high livestock activity region of Mexico

  • Jose Roberto Aguirre-Sanchez (Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigacion en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD)) ;
  • Nohemi Castro-del Campo (Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa (UAS)) ;
  • José Andres Medrano-Felix (Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigacion en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD)) ;
  • Alex Omar Martínez-Torres (Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panama) ;
  • Cristobal Chaidez (Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigacion en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD)) ;
  • Jordi Querol-Audi (Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panama) ;
  • Nohelia Castro-del Campo (Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigacion en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD))
  • Received : 2023.11.29
  • Accepted : 2024.02.14
  • Published : 2024.07.31
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Abstract

Importance: Bovine mastitis, predominantly associated with gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, poses a significant threat to dairy cows, leading to a decline in milk quality and volume with substantial economic implications. Objective: This study investigated the incidence, virulence, and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus associated with mastitis in dairy cows. Methods: Fifty milk-productive cows underwent a subclinical mastitis diagnosis, and the S. aureus strains were isolated. Genomic DNA extraction, sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis were performed, supplemented by including 124 S. aureus genomes from cows with subclinical mastitis to enhance the overall analysis. Results: The results revealed a 42% prevalence of subclinical mastitis among the cows tested. Genomic analysis identified 26 sequence types (STs) for all isolates, with Mexican STs belonging primarily to CC1 and CC97. The analyzed genomes exhibited multidrug resistance to phenicol, fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, and cephalosporine, which are commonly used as the first line of treatment. Furthermore, a similar genomic virulence repertoire was observed across the genomes, encompassing the genes related to invasion, survival, pathogenesis, and iron uptake. In particular, the toxic shock syndrome toxin (tss-1) was found predominantly in the genomes isolated in this study, posing potential health risks, particularly in children. Conclusion and Relevance: These findings underscore the broad capacity for antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity by S. aureus, compromising the integrity of milk and dairy products. The study emphasizes the need to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotics in combating S. aureus infections.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors thank MC Arlet Guadalupe Cruz Calderon and MVZ Jesus Joel Freer Uriarte for their technical support.

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